Search for the Hoyle analogue state in 16O Manna, S.; Rana, T. K.; Bhattacharya, C. ...
The European physical journal. A, Hadrons and nuclei,
2021/10, Letnik:
57, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Hoyle analogue state in
16
O was explored by inelastic scattering of 45 MeV
α
s on a Mylar target. The break up 4
α
s of
16
O have been detected in coincidence with the inelastically scattered
α
...beam particle to probe the Hoyle analogue state of
16
O in complete kinematics, for the first time. The data have been analysed for all possible configurations and the excitation function of
16
O has been reconstructed directly from 4
α
as well as for specific decay channels like
12
C(0
2
+
) +
α
,
12
C(3
1
-
) +
α
and
8
Be +
8
Be. Several previously known states have been observed above the
4
α
break-up threshold (14.44 MeV) in the above mentioned decay channels. However, the signature of the 15.1 MeV state, most preferable to be the Hoyle analogue state according to the theoretical prediction, remains inconclusive.
BACKGROUND European results of assisted reproductive techniques from treatments initiated during 2004 are presented in this eighth report. METHODS Data were mainly collected from existing national ...registers. From 29 countries, 785 clinics reported 367 066 treatment cycles including: IVF (114 672), ICSI (167 192), frozen embryo replacement (FER, 71 997), egg donation (ED, 10 334), preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGD/PGS, 2701) and in vitro maturation (IVM, 170). Overall, this represents only a marginal increase since 2003, due to a huge reduction in treatments in Germany. European data on intrauterine insemination using husband/partner’s semen (IUI-H) and donor semen (IUI-D) were reported from 20 countries. A total of 115 980 cycles (IUI-H, 98 388; IUI-D, 17 592) were included. RESULTS In 14 countries where all clinics reported to the IVF register, a total of 248 937 ART cycles were performed in a population of 261.6 million, corresponding to 1095 cycles per million inhabitants. For IVF, the clinical pregnancy rates per aspiration and per transfer were 26.6% and 30.1%, respectively. For ICSI, the corresponding rates were 27.1% and 29.8%. After IUI-H, the clinical pregnancy rate was 12.6% in women below 40. After IVF and ICSI, the distribution of transfer of 1, 2, 3 and 4 or more embryos was 19.2%, 55.3%, 22.1% and 3.3%, respectively. Compared with 2003, fewer embryos were transferred, but huge differences still existed between countries. The distribution of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI combined was 77.2%, 21.7% and 1.0%, respectively. This gives a total multiple delivery rate of 22.7% compared with 23.1% in 2003 and 24.5% in 2002. After IUI-H in women below 40 years of age, 11.9% were twin and 1.3% triplet gestations. CONCLUSIONS Compared with earlier years, the reported number of ART cycles in Europe increased and the pregnancy rates increased marginally, even though fewer embryos were transferred and the multiple delivery rates were reduced.
To analyse the trends in the prevalence of different pathogroups of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) among hospitalized acute diarrheal patients.
From the active surveillance of diarrheal disease ...at the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kolkata, 3826 stool specimens collected during 2008-2011 were screened for DEC and other enteric pathogens. PCR was used in the detection of enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic and enteroaggregative E. coli and 10 major colonization factor antigens (CFs) of enterotoxigenic E. coli. The relationship between DEC infected patient's age group and clinical symptoms were also investigated. Multiplex PCR assay showed that the prevalence of EAEC was most common (5.7%) followed by ETEC (4.2%) and EPEC (1.8%). In diarrheal children >2 year of age, EAEC and EPEC were detected significantly (p = 0.000 and 0.007, respectively). In children >2 to 5 and >5 to 14 years, ETEC was significantly associated with diarrhea (p = 0.000 each). EAEC was significantly associated with diarrheal patients with age groups >14 to 30 and >30 to 50 years (p = 0.001, and p = 0.009, respectively). Clinical symptoms such as vomiting, abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, were recorded in patients infected with ETEC. Dehydration status was severe among patients infected by ST-ETEC (19%) and EPEC (15%). CS6 was frequently detected (37%) among ETEC.
Hospital based surveillance reviled that specific pathogroups of DEC are important to certain age groups and among ETEC, CS6 was predominant.
Mixed aquo-organic solvents are used in chemical, industrial, and pharmaceutical processes along with amphiphilic materials. Their fundamental studies with reference to bulk and interfacial phenomena ...are thus considered to be important, but such detailed studies are limited. In this work, the interfacial adsorption of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS, C12H25SO4 –Na+) in dioxane–water (Dn–W) and methanol–water (Ml–W) media in extensive mixing ratios along with its bulk behavior have been investigated. The solvent-composition-dependent properties have been identified, and their quantifications have been attempted. The SDS micellization has been assessed in terms of different solvent parameters, and the possible formation of an ion pair and triple ion of the colloidal electrolyte, C12H25SO4 –Na+ in the Dn–W medium has been correlated and quantified. In the Ml–W medium at a high volume percent of Ml, the SDS amphiphile formed special associated species instead of ion association. The formation of self-assembly and the energetics of SDS in the mixed solvent media have been determined and assessed using conductometry, calorimetry, tensiometry, viscometry, NMR, and DLS methods. The detailed study undertaken herein with respect to the behavior of SDS in the mixed aquo-organic solvent media (Dn–W and Ml–W) is a new kind of endeavor.
We formulate a time-domain numerical approach to optical wave propagation based on a locally one-dimensional implicit finite-difference approximation to the two-dimensional scalar wave equation and ...show how it can be used to study the nature of wave propagation in optical and optoelectronic devices with spatial nonuniformities and disorder. The technique is particularly well suited for the visualization of complex scattering and diffraction phenomena. We estimate the influence of interface roughness in semiconductor lasers with mirrors defined by etching processes as a function of a feature depth parameter and an in-plane correlation length. The reflectivity falls off exponentially with their product for small disorder yet remains close to its unperturbed value for the disorder scale attainable with the state-of-the-art etching technology. It is also shown how this approach can be applied to the design of an optically controlled heterojunction bipolar transistor, in which the Light enters from a lateral waveguide and must be absorbed in the base-collector depletion region.
AstroSat is a multi-wavelength astronomy satellite, launched on 2015 September 28. It carries a suite of scientific instruments for multi-wavelength observations of astronomical sources. It is a ...major Indian effort in space astronomy and the context of AstroSat is examined in a historical perspective. The Performance Verification phase of AstroSat has been completed and all instruments are working flawlessly and as planned. Some brief highlights of the scientific results are also given here.
The creation and manipulation of coherence continues to capture the attention of scientists and engineers. The optical laser is a canonical example of a system that, in principle, exhibits complete ...coherence. Recent research has focused on the creation of coherent, laser-like states in other physical systems. The phonon laser is one example where it is possible to amplify self-sustained mechanical oscillations. A single mode phonon laser in a levitated optical tweezer has been demonstrated through appropriate balance of active feedback gain and damping. In this work, coherent control of the dynamics of an optical tweezer phonon laser is used to share coherence between its different modes of oscillation, creating a multimode phonon laser. The coupling of the modes is achieved by periodically rotating the asymmetric optical potential in the transverse focal plane of the trapping beam via trap laser polarization rotation. The presented theory and experiment demonstrate that coherence can be transferred across different modes of an optical tweezer phonon laser, and are a step toward using these systems for precision measurement and quantum information processing.
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