La créativité prend une place de plus en plus importante dans notre société et il est donc important de l’évaluer afin d’encourager son développement, et ceci, dès le plus jeune âge. La créativité ...est la capacité à générer des productions originales et adaptées dans leur contexte. Cet article présente le concept de haut potentiel créatif qui se distingue de celui de haut potentiel intellectuel. Nous présentons ensuite la batterie d’Évaluation du Potentiel Créatif (EPoC) qui permet d’évaluer le potentiel créatif dans deux types de pensée (divergente-exploratoire vs convergente-intégrative), et ceci dans plusieurs champs d’application (verbal-littéraire vs graphique-artistique). Les normes de cette batterie ont été développées auprès d’enfants scolarisés en école élémentaire et de nouvelles normes sont en cours de développement pour les élèves de collège (pour les domaines d’application verbal-littéraire, graphique-artistique et social). L’intérêt de cette batterie pour les psychologues et psychiatres est discuté dans le contexte du bilan psychologique et le suivi thérapeutique.
Creativity is increasingly important in our society, so it is important to evaluate it and develop it from the youngest age. Creativity refers to the ability to generate productions that are original and meaningful in their production-based context. This article presents the concept of high creative potential, which can be distinguished from high intellectual potential. We then present the Evaluation of Creative Potential (EPoC) battery, which allows creative potential to be measured in two types of thinking (divergent-exploratory vs. convergent-integrative) in several domains of application (verbal-literary vs. graphic-artistic). Norms for elementary school children are available, and new norms are under development for middle school children (for applications within the fields of verbal-literary, graphic-artistic and social domains). The interest of this battery for psychologists and psychiatrists is discussed in the context of both the psychological assessment and therapeutic tracking.
Aims. The Galileon theory belongs to the class of modified gravity models that can explain the late-time accelerated expansion of the Universe. In previous works, cosmological constraints on the ...Galileon model were derived, both in the uncoupled case and with a disformal coupling of the Galileon field to matter. There, we showed that these models agree with the most recent cosmological data. In this work, we used updated cosmological data sets to derive new constraints on Galileon models, including the case of a constant conformal Galileon coupling to matter. We also explored the tracker solution of the uncoupled Galileon model. Methods. After updating our data sets, especially with the latest Planck data and baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements, we fitted the cosmological parameters of the ΛCDM and Galileon models. The same analysis framework as in our previous papers was used to derive cosmological constraints, using precise measurements of cosmological distances and of the cosmic structure growth rate. Results. We show that all tested Galileon models are as compatible with cosmological data as the ΛCDM model. This means that present cosmological data are not accurate enough to distinguish clearly between the two theories. Among the different Galileon models, we find that a conformal coupling is not favoured, contrary to the disformal coupling which is preferred at the 2.3σ level over the uncoupled case. The tracker solution of the uncoupled Galileon model is also highly disfavoured owing to large tensions with supernovae and Planck+BAO data. However, outside of the tracker solution, the general uncoupled Galileon model, as well as the general disformally coupled Galileon model, remain the most promising Galileon scenarios to confront with future cosmological data. Finally, we also discuss constraints coming from the Lunar Laser Ranging experiment and gravitational wave speed of propagation.
AbstractIntroductionText messages are particularly popular among young people. Studies have focused on the links between writers’ unconventional spelling and literacy skills. Creativity gives the ...possibility to cope with the numerous changes people have to face. ObjectiveThe present research aimed to examine the relation between the creative potential of texters (text-message writers) and their use of textisms (a change in a word's orthographic form as compared to traditional writing). MethodTwo corpora were compiled: one of 285 elicited text messages and one of 580 naturalistic text messages produced in daily-life situations by undergraduates ( n= 29, 20–23 years of age). Two types of textisms were measured: those consistent with traditional written code and those breaking with traditional written code. Four scores of creative potential were considered: graphic divergent thinking, verbal divergent thinking, graphic integrative thinking and verbal integrative thinking. ResultsThe results showed negative correlations between the level of creativity and the density of textisms. Overall, texters who were creative in divergent thinking produced fewer textisms breaking with traditional written code. ConclusionThe results of our study are discussed with regard to the texters’ flexibility and ability to adapt or appropriately address their interlocutor.
