In this letter we present the first measurements of an exclusive electron
neutrino cross section with the MicroBooNE experiment using data from the
Booster Neutrino Beamline at Fermilab. These ...measurements are made for a
selection of charged-current electron neutrinos without final-state pions.
Differential cross sections are extracted in energy and angle with respect to
the beam for the electron and the leading proton. The differential cross
section as a function of proton energy is measured using events with protons
both above and below the visibility threshold. This is done by including a
separate selection of electron neutrino events without reconstructed proton
candidates in addition to those with proton candidates. Results are compared to
the predictions from several modern generators, and we find the data agrees
well with these models. The data shows best agreement, as quantified by
$p$-value, with the generators that predict a lower overall cross section, such
as GENIE v3 and NuWro.
Phys.Rev. D 105 (2022) 11, 112005 We report a search for an anomalous excess of inclusive charged-current (CC)
$\nu_e$ interactions using the Wire-Cell event reconstruction package in the
MicroBooNE ...experiment, which is motivated by the previous observation of a
low-energy excess (LEE) of electromagnetic events from the MiniBooNE
experiment. With a single liquid argon time projection chamber detector, the
measurements of $\nu_{\mu}$ CC interactions as well as $\pi^0$ interactions are
used to constrain signal and background predictions of $\nu_e$ CC interactions.
A data set collected from February 2016 to July 2018 corresponding to an
exposure of 6.369 $\times$ 10$^{20}$ protons on target from the Booster
Neutrino Beam at FNAL is analyzed. With $x$ representing an overall
normalization factor and referred to as the LEE strength parameter, we select
56 fully contained $\nu_e$ CC candidates while expecting 69.6 $\pm$ 8.0 (stat.)
$\pm$ 5.0 (sys.) and 103.8 $\pm$ 9.0 (stat.) $\pm$ 7.4 (sys.) candidates after
constraints for the absence (eLEE$_{x=0}$) of the median signal strength
derived from the MiniBooNE observation and the presence (eLEE$_{x=1}$) of that
signal strength, respectively. Under a nested hypothesis test using both rate
and shape information in all available channels, the best-fit $x$ is determined
to be 0 (eLEE$_{x=0}$) with a 95.5% confidence level upper limit of $x$ at
0.502. Under a simple-vs-simple hypotheses test, the eLEE$_{x=1}$ hypothesis is
rejected at 3.75$\sigma$, while the eLEE$_{x=0}$ hypothesis is shown to be
consistent with the observation at 0.45$\sigma$. In the context of the eLEE
model, the estimated 68.3% confidence interval of the $\nu_e$ hypothesis to
explain the LEE observed in the MiniBooNE experiment is disfavored at a
significance level of more than 2.6$\sigma$ (3.0$\sigma$) considering
MiniBooNE's full (statistical) uncertainties.
JINST 16 (2021) 12, T12017 This article presents the reconstruction of the electromagnetic activity from
electrons and photons (showers) used in the MicroBooNE deep learning-based low
energy electron ...search. The reconstruction algorithm uses a combination of
traditional and deep learning-based techniques to estimate shower energies. We
validate these predictions using two $\nu_{\mu}$-sourced data samples:
charged/neutral current interactions with final state neutral pions and charged
current interactions in which the muon stops and decays within the detector
producing a Michel electron. Both the neutral pion sample and Michel electron
sample demonstrate agreement between data and simulation. Further, the absolute
shower energy scale is shown to be consistent with the relevant physical
constant of each sample: the neutral pion mass peak and the Michel energy
cutoff.
This article presents a measurement of $\nu_e$ interactions without pions in
the final state using the MicroBooNE experiment and an investigation into the
excess of low-energy electromagnetic events ...observed by the MiniBooNE
collaboration. The measurement is performed in exclusive channels with
(1$e$N$p$0$\pi$) and without (1$e$0$p$0$\pi$) visible final-state protons using
6.86$\times 10^{20}$ protons on target of data collected from the Booster
Neutrino Beam at Fermilab. Events are reconstructed with the Pandora pattern
recognition toolkit and selected using additional topological information from
the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber. Using a goodness-of-fit
test the data are found to be consistent with the predicted number of events
with nominal flux and interaction models with a $p$-value of 0.098 in the two
channels combined. A model based on the low-energy excess observed in MiniBooNE
is introduced to quantify the strength of a possible $\nu_e$ excess. The
analysis suggests that if an excess is present, it is not consistent with a
simple scaling of the $\nu_e$ contribution to the flux. Combined, the
1$e$N$p$0$\pi$ and 1$e$0$p$0$\pi$ channels do not give a conclusive indication
about the tested model, but separately they both disfavor the low-energy excess
model at $>$90% CL. The observation in the most sensitive 1$e$N$p$0$\pi$
channel is below the prediction and consistent with no excess. In the less
sensitive 1$e$0$p$0$\pi$ channel the observation at low energy is above the
prediction, while overall there is agreement over the full energy spectrum.
