Summary The transcription factor Snail is an important repressor of E-cadherin gene expression. It plays a key role in the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, an essential process ...important not only in embryonic development and tumor progression but also in organ fibrogenesis. We studied the expression of Snail by immunohistochemistry, along with several epithelial phenotypic changes suggestive of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, in 14 patients with multiple myeloma cast nephropathy. This nephropathy is characterized by a rapid progression toward fibrosis. As controls, we used normal kidneys and kidneys from patients displaying an idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, a syndrome unassociated with renal fibrosis. We discovered that, in all patients with multiple myeloma nephropathy, a drastic accumulation of Snail is seen in the nuclei from tubular epithelial cells showing epithelial phenotypic changes. In contrast, normal and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome kidneys did not exhibit either of these markers. Snail, a major player in the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, is highly expressed by tubular epithelial cells during multiple myeloma nephropathy. It is, therefore, a potential target to prevent multiple myeloma kidneys from fibrosing. Intranuclear accumulation of Snail is a characteristic in phenotypically altered tubular cells from multiple myeloma kidneys. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway could, therefore, be involved in the rapid renal fibrogenesis observed in this setting.
The experience of treatment of 705 patients with the diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) determined the necessity of reviewing the existing classifications of the disease. Main features of clinics and ...pathology define three basic forms of the DFS: neuropathic, neuroischemic and ischemic. The new ischemia classification is brought forward. It is based on reliable micro- and macrogemodynamic criteria, which are also important for clinical decision making.
Objective. To investigate effects of augmented feedback on knee valgus angles and hip muscle activity. Design. Repeated measures pre-test - post-test design to determine the effects of augmented ...feedback on knee kinematics and muscle activity. Setting. Research Laboratory. Subjects. 32 healthy, recreationally active females (age = 20.3±1.3 yrs, height = 166.5±7.4cm, mass = 66.6±12.4 kg) displaying visual knee valgus. Intervention. Intervention subjects were given video and verbal feedback regarding their landing technique. Statistical analysis. Mixed model repeated measures ANOVA comparing control and intervention groups, and pre-test versus post-test; correlational analysis. Main outcome measure(s). Knee valgus angles; EMG amplitude of gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, hip adductors during a jump landing. Results. Significant differences in knee valgus angles were observed post intervention; however, muscle amplitude did decrease during the landing phase. Significance. Augmented feedback can alter kinematics and muscle activity however, more research is needed. Key words. Augmented feedback, knee valgus, muscle activity, jump landing.
Clinico-instrumental investigations and experimental studying of the regeneration of laparotomy wounds sutured by removable draining aponeurotic and muscular-aponeurotic sutures have shown less ...pronounced course of aseptic inflammation in the wounds. It has been established that the removable aponeurotic sutures substantially decrease the frequency of postoperative suppurations of laparotomy wounds in patients operated on the colon mainly for colorectal carcinoma. The original authors' sutures provide the formation of a cicatrix of the laparotomy wound by the 20th day of the postoperative period and completely prevent the appearance of ligature fistulas.
Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 27, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of ...Arts in the Department of Exercise and Sport Science Athletic Training." Discipline: Exercise and Sports Science; Department/School: Exercise and Sport Science.
An analysis of results of surgical treatment of 158 adult patients with the syndrome of chronic colostasis (SCC) has shown that the rectal form of Hirschsprung's disease (RFH) was diagnosed in 57 ...patients while idiopathic megadolichocolon (IMC)--in 101 patients. There were two types of SCC: proctogenic and cologenic. The proctogenic type appears in patients with RFH due to hypogangliosis and agangliosis, and in patients with IMC--as a result of dystrophy of ganglionic neurons of the Meissner plexus of the rectum. The computed morphometry and histochemical investigations have shown that hypogangliosis and agangliosis in RFH were of congenital origin while dystrophy of the rectal ganglia in many patients with IMC was an acquired pathology. The marginal variant of the second type of the colon structure can be considered as a cause of SCC. A new operation--endofascial resection of the rectum--is proposed for treatment of proctogenic SCC. The differential surgical strategy with pathomorphogenesis of SCC taken into account allowed to get satisfactory results in 73% of cases.
In order to decrease the number of amputations for "diabetic foot", these patients should undergo elective or delayed operations. It is obligatory before the operation to correct carbohydrate ...metabolism and hemodynamics. Sodium succinate in combination with conventional angioprotective treatment is used for this purpose. Microcirculation is evaluated using oxymonitor ISM-2 and tetrapolar rheography. Blood flow disturbances are evaluated according to ultrasound dopplerography data. Operations are performed with the use of a primary or delayed suture at the definite level of the extremity where oxygen tension of the skin is not lower than 33 mm Hg, and the index of minute blood flow--not lower than 1.8 ml/min per 100 cm3 of the tissue. When operating on the foot it is obligatory to leave loose excessive brims of tissues to facilitate the placement of broad-grip sutures without tension. It is advisable to use through flowing--aspiration drainage and to perform surgical treatment of the deep phlegmon of the foot through club-shaped approach.
