HiggsBounds 2.0.0 is a computer code which tests both neutral and charged Higgs sectors of arbitrary models against the current exclusion bounds from the Higgs searches at LEP and the Tevatron. As ...input, it requires a selection of model predictions, such as Higgs masses, branching ratios, effective couplings and total decay widths. HiggsBounds 2.0.0 then uses the expected and observed topological cross section limits from the Higgs searches to determine whether a given parameter scenario of a model is excluded at the 95% C.L. by those searches. Version 2.0.0 represents a significant extension of the code since its first release (1.0.0). It includes now 28/53 LEP/Tevatron Higgs search analyses, compared to the 11/22 in the first release, of which many of the ones from the Tevatron are replaced by updates. As a major extension, the code allows now the predictions for (singly) charged Higgs bosons to be confronted with LEP and Tevatron searches. Furthermore, the newly included analyses contain LEP searches for neutral Higgs bosons (H) decaying invisibly or into (non-flavour tagged) hadrons as well as decay-mode independent searches for neutral Higgs bosons, LEP searches via the production modes tau + tau - H and b b macr H , and Tevatron searches via t t macr H . Also, all Tevatron results presented at the ICHEPE1410 are included in version 2.0.0. As physics applications of HiggsBounds 2.0.0 we study the allowed Higgs mass range for model scenarios with invisible Higgs decays and we obtain exclusion results for the scalar sector of the Randall-Sundrum model using up-to-date LEP and Tevatron direct search results. Program title: HiggsBounds Catalogue identifier: AEFF_v2_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEFF_v2_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, QueenE14s University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: GNU General Public Licence version 3 No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 74 005 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 1 730 996 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Fortran 77, Fortran 90 (two code versions are offered). Classification: 11.1. Catalogue identifier of previous version: AEFF_v1_0 Journal reference of previous version: Comput. Phys. Comm. 181 (2010) 138 External routines: HiggsBounds requires no external routines/libraries. Some sample programs in the distribution require the programs FeynHiggs 2.7.1 or CPsuperH2.2 to be installed. Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes Nature of problem: Determine whether a parameter point of a given model is excluded or allowed by LEP and Tevatron neutral and charged Higgs boson search results. Solution method: The most sensitive channel from LEP and Tevatron searches is determined and subsequently applied to test this parameter point. The test requires as input, model predictions for the Higgs boson masses, branching ratios and ratios of production cross sections with respect to reference values. Reasons for new version: This version extends the functionality of the previous version. Summary of revisions: List of included Higgs searches has been expanded, e.g. inclusion of (singly) charged Higgs boson searches. The input required from the user has been extended accordingly. Restrictions: Assumes that the narrow width approximation is applicable in the model under consideration and that the model does not predict a significant change to the signature of the background processes or the kinematical distributions of the signal cross sections. Running time: About 0.01 seconds (or less) for one parameter point using one processor of an Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 CPU at 2.40 GHz for sample model scenarios with three Higgs bosons. It depends on the complexity of the Higgs sector (e.g. the number of Higgs bosons and the number of open decay channels) and on the code version.
A Higgs-like particle with a mass of about 126 GeV has been discovered at the LHC. Within the experimental uncertainties, the measured properties of this new state are compatible with those of the ...Higgs boson in the Standard Model (SM). While not statistically significant at present, the results show some interesting patterns of deviations from the SM predictions, in particular a higher rate in the
γγ
decay mode observed by ATLAS and CMS, and a somewhat smaller rate in the
τ
+
τ
−
mode. The LHC discovery is also compatible with the predictions of the Higgs sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), interpreting the new state as either the light or the heavy
-even MSSM Higgs boson. Within the framework of the MSSM with seven free parameters (pMSSM-7), we fit the various rates of cross section times branching ratio as measured by the LHC and Tevatron experiments under the hypotheses of either the light or the heavy
-even Higgs boson being the new state around 126 GeV, with and without the inclusion of further low-energy observables. We find an overall good quality of the fits, with the best fit points exhibiting an enhancement of the
γγ
rate, as well as a small suppression of the
and
τ
+
τ
−
channels with respect to their SM expectations, depending on the details of the fit. For the fits including the whole dataset the light
-even Higgs interpretation in the MSSM results in a higher relative fit probability than the SM fit. On the other hand, we find that the present data also permit the more exotic interpretation in terms of the heavy
-even MSSM Higgs, which could give rise to experimental signatures of additional Higgs states in the near future.