Phys.Rev.D 105 (2022) 11, 112003 We present a measurement of the $\nu_e$-interaction rate in the MicroBooNE
detector that addresses the observed MiniBooNE anomalous low-energy excess
(LEE). The ...approach taken isolates neutrino interactions consistent with the
kinematics of charged-current quasi-elastic (CCQE) events. The topology of such
signal events has a final state with 1 electron, 1 proton, and 0 mesons
($1e1p$). Multiple novel techniques are employed to identify a $1e1p$ final
state, including particle identification that use two methods of
deep-learning-based image identification, and event isolation using a boosted
decision-tree ensemble trained to recognize two-body scattering kinematics.
This analysis selects 25 $\nu_e$-candidate events in the reconstructed neutrino
energy range of 200--1200\,MeV, while $29.0 \pm 1.9_\text{(sys)} \pm
5.4_\text{(stat)}$ are predicted when using $\nu_\mu$ CCQE interactions as a
constraint. We use a simplified model to translate the MiniBooNE LEE
observation into a prediction for a $\nu_e$ signal in MicroBooNE. A $\Delta
\chi^2$ test statistic, based on the combined Neyman--Pearson $\chi^2$
formalism, is used to define frequentist confidence intervals for the LEE
signal strength. Using this technique, in the case of no LEE signal, we expect
this analysis to exclude a normalization factor of 0.75 (0.98) times the median
MiniBooNE LEE signal strength at 90\% ($2\sigma$) confidence level, while the
MicroBooNE data yield an exclusion of 0.25 (0.38) times the median MiniBooNE
LEE signal strength at 90\% ($2\sigma$) confidence
Phys.Rev.Lett. 128 (2022) 11, 111801 We report results from a search for neutrino-induced neutral current (NC)
resonant $\Delta$(1232) baryon production followed by $\Delta$ radiative decay,
with a ...$\langle0.8\rangle$~GeV neutrino beam. Data corresponding to
MicroBooNE's first three years of operations (6.80$\times$10$^{20}$ protons on
target) are used to select single-photon events with one or zero protons and
without charged leptons in the final state ($1\gamma1p$ and $1\gamma0p$,
respectively). The background is constrained via an in-situ high-purity
measurement of NC $\pi^0$ events, made possible via dedicated $2\gamma1p$ and
$2\gamma0p$ selections. A total of 16 and 153 events are observed for the
$1\gamma1p$ and $1\gamma0p$ selections, respectively, compared to a constrained
background prediction of $20.5 \pm 3.65 \text{(sys.)} $ and $145.1 \pm 13.8
\text{(sys.)} $ events. The data lead to a bound on an anomalous enhancement of
the normalization of NC $\Delta$ radiative decay of less than $2.3$ times the
predicted nominal rate for this process at the 90% confidence level (CL). The
measurement disfavors a candidate photon interpretation of the MiniBooNE
low-energy excess as a factor of $3.18$ times the nominal NC $\Delta$ radiative
decay rate at the 94.8% CL, in favor of the nominal prediction, and represents
a greater than $50$-fold improvement over the world's best limit on
single-photon production in NC interactions in the sub-GeV neutrino energy
range
Phys. Rev. D 102, 112013 (2020) We present an analysis of MicroBooNE data with a signature of one muon, no
pions, and at least one proton above a momentum threshold of 300 MeV/c
(CC0$\pi$Np). This is ...the first differential cross section measurement of this
topology in neutrino-argon interactions. We achieve a significantly lower
proton momentum threshold than previous carbon and scintillator-based
experiments. Using data collected from a total of approximately $1.6 \times
10^{20}$ protons-on-target, we measure the muon neutrino cross section for the
CC0$\pi$Np interaction channel in argon at MicroBooNE in the Booster Neutrino
Beam which has a mean energy of around 800 MeV. We present the results from a
data sample with estimated efficiency of 29\% and purity of 76\% as
differential cross sections in five reconstructed variables: the muon momentum
and polar angle, the leading proton momentum and polar angle, and the
muon-proton opening angle. We include smearing matrices that can be used to
"forward-fold" theoretical predictions for comparison with these data. We
compare the measured differential cross sections to a number of recent theory
predictions demonstrating largely good agreement with this first-ever data set
on argon.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 201803 (2020) We report on the first measurement of flux-integrated single differential
cross sections for charged-current (CC) muon neutrino ($\nu_\mu$) scattering on
argon ...with a muon and a proton in the final state,
$^{40}$Ar($\nu_\mu$,$\mu$p)X. The measurement was carried out using the Booster
Neutrino Beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the MicroBooNE
liquid argon time projection chamber detector with an exposure of 4.59 $\times$
10$^{19}$ protons on target. Events are selected to enhance the contribution of
CC quasielastic (CCQE) interactions. The data are reported in terms of a total
cross section as well as single differential cross sections in final state muon
and proton kinematics. We measure the integrated per-nucleus CCQE-like cross
section (i.e. for interactions leading to a muon, one proton and no pions above
detection threshold) of (4.93 $\pm$ 0.76stat $\pm$ 1.29sys) $\times$
10$^{-38}$cm$^2$, in good agreement with theoretical calculations. The single
differential cross sections are also in overall good agreement with theoretical
predictions, except at very forward muon scattering angles that correspond to
low momentum-transfer events.
