J. Math. Phys. 62, 092205 (2021) Fawzi and Fawzi recently defined the sharp R\'enyi divergence, $D_\alpha^\#$,
for $\alpha \in (1, \infty)$, as an additional quantum R\'enyi divergence with
nice ...mathematical properties and applications in quantum channel discrimination
and quantum communication. One of their open questions was the limit ${\alpha}
\to 1$ of this divergence. By finding a new expression of the sharp divergence
in terms of a minimization of the geometric R\'enyi divergence, we show that
this limit is equal to the Belavkin-Staszewski relative entropy. Analogous
minimizations of arbitrary generalized divergences lead to a new family of
generalized divergences that we call kringel divergences, and for which we
prove various properties including the data-processing inequality.
Fawzi and Fawzi recently defined the sharp Rényi divergence, \(D_\alpha^\#\), for \(\alpha \in (1, \infty)\), as an additional quantum Rényi divergence with nice mathematical properties and ...applications in quantum channel discrimination and quantum communication. One of their open questions was the limit \({\alpha} \to 1\) of this divergence. By finding a new expression of the sharp divergence in terms of a minimization of the geometric Rényi divergence, we show that this limit is equal to the Belavkin-Staszewski relative entropy. Analogous minimizations of arbitrary generalized divergences lead to a new family of generalized divergences that we call kringel divergences, and for which we prove various properties including the data-processing inequality.
Background The humerus is the second most common long-bone site of metastatic bone disease. We report complications, risk factors for failure, and survival of a large series of patients operated on ...for skeletal metastases of the humerus. Materials and methods This study was based on 208 patients treated surgically for 214 metastatic lesions of the humerus. Reconstructions were achieved by intramedullary nails in 148, endoprostheses in 35, plate fixation in 21, and by other methods in 10. Results The median age at surgery was 67 years (range, 29-87 years). Breast cancer was the primary tumor in 31%. The overall failure rate of the surgical reconstructions was 9%. The reoperation rate was 7% in the proximal humerus, 8% in the diaphysis, and 33% in the distal part of the bone. Among 36 operations involving an endoprosthesis, 2 were failures (6%) compared with 18 of 178 osteosynthetic devices (10%). In the osteosynthesis group, intramedullary nails failed in 7% and plate fixation failed in 22%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that prostate cancer was associated with an increased risk of failure after surgery (hazard ratio, 7; P < 0.033). The cumulative survival after surgery was 40% (95% confidence interval CI 34-47) at 1 year, 21% (95% CI, 15-26) at 2 years, and 16% (95% CI, 12-19) at 3 years. Conclusions Our method of choice is the cemented hemiprosthesis for pathologic proximal humeral fractures and interlocked intramedullary nail for lesions in the diaphysis. Pathologic fractures in the distal humerus are uncommon and associated with a very high reoperation rate.
An explosion of data available in the life sciences has shifted the discipline toward genomics and quantitative data science research. Institutions of higher learning have been addressing this shift ...by modifying undergraduate curriculums resulting in an increasing number of bioinformatics courses and research opportunities for undergraduates. The goal of this study was to explore how a newly designed introductory bioinformatics seminar could leverage the combination of in-class instruction and independent research to build the practical skill sets of undergraduate students beginning their careers in the life sciences. Participants were surveyed to assess learning perceptions toward the dual curriculum. Most students had a neutral or positive interest in these topics before the seminar and reported increased interest after the seminar. Students had increases in confidence level in their bioinformatic proficiency and understanding of ethical principles for data/genomic science. By combining undergraduate research with directed bioinformatics skills, classroom seminars facilitated a connection between student's life sciences knowledge and emerging research tools in computational biology.
ABSTRACT
Laing early onset distal myopathy and myosin storage myopathy are caused by mutations of slow skeletal/β‐cardiac myosin heavy chain encoded by the gene MYH7, as is a common form of familial ...hypertrophic/dilated cardiomyopathy. The mechanisms by which different phenotypes are produced by mutations in MYH7, even in the same region of the gene, are not known. To explore the clinical spectrum and pathobiology, we screened the MYH7 gene in 88 patients from 21 previously unpublished families presenting with distal or generalized skeletal muscle weakness, with or without cardiac involvement. Twelve novel mutations have been identified in thirteen families. In one of these families, the father of the proband was found to be a mosaic for the MYH7 mutation. In eight cases, de novo mutation appeared to have occurred, which was proven in four. The presenting complaint was footdrop, sometimes leading to delayed walking or tripping, in members of 17 families (81%), with other presentations including cardiomyopathy in infancy, generalized floppiness, and scoliosis. Cardiac involvement as well as skeletal muscle weakness was identified in nine of 21 families. Spinal involvement such as scoliosis or rigidity was identified in 12 (57%). This report widens the clinical and pathological phenotypes, and the genetics of MYH7 mutations leading to skeletal muscle diseases.
Twenty one previously unpublished families were shown to have an MYH7 gene mutation causing Laing distal myopathy (MPD1). Typical findings included footdrop and dropped fingers. Cardiac involvement was seen in 9, and spinal involvement in 12. Thirteen of these families had multiple affected members, but eight cases had no family history and de novo mutation was proven in four. A mosaic carrier was also identified. Twelve of the 21 mutations were novel.
Laing early onset distal myopathy and myosin storage myopathy are caused by mutations of slow skeletal/beta-cardiac myosin heavy chain encoded by the gene MYH7, as is a common form of familial ...hypertrophic/dilated cardiomyopathy. The mechanisms by which different phenotypes are produced by mutations in MYH7, even in the same region of the gene, are not known. To explore the clinical spectrum and pathobiology, we screened the MYH7 gene in 88 patients from 21 previously unpublished families presenting with distal or generalized skeletal muscle weakness, with or without cardiac involvement. Twelve novel mutations have been identified in thirteen families. In one of these families, the father of the proband was found to be a mosaic for the MYH7 mutation. In eight cases, de novo mutation appeared to have occurred, which was proven in four. The presenting complaint was footdrop, sometimes leading to delayed walking or tripping, in members of 17 families (81%), with other presentations including cardiomyopathy in infancy, generalized floppiness, and scoliosis. Cardiac involvement as well as skeletal muscle weakness was identified in nine of 21 families. Spinal involvement such as scoliosis or rigidity was identified in 12 (57%). This report widens the clinical and pathological phenotypes, and the genetics of MYH7 mutations leading to skeletal muscle diseases.
Tibial muscular dystrophy in a Belgian family Van den Bergh, Peter Y. K.; Bouquiaux, Olivier; Verellen, Christine ...
Annals of neurology,
August 2003, Letnik:
54, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We report a Belgian family with autosomal dominant, late‐onset, distal myopathy with selective foot extensor muscle involvement of the lower legs. Linkage to the tibial muscular dystrophy (TMD) locus ...2q31 was not evident at first because of incomplete disease penetrance in a 50‐year‐old asymptomatic family member. An abnormal tibialis anterior muscle biopsy established her subclinical status and linkage of the family to the TMD locus. Mutation analysis showed a disease‐specific, heterozygous point mutation in the last exon, Mex6, of the titin gene. This is the third mutation found in TMD and the second European family with TMD outside the Finnish population, suggesting that titinopathies may occur in various populations. Ann Neurol 2003
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