Provided that Supersymmetry (SUSY) is realized, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the future International Linear Collider (ILC) may provide a wealth of precise data from SUSY processes. An ...important task will be to extract the Lagrangian parameters. On this basis the goal is to uncover the underlying symmetry breaking mechanism from the measured observables. In order to determine the SUSY parameters, the program Fittino has been developed. It uses an iterative fitting technique and a Simulated Annealing algorithm to determine the SUSY parameters directly from the observables without any
a priori knowledge of the parameters, using all available loop-corrections to masses and couplings. Simulated Annealing is implemented as a stable and efficient method for finding the optimal parameter values. The theoretical predictions can be provided from any program with SUSY Les Houches Accord interface. As fit result, a set of parameters including the full error matrix and two-dimensional uncertainty contours are obtained. Pull distributions can automatically be created and allow an independent cross-check of the fit results and possible systematic shifts in the parameter determination. A determination of the importance of the individual observables for the measurement of each parameter can be performed after the fit. A flexible user interface is implemented, allowing a wide range of different types of observables and a wide range of parameters to be used.
Program title: Fittino
Catalogue identifier: ADWN
Program summary URL:
http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADWN
Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License
Programming language:
C++
Computer: any computer
Operating system: Linux and other Unix flavors
RAM: ca. 22 MB
No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 111 962
No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 1 006 727
Distribution format: tar.gz
Number of processors used: 1
External routines: The ROOT data analysis framework, the SPheno spectrum calculator (included in the distribution). (SPheno may be replaced by any SUSY code which makes predictions for observables and communicates via the SLHA.)
Nature of problem: Provided supersymmetry is realized in Nature, a wealth of data will become available at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International Linear Collider (ILC). One of the most important tasks will be to extract the SUSY Lagrangian parameters from the measured observables. The large number of SUSY parameters and complicated correlations induced by loop corrections make the parameter determination difficult. Starting a global SUSY parameter fit initialized with tree-level estimates turned out to be an insufficient approach because the MINUIT fitting algorithm is likely to get stuck in local minima.
Solution method: To overcome the encountered problems without using
a priori knowledge, two strategies have been implemented in Fittino. The first one performs the fit in several steps (sub-sector fit method). It starts fitting certain sub-sets of parameters to certain sub-sets of observables and thereby slowly improves the parameter values. Finally the values are good enough to start a global SUSY parameter fit.
The second approach uses simulated annealing to improve the tree-level estimates of the parameters to an extend where MINUIT succeeds to perform a global SUSY parameter fit.
Restrictions: The current version of Fittino (version 1.1.1) assumes that there is no CP violation in the SUSY sector, no mixing between generations and no mixing within the first two generations.
Running time: Depending on the complexity of the problem, the running time varies from a few minutes to several weeks.
We present a set of recommendations for the presentation of LHC results on searches for new physics, which are aimed at providing a more efficient flow of scientific information between the ...experimental collaborations and the rest of the high energy physics community, and at facilitating the interpretation of the results in a wide class of models. Implementing these recommendations would aid the full exploitation of the physics potential of the LHC.
HiggsBounds is a computer code that tests theoretical predictions of models with arbitrary Higgs sectors against the exclusion bounds obtained from the Higgs searches at LEP and the Tevatron. The ...included experimental information comprises exclusion bounds at 95% C.L. on topological cross sections. In order to determine which search topology has the highest exclusion power, the program also includes, for each topology, information from the experiments on the expected exclusion bound, which would have been observed in case of a pure background distribution. Using the predictions of the desired model provided by the user as input,
HiggsBounds determines the most sensitive channel and tests whether the considered parameter point is excluded at the 95% C.L.
