Thiacalix4arenes as a family of promising ligands have been widely used to construct polynuclear metal clusters, but scarcely employed in silver nanoclusters. Herein, an anion-templated Ag
...nanocluster (SD/Ag88a) built from p-tert-butylthiacalix4arene (H
TC4A) is reported. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that C
-symmetric SD/Ag88a resembles a metal-organic super calix comprised of eight TC4A
as walls and 88 silver atoms as base, which can be deconstructed to eight CrO
@Ag
(TC4A)(EtS)
(OAc) secondary building units arranged in an annulus encircling a CrO
in the center. Local and global anion template effects from chromates are individually manifested in SD/Ag88a. The solution stability and hierarchical assembly mechanism of SD/Ag88a are studied by using electrospray mass spectrometry. The Ag
nanocluster represents the highest nuclearity metal cluster capped by TC4A
. This work not only exemplify the specific macrocyclic effects of TC4A
in the construction of silver nanocluster but also realize the shape heredity of TC4A
to overall silver super calix.
Gliomas are the commonest and most aggressive primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to act as crucial regulators in multiple ...biological processes, including tumorigenesis. FAM83H antisense RNA1 (FAM83H‐AS1) has been uncovered to be dysregulated in several cancers. However, the biological role of FAM83H‐AS1 in glioma still needs to be investigated. Currently, our findings indicated that FAM83H‐AS1 was upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines and high level of FAM83H‐AS1 was associated with poor prognosis of glioma. Loss‐of‐function assays demonstrated that silenced FAM83H‐AS1 obviously suppressed cell proliferation via regulating the cell‐cycle distribution and cell apoptosis rate, and mechanistic experiments revealed that FAM83H‐AS1 could epidemically silence CDKN1A expression through recruiting EZH2 to the promoter of CDKN1A, thereby influencing the cell cycle and proliferation. Collectively, our findings suggested that FAM83H‐AS1 participated in the progression of glioma and might act as a potential therapeutic target and prognosis biomarker for human glioma.
FAM83H‐AS1 participated in the progression of glioma and might act a potential therapeutic target and prognosis biomarker for human glioma.
Transparent conductive electrodes, as transmission windows of photons and electrons, play important roles in high‐performance organic optoelectronic devices. The replacement of widely used indium tin ...oxide (ITO) electrodes has been attempted due to the increasing cost and intrinsically brittle characteristics of ITO. Ultrathin metal films, with excellent optoelectrical features, high flexibility, and sufficient mechanical stability, have been considered a potential candidate for the use as transparent conductive electrodes. However, ultrathin metal films follow the Volmer–Weber mechanism, resulting in a rough and discontinuous morphology with poor optoelectrical properties due to the bad adhesion to substrates. This review summarizes the progress in strategies for preparing ultrathin and ultrasmooth metal films with superior transmittance and conductivity by successfully suppressing the Volmer–Weber mechanism. The electrical and optical performances of the ultrathin metal films based on improved nucleation processes, as well as applications in ITO‐free organic optoelectronic devices, are also described and discussed in detail.
The development of ultrathin metal films with improved metal nucleation processes based on various strategies is summarized in this review. The great progress in the properties of ultrathin metal films as well as their application in indium tin oxide (ITO)‐free organic optoelectronic devices as transparent conductive electrodes are described.
Background
High‐ and low‐risk endometrial cancer (EC) differ in whether lymphadenectomy is performed. Assessment of high‐risk EC is essential for planning surgery appropriately.
Purpose
To develop a ...radiomics nomogram for high‐risk EC prediction preoperatively.
Study Type
Retrospective.
Population
In all, 717 histopathologically confirmed EC patients (mean age, 56 years ± 9) divided into a primary group (394 patients from Center A), validation groups 1 and 2 (146 patients from Center B and 177 patients from Centers C–E).
Field Strength/Sequence
1.5/3T scanners; T2‐weighted imaging, diffusion‐weighted imaging, apparent diffusion coefficient, and contrast enhancement sequences.