Theoretical and phenomenological implications of
R-parity violation in supersymmetric theories are discussed in the context of particle physics and cosmology. Fundamental aspects include the relation ...with continuous and discrete symmetries and the various allowed patterns of
R-parity breaking. Recent developments on the generation of neutrino masses and mixings within different scenarios of
R-parity violation are discussed. The possible contribution of
R-parity-violating Yukawa couplings in processes involving virtual supersymmetric particles and the resulting constraints are reviewed. Finally, direct production of supersymmetric particles and their decays in the presence of
R-parity-violating couplings is discussed together with a survey of existing constraints from collider experiments.
Présentation de l'éditeur : Le XIXe siècle passe pour le siècle de l’histoire, de sociétés modernes hantées par leurs productions tant matérielles que culturelles, s’arrachant par le travail, la ...technique et la science aux contraintes de la nature. Notre ouvrage propose de montrer, à l’inverse, que les pensées sociales de la période ont entretenu d’étroits rapports avec le concept, diversement élaboré, de nature. Le socialisme est un terrain fécond pour déployer une telle relecture tant il semble éclairer – dans ses nombreuses variantes – les modalités par lesquelles la nature est appréhendée comme un moyen de penser non seulement la consistance du social mais aussi les manières d’intervenir sur lui et de le transformer.
Aims. The Galileon model is a modified gravity model that can explain the late-time accelerated expansion of the Universe. In a previous work, we derived experimental constraints on the Galileon ...model with no explicit coupling to matter and showed that this model agrees with the most recent cosmological data. In the context of braneworld constructions or massive gravity, the Galileon model exhibits a disformal coupling to matter, which we study in this paper. Methods. After comparing our constraints on the uncoupled model with recent studies, we extend the analysis framework to the disformally coupled Galileon model and derive the first experimental constraints on that coupling, using precise measurements of cosmological distances and the growth rate of cosmic structures. Results. In the uncoupled case, with updated data, we still observe a low tension between the constraints set by growth data and those from distances. In the disformally coupled Galileon model, we obtain better agreement with data and favour a non-zero disformal coupling to matter at the 2.5σ level. This gives an interesting hint of the possible braneworld origin of Galileon theory.
To determine the outcome and effect of surgical technique on limb function after surgery for rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (RCCL) and injury to the medial meniscus in Labrador Retrievers.
...Prospective clinical study.
131 Labrador Retrievers with unilateral RCCL and injury to the medial meniscus and 17 clinically normal Labrador Retrievers.
Affected dogs had partial or complete medial meniscectomy and lateral suture stabilization (LSS), intracapsular stabilization (ICS), or tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). Limb function was measured before surgery and 2 and 6 months after surgery. Treated dogs were evaluated to determine the probability that they could be differentiated from clinically normal dogs and tested to determine the likelihood that they achieved improvement.
No difference was found between LSS or TPLO groups, but dogs treated with ICS had significantly lower ground reaction forces at 2 and 6 months. Compared with clinically normal dogs only, 14.9% of LSS-, 15% of ICS-, and 10.9% of TPLO-treated dogs had normal limb function. Improvement was seen in only 15% of dogs treated via ICS, 34% treated via TPLO, and 40% treated via LSS.
Surgical technique can influence limb function after surgery. Labrador Retrievers treated via LSS, ICS, or TPLO for repair for of RCCL and medial meniscal injury managed with partial or complete meniscectomy infrequently achieve normal function. Results of LSS and TPLO are similar and superior to ICS.
Emotional well-being is particularly important in teenagers and young adults. Childhood and adolescence provide opportunities to develop the foundations for mental health and the school is an ...important mean that can enable it. It seems important to examine the evolution and differences in positive and negative emotions and experiences in adolescents and young adults in educational settings, which have received less interest in the literature. The main goal of this article (studies 2 and 3), is to explore the evolution and age and gender differences in children, adolescents and young adults and to assess on the short-term positive affects in the French school system. A second goal of this article is to assess the validity and reliability of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE, Diener et al.
2010
) in French in order to reach our main goal. The SPANE was translated and then evaluated in a sample of 1999 students. Results show adequate psychometric properties of the French version. The results of the second and third studies show that positive emotions decline and negative emotions increase and that women experience on average more negative emotions and less positive emotions than men. The overall results highlight the importance of promoting well-being during adolescence.
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