HiggsBounds is available as a Fortran 77 and Fortran 90 code. The code can be invoked as a command line version, a subroutine version and an online version. Examples of exclusion bounds obtained with
HiggsBounds are discussed for the Standard Model, for a model with a fourth generation of quarks and leptons and for the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with and without
CP
-violation. The experimental information on the exclusion bounds currently implemented in
HiggsBounds will be updated as new results from the Higgs searches become available.
Program title: HiggsBounds
Catalogue identifier: AEFF_v1_0
Program summary URL:
http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEFF_v1_0.html
Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland
Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence,
http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html
No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 55 733
No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 1 986 213
Distribution format: tar.gz
Programming language: Fortran 77, Fortran 90 (two code versions are offered).
Computer: HiggsBounds can be built with any compatible Fortran 77 or Fortran 90 compiler. The program has been tested on x86 CPUs running under Linux (Ubuntu 8.04) and with the following compilers: The Portland Group Inc. Fortran compilers (pgf77, pgf90), the GNU project Fortran compilers (g77, gfortran).
Operating system: Linux
RAM: minimum of about 6000 kbytes (dependent on the code version)
Classification: 11.1
External routines: HiggsBounds requires no external routines/libraries. Some sample programs in the distribution require the programs FeynHiggs 2.6.x or CPsuperH2 to be installed (see “Subprograms used”).
Subprograms used:
Cat Id
Title
Reference
ADKT_v2_0
FeynHiggsv2.6.5
CPC 180(2009)1426
ADSR_v2_0
CPsuperH2.0
CPC 180(2009)312
Nature of problem: Determine whether a parameter point of a given model is excluded or allowed by LEP and Tevatron Higgs-boson search results.
Solution method: The most sensitive channel from LEP and Tevatron searches is determined and subsequently applied to test this parameter point. The test requires as input model predictions for the Higgs-boson masses, branching ratios and ratios of production cross sections with respect to reference values.
Restrictions: In the current version, results from decay-mode independent Higgs searches and results of searches for charged Higgs bosons are not taken into account.
Running time: About 0.01 seconds (or less) for one parameter point using one processor of an Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 CPU at 2.40 GHz for sample model scenarios with three Higgs bosons. It depends on the complexity of the Higgs sector (e.g. the number of Higgs bosons and the number of open decay channels) and on the code version.
Physics at the $$e^+ e^-$$ e + e - linear collider Moortgat-Pick, G.; Baer, H.; Battaglia, M. ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
8/2015, Letnik:
75, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH) is an infrequent and poorly understood complication of supratentorial neurosurgical procedures. We retrospectively compared 42 patients who experienced RCH with a ...case-matched control cohort, to delineate risk factors associated with the occurrence of this complication.
Between 1988 and 2000, 42 patients experienced RCH after supratentorial neurosurgical procedures at our institution. Diagnoses were made on the basis of postoperative computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging findings in all cases. The medical records for these patients were reviewed and compared with those for a control cohort of 43 patients, matched for age, sex, surgical lesion, and type of craniotomy, who were treated during the same period.
RCH most commonly occurred after frontotemporal craniotomies for unruptured aneurysm repair or temporal lobectomy and was frequently an incidental finding on postoperative computed tomographic scans. However, some cases of RCH were associated with significant morbidity, and two patients died. Preoperative aspirin use and elevated intraoperative systolic blood pressure were significantly associated with RCH (P = 0.026 and P = 0.036, respectively). Pathological findings for two cases demonstrated hemorrhagic infarctions in both.
RCH most commonly follows supratentorial neurosurgical procedures, performed with the patient in the supine position, that involve opening of cerebrospinal fluid cisterns or the ventricular system (such as unruptured aneurysm repair or temporal lobectomy). Preoperative aspirin use and moderately elevated intraoperative systolic blood pressure are potentially modifiable risk factors associated with the development of RCH. Although RCH can cause death or major morbidity, most cases are asymptomatic or exhibit a benign course. Cerebellar "sag" as a result of cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia, causing transient occlusion of superior bridging veins within the posterior fossa and consequent hemorrhagic venous infarction, is the most likely pathophysiological cause of RCH.