Assessment
A radiomics nomogram was generated by combining the selected radiomics features and clinical parameters (metabolic syndrome, cancer antigen 125, age, tumor grade following curettage, and tumor size). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomics nomogram for high‐risk EC. The surgical procedure suggested by the nomogram was compared with the actual procedure performed for the patients. Net benefit of the radiomics nomogram was evaluated by a clinical decision curve (CDC), net reclassification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).
Statistical Tests
Binary least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression, linear regression, and multivariate binary logistic regression were used to select radiomics features and clinical parameters.
Results
The AUC for prediction of high‐risk EC for the radiomics nomogram in the primary group, validation groups 1 and 2 were 0.896 (95% confidence interval CI: 0.866–0.926), 0.877 (95% CI: 0.825–0.930), and 0.919 (95% CI: 0.879–0.960), respectively. The nomogram achieved good net benefit by CDC analysis for high‐risk EC. NRIs were 1.17, 1.28, and 1.51, and IDIs were 0.41, 0.60, and 0.61 in the primary group, validation groups 1 and 2, respectively.
Data Conclusion
The radiomics nomogram exhibited good performance in the individual prediction of high‐risk EC, and might be used for surgical management of EC.
Level of Evidence
4
Technical Efficacy Stage
2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2020;52:1872–1882.
The neural mechanisms that support handwriting, an important mode of human communication, are thought to be controlled by a central process (responsible for spelling) and a peripheral process ...(responsible for motor output). However, the relationship between central and peripheral processes has been debated. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, this study examined the neural mechanisms underlying this relationship in Chinese handwriting in 36 children (mean age = 10.40 years) and 56 adults (mean age = 22.36 years) by manipulating character frequency (a central variable). Brain network analysis showed that character frequency reconfigured functional brain networks known to underlie motor processes, including the somatomotor and cerebellar network, in both children and adults, indicating that central processing cascades into peripheral processing. Furthermore, the network analysis characterized the interaction profiles between motor networks and linguistic‐cognitive networks, fully mapping the neural architecture that supports the interaction of central and peripheral processes involved in handwriting. Taken together, these results reveal the neural interface underlying the interaction between central and peripheral processes involved in handwriting in a logographic writing system, advancing our understanding of the neural basis of handwriting.
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, this study offers novel neural evidence for the interaction between central and peripheral processes in handwriting from the perspective of functional brain networks. The manipulation of a central variable induced reconfigurations of the somatomotor network and the cerebellar network, networks known to serve motor processes, in both children and adults. Furthermore, children and adults exhibited differences in internetwork connectivity between the somatomotor network and the auditory and visual networks, suggesting the development of the brain systems supporting the interaction.
Stretchable organic light-emitting devices are becoming increasingly important in the fast-growing fields of wearable displays, biomedical devices and health-monitoring technology. Although highly ...stretchable devices have been demonstrated, their luminous efficiency and mechanical stability remain impractical for the purposes of real-life applications. This is due to significant challenges arising from the high strain-induced limitations on the structure design of the device, the materials used and the difficulty of controlling the stretch-release process. Here we have developed a laser-programmable buckling process to overcome these obstacles and realize a highly stretchable organic light-emitting diode with unprecedented efficiency and mechanical robustness. The strained device luminous efficiency -70 cd A(-1) under 70% strain - is the largest to date and the device can accommodate 100% strain while exhibiting only small fluctuations in performance over 15,000 stretch-release cycles. This work paves the way towards fully stretchable organic light-emitting diodes that can be used in wearable electronic devices.
