EXPERIENCE OF THE EFFICIENCY OF PARTICIPATION OF THE SUPERVISORS OF MEASURES FOR ASSISTING PARENTS IN REALISING CHILD WELFARE IN METHOD ORIENTED SUPERVISION ABSTRACT Method oriented supervision is a ...supervision defined as a process, whereas referent material serves professional interaction of a supervisees with a client. A unique accent in method oriented supervision is on the educational component, deepened casework structure and on the professional development phase of the supervisor. This paper represents part of the qualitative research of experience in the effectiveness of participation in method oriented supervision of supervisors of measures for the protection of child welfare who conduct professional assistance and support measures in exercising child care. This study included 17 participants who, conduct measures in the Centre of Social Welfare in Osijek, Našice, and Donji Miholjac. They participated in method oriented supervision. The research was conducted by a method of semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was used for data processing. The results of the research show that supervisors of measures for the protection of child welfare recognize the benefits of participating in method oriented supervision as generic and specific, and in general they describe the feeling of greater achievement in working with families and changes in the relationship with the families in which they implement the measure of professional help and support. Supervisors of measures for the protection of child welfare obtained support and they divided the effects of method oriented supervision into generic and specific ones. Also, the paper describes the special features of method oriented supervision recognized by supervisors of measures for the protection of child welfare in relation to other forms of supervision in which they participated. Key words: method oriented supervision; supervisors of measures for the protection of child welfare; professional assistance and support measure; families at risk; outcomes; support
Genetic discoveries and technological advances have been changing nursing care delivery, which modifies the roles and practices of nursing in society. Although the need for education of nurses in the ...field of genomics has been recognized in the 1960s, many countries still have no clear guidelines in this field of education and training. The purpose of this study was to evaluate current genomics content in the curriculum of undergraduate and graduate programs of studies in nursing in Croatia, and to measure the genomic literacy of Croatian undergraduate nursing students through assessing participants' understanding of genomic concepts most critical to nursing practice. The curriculum of undergraduate and graduate programs of nursing classes of 2020/2021 were independently analyzed by the authors. For measuring the knowledge of essential genomic concepts among nurses, a Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory (GNCI
) instrument was employed. Results indicate that the current genomics content, for undergraduate and graduate nursing programs in Croatia, is inadequate and not concordant among universities. Moreover, the genomic literacy of Croatian undergraduate students (Undergraduate program 10) was found to be low. Scores across respondents ranged from 3 to 22 (out of possible 31), with a mean scale score 9.8 (SD 5.3) (31.6% correct). We can conclude that the curriculum for undergraduate and graduate programs of Studies in nursing should be revised to implement the latest genomic practices and approaches to genomics education while nurses should acquire an adequate level of genomic literacy in order to produce desired outcomes of competency in nursing practice.
To evaluate the association between spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)1, 3A, 3B, and 3L gene polymorphisms, and their contribution to the clinical characteristics of ...women with SPTB and their newborns.
This case-control study, conducted in 2018, enrolled 162 women with SPTB and 162 women with term delivery. DNMT1 rs2228611, DNMT3A rs1550117, DNMT3B rs1569686, DNMT3B rs2424913, and DNMT3L rs2070565 single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The clinical characteristics included in the analysis were family history of preterm birth, maternal smoking, maternal age, gestational week at delivery, and fetal birth weight.
DNMT gene polymorphisms were not significantly associated with SPTB. DNMT3B rs1569686 and rs2424913 minor alleles (T) were significantly more frequent in women with familial PTB than in women with non-familial PTB, increasing the odds for familial PTB 3.30 and 3.54 times under dominant genetic models. They were also significantly more frequent in women with SPTB who smoked before pregnancy, reaching the most significant association under additive genetic models (odds ratio 6.86, 95% confidence interval 2.25-20.86, P<0.001; odds ratio 3.77, 95% confidence interval 1.36-10.52, P=0.011, respectively).
DNMT3B rs1569686 and rs2424913 gene polymorphisms might be associated with positive family history of PTB and smoking status.