Introduction
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental illnesses worldwide and is strongly associated with suicidality. Commonly used treatments for MDD with suicidality ...include crisis intervention, oral antidepressants (although risk of suicidal behavior is high among non-responders and during the first 10-14 days of the treatment) benzodiazepines and lithium. Although several interventions addressing suicidality exist, only few studies have characterized in detail patients with MDD and suicidality, including treatment, clinical course and outcomes. Patient Characteristics, Validity of Clinical Diagnoses and Outcomes Associated with Suicidality in Inpatients with Symptoms of Depression (OASIS-D)-study is an investigator-initiated trial funded by Janssen-Cilag
GmbH.
Objectives
For population 1 out of 3 OASIS-D populations, to assess the sub-population of patients with suicidality and its correlates in hospitalized individuals with MDD.
Methods
The ongoing OASIS-D study consecutively examines hospitalized patients at 8 German psychiatric university hospitals treated as part of routine clinical care. A sub-group of patients with persistent suicidality after >48 hours post-hospitalization are assessed in detail and a sub-group of those are followed for 6 months to assess course and treatment of suicidality associated with MDD. The present analysis focuses on a preplanned interim analysis of the overall hospitalized population with MDD.
Results
Of 2,049 inpatients (age=42.5±15.9 years, females=53.2%), 68.0% had severe MDD without psychosis and 21.2% had moderately severe MDD, with 16.7% having treatment-resistant MDD. Most inpatients referred themselves (49.4%), followed by referrals by outpatient care providers (14.6%), inpatient care providers (9.0%), family/friends (8.5%), and ambulance (6.8%). Of these admissions, 43.1% represented a psychiatric emergency, with suicidality being the reason in 35.9%. Altogether, 72.4% had at least current passive suicidal ideation (SI, lifetime=87.2%), including passive SI (25.1%), active SI without plan (15.5%), active SI with plan (14.2%), and active SI with plan+intent (14.1%), while 11.5% had attempted suicide ≤2 weeks before admission (lifetime=28.7%). Drug-induced mental and behavioral disorders (19.6%) were the most frequent comorbid disorders, followed by personality disorders (8.2%). Upon admission, 64.5% were receiving psychiatric medications, including antidepressants (46.7%), second-generation antipsychotics (23.0%), anxiolytics (11.4%) antiepileptics (6.0%), and lithium (2.8%). Altogether, 9.8% reported nonadherence to medications within 6 months of admission.
Conclusions
In adults admitted for MDD, suicidality was common, representing a psychiatric emergency in 35.9% of patients. Usual-care treatments and outcomes of suicidality in hospitalized adults with MDD require further study.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
In this letter we present the first measurements of an exclusive electron neutrino cross section with the MicroBooNE experiment using data from the Booster Neutrino Beamline at Fermilab. These ...measurements are made for a selection of charged-current electron neutrinos without final-state pions. Differential cross sections are extracted in energy and angle with respect to the beam for the electron and the leading proton. The differential cross section as a function of proton energy is measured using events with protons both above and below the visibility threshold. This is done by including a separate selection of electron neutrino events without reconstructed proton candidates in addition to those with proton candidates. Results are compared to the predictions from several modern generators, and we find the data agrees well with these models. The data shows best agreement, as quantified by \(p\)-value, with the generators that predict a lower overall cross section, such as GENIE v3 and NuWro.