Abundant behavioral studies have demonstrated high comorbidity of reading and handwriting difficulties in developmental dyslexia (DD), a neurological condition characterized by unexpectedly low ...reading ability despite adequate nonverbal intelligence and typical schooling. The neural correlates of handwriting deficits remain largely unknown; however, as well as the extent that handwriting deficits share common neural bases with reading deficits in DD. The present work used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine brain activity during handwriting and reading tasks in Chinese dyslexic children (n = 18) and age‐matched controls (n = 23). Compared to controls, dyslexic children exhibited reduced activation during handwriting tasks in brain regions supporting sensory‐motor processing (including supplementary motor area and postcentral gyrus) and visual‐orthography processing (including bilateral precuneus and right cuneus). Among these regions, the left supplementary motor area and the right precuneus also showed a trend of reduced activation during reading tasks in dyslexics. Moreover, increased activation was found in the left inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex in dyslexics, which may reflect more efforts of executive control to compensate for the impairments of motor and visual‐orthographic processing. Finally, dyslexic children exhibited aberrant functional connectivity among brain areas for cognitive control and sensory‐motor processes during handwriting tasks. Together, these findings suggest that handwriting deficits in DD are associated with functional abnormalities of multiple brain regions implicated in motor execution, visual‐orthographic processing, and cognitive control, providing important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslexia.
NAC (NAM, ATAF and CUC) transcriptional factors constitute a large family with more than 150 members in rice and several members of this family have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in rice ...abiotic stress response. In the present study, we report the function of a novel stress-responsive NAC gene, ONAC066, in rice drought and oxidative stress tolerance.
ONAC066 was localized in nuclei of cells when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana and is a transcription activator with the binding ability to NAC recognition sequence (NACRS) and AtJUB1 binding site (JBS). Expression of ONAC066 was significantly induced by PEG, NaCl, H
O
and abscisic acid (ABA). Overexpression of ONAC066 in transgenic rice improved drought and oxidative stress tolerance and increased ABA sensitivity, accompanied with decreased rate of water loss, increased contents of proline and soluble sugars, decreased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated expression of stress-related genes under drought stress condition. By contrast, RNAi-mediated suppression of ONAC066 attenuated drought and oxidative stress tolerance and decreased ABA sensitivity, accompanied with increased rate of water loss, decreased contents of proline and soluble sugars, elevated accumulation of ROS and downregulated expression of stress-related genes under drought stress condition. Furthermore, yeast one hybrid and chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR analyses revealed that ONAC066 bound directly to a JBS-like cis-elements in OsDREB2A promoter and activated the transcription of OsDREB2A.
ONAC066 is a nucleus-localized transcription activator that can respond to multiple abiotic stress factors. Functional analyses using overexpression and RNAi-mediated suppression transgenic lines demonstrate that ONAC066 is a positive regulator of drought and oxidative stress tolerance in rice.
There is an ongoing debate about whether, and to what extent, males differ from females in their language skills. In the case of handwriting, a composite language skill involving language and motor ...processes, behavioral observations consistently show robust sex differences but the mechanisms underlying the effect are unclear. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a copying task, the present study examined the neural basis of sex differences in handwriting in 53 healthy adults (ages 19–28, 27 males). Compared to females, males showed increased activation in the left posterior middle frontal gyrus (Exner's area), a region thought to support the conversion between orthographic and graphomotor codes. Functional connectivity between Exner's area and the right cerebellum was greater in males than in females. Furthermore, sex differences in brain activity related to handwriting were independent of language material. This study identifies a novel neural signature of sex differences in a hallmark of human behavior, and highlights the importance of considering sex as a factor in scientific research and clinical applications involving handwriting.
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is a critical technology to transform aircraft navigation by improving safety and overall effectiveness in the aviation industry. However, ...overlapping of ADS-B signals is a large challenge, especially for space-based ADS-B systems. Existing traditional methods are not effective when dealing with cases that overlapped signals with small difference (such as power difference and carrier frequency difference) require to be separated. In order to generate an effective separation performance of the ADS-B signals by exploring its temporal relationship, Independently Convolutional Gated Recurrent Neural Unit (Ind-CGRU) is presented for encoder–decoder network construction. Experimental results on the dataset SR-ADSB demonstrate that the proposed Ind-CGRU achieves good performance.
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