Prijevremeni porođaj jedan je od vodećih svjetskih zdravstvenih problema i prioriteta. Iako postoje standardizirani globalni indikatori za optimizaciju sakupljanja i izvještavanja podataka, oni su ...još uvijek neprimjereni za međunarodnu usporedbu. Ovim kratkim preglednim člankom prikazane su aktualne spoznaje i kontroverze vezane uz definiciju, epidemiologiju te uzroke prijevremenog porođaja, utemeljene na najnovijim rezultatima opažajnih i pokusnih istraživanja te sustavnih pregleda i metaanaliza.
Preterm birth is a major public health issue and one of the most important clinical problems. Although standard global indicators for monitoring and reporting of the data exist, at the moment they are inadequate for international comparisons. This mini-review gives an overview of the current knowledge and controversies regarding the definition, epidemiology and causes of preterm birth, based on the most recent findings of observational and experimental studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Impairments of the genes that encode enzymes that are involved in one-carbon metabolism because of the presence of gene polymorphisms can affect the methylation pattern. The altered methylation ...profiles of the genes involved in cardiogenesis may result in congenital heart defects (CHDs). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the
rs1801133,
rs1801131,
rs1801394,
rs2228611,
rs1550117,
rs1569686, and
rs2424913 gene polymorphisms and congenital heart defects in Down syndrome (DS) individuals. The study was conducted on 350 participants, including 134 DS individuals with CHDs (DSCHD+), 124 DS individuals without CHDs (DSCHD-), and 92 individuals with non-syndromic CHD. The genotyping was performed using the PCR-RFLP method. A statistically significant higher frequency of the
rs2424913 TT in the DSCHD+ individuals was observed. The
rs2424913 TT genotype, as well as the T allele, had significantly higher frequencies in the individuals with DS and atrial septal defects (ASDs) in comparison with the individuals with DS and other CHDs. Furthermore, our results indicate a statistically significant effect of the
rs1569686 TT genotype in individuals with non-syndromic CHDs. The results of the study suggest that the
rs2424913 TT genotypes may be a possible predisposing factor for CHDs in DS individuals, and especially those with ASDs.
Downov sindrom najčešća je aneuploidija kromosoma 21. Neurorazvojni poremećaji i tipične kraniofacijalne dismorfije prisutne su u različitom stupnju u svih osoba. Prirođene srčane greške najčešća su ...kongenitalna anomalija, s prevalencijom 40-55 %. Najčešće prirođene srčane greške u osoba s Downovim sindromom jesu septalni defekti. Uzrok prirođenih srčanih grešaka do danas nije u potpunosti razjašnjen. Pretpostavka je da polimorfizmi gena uključeni u metabolizam folata i homocisteina utječu na obrazac metilacije DNA, što može rezultirati razvojem prirođene srčane greške. Cilj rada je kroz pregled literature istražiti ulogu polimorfizama gena
MTHFR, MTRR i DNMT
u etiologiji prirođenih srčanih grešaka u osoba s Downovim sindromom.
Down syndrome is the most common aneuploidy of chromosome 21. Neurodevelopmental abnormalities and typical craniofacial dysmorphia are present to varying degrees in all individuals. Congenital heart defects are the most common congenital anomaly, with a prevalence of 40-55%. The most common congenital heart defects in individuals with Down syndrome are septal defects. The cause of congenital heart defects is still largely unknown. Polymorphisms of genes involved in folate and homocysteine metabolism are thought to influence the pattern of DNA methylation that may lead to congenital heart defect.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of
MTHFR
,
MTRR
and
DNMT
gene polymorphisms in the etiology of congenital heart defects in individuals with Down syndrome based on a literature review.