Purpose: High‐dose i.v. opioids (e.g., alfentanil, 50 μg/kg bolus) are known to increase the intraoperative reading of epileptiform activity during epilepsy surgery (ES), thereby facilitating ...localization of the epileptogenic zone (i.e., the site of ictal onset and initial seizure propagation). However, this phenomenon has not been studied with remifentanil (i.e., a novel ultra‐short acting opioid). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of remifentanil on electrocorticography (ECoG) during ES.
Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, 25 adult patients undergoing elective ECoG‐guided anterior temporal corticectomy were enrolled. At the time of ECoG, anesthesia consisted of inhaled isoflurane 0.1% (end‐tidal) in 50% N2O, and i.v. fentanyl, 2 μg/kg/h and vecuronium. Patients were maintained at normocapnia and normoxia during ECoG. After acquisition of baseline ECoG, bolus remifentanil, 2.5 μg/kg i.v., was administered. The number of epileptiform spikes occurring 5 min before and after this bolus were compared by using a one‐sided sign test; p values 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: When compared with baseline ECoG, bolus i.v. remifentanil significantly increased the frequency of single spikes or repetitive spike bursts in the epileptogenic zone while suppressing activity in surrounding normal brain.
Conclusions: During ES, remifentanil enhanced epileptiform activity during intraoperative ECoG. Such observations facilitate localization of the epileptogenic zone while minimizing resection of nonepileptogenic eloquent brain tissue. Although not specifically evaluated in this study, we speculate that remifentanil's short elimination half‐life will facilitate neurologic function testing immediately after ES. Should this be the case, we envision remifentanil has the potential to supplant other opioids (e.g., alfentanil) during ECoG‐guided ES.
The production of a $W$ boson in association with a single charm quark is studied using 140 fb–1 of $\sqrt{s}$ = $13$ $\mathrm{TeV}$ proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at ...the Large Hadron Collider. The charm quark is tagged by the presence of a charmed hadron reconstructed with a secondary-vertex fit. The $W$ boson is reconstructed from the decay to either an electron or a muon and the missing transverse momentum present in the event. The charmed mesons reconstructed are D+ → K– π+ π+ and D*+ → D0 π+ → (K– π+) π+ and the charge conjugate decays in the fiducial regions where $p$T($e,μ$) > 30 GeV, |$η(e,μ)$| < 2.5, $p$T (D(*)) > 8 GeV, and |$η$(D(*))| < 2.2. The integrated and normalized differential cross sections as a function of the pseudorapidity of the lepton from the $W$ boson decay, and of the transverse momentum of the charmed hadron, are extracted from the data using a profile likelihood fit. The measured total fiducial cross sections are ${σ}_{fid}^{OS – SS}$ (W– + D+) = 50.2 ± 0.2 ${(stat)}_{–2.3}^{+2.4}$(syst) pb, ${σ}_{fid}^{OS – SS}$ (W+ + D–) = 48.5 ± 0.2 ${(stat)}_{–2.2}^{+2.3}$(syst) pb, ${σ}_{fid}^{OS – SS}$ (W– + D*+) = 51.1 ± 0.4 ${(stat)}_{–1.8}^{+1.9}$(syst) pb, ${σ}_{fid}^{OS – SS}$ (W+ + D*–) = 50.0 ± 0.4 ${(stat)}_{–1.8}^{+1.9}$(syst) pb. Results are compared with the predictions of next-to-leading-order quantum chromodynamics calculations performed using state-of-the-art parton distribution functions. Additionally, the ratio of charm to anticharm production cross sections is studied to probe the $s$-$\bar{s}$ quark asymmetry. The ratio is found to be ${R}_{c}^{±}$= 0.971 ± 0.006 (stat) ± 0.011 (syst). The ratio and cross-section measurements are consistent with the predictions obtained with parton distribution function sets that have a symmetric $s$-$\bar{s}$ sea, indicating that any $s$-$\bar{s}$ asymmetry in the Bjorken-x region relevant for this measurement is small.
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