Today’s adolescents grow up with digital technologies and the Internet from birth. In order to learn about the Internet experience of these adolescents, in accordance with the social constructivist ...perspective, qualitative methodology was used in this paper. The Uses and Gratification Theory guided the formulation of questions in a semi-structured interview. To explore the youth’s perception of the internet, ten girls and nine boys were interviewed. Their answers were analysed by thematic analysis and four thematic units «Experience of the term Internet from the perspective of high school students», «Motivation to use the Internet» and «Experience of the positive and negative consequences of Internet use» and “Emotional experience of using the Internet” were identified. Motives for using the Internet have been shown to include entertainment, learning, social interactions, and, to a lesser extent, stress reduction. Young people identify both positive and negative aspects of using the Internet, citing more negative experiences based on their own experiences. The use of the Internet, on the other hand, causes several different pleasant emotional reactions, but also conflicts with family and failures in the performance of home and school obligations. Key words: Internet; adolescents; social constructivism; uses and gratification theory
Današnji adolescenti od rođenja odrastaju uz digitalne tehnologije i internet. Kako bi se, sukladno socijalno konstruktivističkoj perspektivi, spoznao doživljaj interneta tih adolescenata u ovom radu ...se koristila kvalitativna metodologija. Teorija upotrebe medija i zadovoljenja potrebe je usmjeravala oblikovanje pitanja u polustrukturiranom intervjuu. Da bi se vidjelo kako mladi doživljavaju internet, intervjuirano je deset djevojaka i devet mladića srednjoškolaca. Njihovi odgovori analizirani su tematskom analizom te su utvrđene četiri tematska područja: »Doživljaj srednjoškolaca koji imaju na pojam internet«, »Motivacija za korištenjem interneta«, »Doživljaj pozitivnih i negativnih strana korištenja interneta« i »Emocionalni doživljaj korištenja interneta«. Pokazalo se da motivi za korištenje interneta uključuju zabavu, učenje, socijalne interakcije i, u manjoj mjeri, smanjivanje stresa. Mladi identificiraju pozitivne i negativne aspekte korištenja interneta, a na temelju vlastitih iskustava navode više negativnih doživljaja. Korištenje interneta, pak, izaziva više različitih ugodnih emocionalnih reakcija, ali i sukobe s obitelji te njihove propuste u izvršavanju kućnih i školskih obaveza.
Today's adolescents grow up with digital technologies and the Internet from birth. In order to learn about the Internet experience of these adolescents, in accordance with the social constructivist perspective, qualitative methodology was used in this paper. The Uses and Gratification Theory guided the formulation of questions in a semi-structured interview. To explore the youth’s perception of the internet, ten girls and nine boys were interviewed. Their answers were analysed by thematic analysis and four thematic units «Experience of the term Internet from the perspective of high school students», «Motivation to use the Internet» and «Experience of the positive and negative consequences of Internet use» and "Emotional experience of using the Internet" were identified. Motives for using the Internet have been shown to include entertainment, learning, social interactions, and, to a lesser extent, stress reduction. Young people identify both positive and negative aspects of using the Internet, citing more negative experiences based on their own experiences. The use of the Internet, on the other hand, causes several different pleasant emotional reactions, but also conflicts with family and failures in the performance of home and school obligations.
Despite considerable effort aimed at decreasing the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB), it remains the leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to ...evaluate maternal LINE-1 DNA methylation (DNAm), along with DNMT polymorphisms and factors proposed to modulate DNAm, in patients who delivered early preterm. This case-control study included women who delivered spontaneously early preterm (23–336/7 weeks of gestation), and control women. DNAm was analyzed in peripheral blood lymphocytes by quantification of LINE-1 DNAm using the MethyLight method. There was no significant difference in LINE-1 DNAm between patients with early PTB and controls. Among the investigated predictors, only the history of previous PTB was significantly associated with LINE-1 DNAm in PTB patients (β = −0.407; R2 = 0.131; p = 0.011). The regression analysis showed the effect of DNMT3B rs1569686 TT+TG genotypes on LINE-1 DNAm in patients with familial PTB (β = −0.524; R2 = 0.275; p = 0.037). Our findings suggest novel associations of maternal LINE-1 DNA hypomethylation with DNMT3B rs1569686 T allele. These results also contribute to the understanding of a complex (epi)genetic and environmental relationship underlying the early PTB.
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