The daily activity patterns of animals are modulated by external factors such as habitat selection, temporal niche selection, prey availability and predation risk. Furthermore, different species show ...a variety of responses to human disturbance; therefore, to understand the effects of human activities on wildlife, it is crucial to consider the disturbance characteristics (e.g. type, frequency, timing and location of human activity). Our objective was to evaluate whether vehicles on forest roads altered the daily temporal activity patterns of three apex predators; Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), the grey wolf (Canis lupus) and brown bear (Ursus arctos), using an extensive camera trap data set collected across a gradient of forest roads and wildlife trails in the Croatian part of the Dinaric mountains. We expected a low temporal overlap between humans and apex predators but predicted this even lower at sites where vehicles are present. Consistent with our expectations, the general overlap in temporal activity of all three apex predators and humans was low, the former being primarily active at night/dawn/dusk hours and the latter during daylight hours. In contrast, our results showed similarity in the temporal activity of all three predators on wildlife trails and forest roads where human activity was more frequent and diverse.
Translocations of individuals for re-introductions and population reinforcements have been increasingly used in carnivore conservation. Movement is the first behavioural response of reintroduced ...animals to “forced dispersal” in a new habitat. Our study investigated space use and movement patterns of six male Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) translocated from the Carpathian to the Dinaric Mountains and released at four different sites in Croatia and Slovenia. Data were collected during their early post-release period (i.e. three months after the release) to investigate the first behavioural response following the translocation. Released lynx were monitored with GPS-GSM-VHF telemetry collars set to collect GPS locations in intervals between 4 and 24 h. All animals settled during the study period, on average 23 days (SD = 16.5) after the release. Although outside of the monitoring period that was the focus of this study, two lynx left their first territory 102 and 92 days after their release and went on a second exploratory movement. The main movement direction of the released animals was to the NW-SE, corresponding to the orientation of the predominant ridgelines of the Dinaric Mountain range. Furthermore, by comparing the use and availability of the terrain aspect, we concluded that the lynx chose to move along the mountain range and not perpendicular to the mountain, i.e. they avoided moving uphill and downhill. First kill sites of all animals were detected on average 3.4 days (SD = 1.7) after the release. This study brought valuable theoretical and practical knowledge on the early movement behaviour of translocated lynx that should be considered when planning translocations.
Large American liver fluke (Fascioloides magna) was introduced to Europe at least twice, via invaded North American deer species. These imports resulted in formation of three permanent foci of ...fascioloidosis - Italian, Czech and Danube floodplain forests. Molecular analysis revealed that flukes in Italian foci represent separate genetic group, and that flukes from Czech and Danube foci are genetically identical. Since previous studies of genetic structure of F. magna from Croatia were based on samples collected from red deer in one limited area (Baranja), the aim of this study was to analyse genetic diversity of 111 fluke samples collected from various hosts (red, roe and fallow deer, wild boar) and geographic locations in Croatia. On 355 base pair long cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 sequence, three haplotypes were identified - previously published CO1-Ha3 and CO1-Ha4, and one new haplotype named CO1-Ha36. Results obtained in our study confirmed as expected, that F. magna in Croatia has a Danube origin and that haplotypes are shared among different final host species.
Scientific data on distribution and abundance of endangered species are the foundation for their effective conservation and management. In this paper, we present results of the first scientifically – ...based estimation of lynx population size in Croatia. The goal of the study was to determine the area of lynx distribution and to estimate the minimum size of lynx population in Croatia in the period 2018 - 2020. To determine lynx distribution, 902 signs of lynx presence were collected in the period from the beginning of May 2018 until the end of April 2020. Out of those, 92.8% of lynx observations were categorized as C1, 2.8% as C2 and 4.4% as C3. Permanent lynx presence was confirmed in Primorsko – Goranska and Ličko – Senjska county, in southern part of Karlovac county and north-eastern part of Zadar county on the total surface of 7200 km2. For the minimum population size estimation, 804 camera trap photographs led to identification of 89 – 108 adult lynxes. Among 108 identified individuals there were 29 females, 22 males, while for 7 animals the sex was not determined. During the two reproductive seasons, we photographed 44 cubs in 25 litters. Future important steps in lynx population monitoring are correcting the deficiencies identified in this study and implementation of methodology that will allow us to use spatial capture recapture models for estimation of lynx abundance in Croatia.
Znanstveni podaci o rasprostranjenosti i brojnosti temelj su za učinkovito upravljanje i zaštitu ugroženih populacija. U ovom radu predstavljamo rezultate prve znanstveno utemeljene procjene veličine populacije risa u Hrvatskoj. Cilj praćenja bio je utvrditi područje rasprostranjenosti risa i procijeniti najmanju veličinu populacije risa u
Hrvatskoj u razdoblju 2018. - 2020. godine. U svrhu utvrđivanja rasprostranjenosti populacije, prikupljena su 902 znaka prisutnosti risa
u razdoblju od 1. svibnja 2018. do 30. travnja 2020. Od toga je 92,8% podataka kategorizirano kao C1, 2,8% kao C2 i 4,4% C3. Trajna prisutnost
risa potvrđena je u Primorsko-goranskoj i Ličko-senjskoj županiji, u južnom dijelu Karlovačke županije i sjeveroistočnom dijelu Zadarske županije, na ukupnoj površini od 7200 km2. Za procjenu minimalne veličine populacije, prikupljene su 804 fotografije s fotozamki tijekom obje sezone te je identificirano 89 do 108 odraslih životinja. Među 108 identificiranih jedinki, bilo je 29 ženki, 22 mužjaka i 57 životinja nepoznatog spola. Tijekom dvije sezone fotografirali smo 44 mladunca u 25 legla. Budući važni koraci u praćenju populacije risa su ispravljanje
nedostataka utvrđenih u ovoj studiji, kako bi se omogućila procjena brojnosti korištenjem modela prostornog hvatanja i ponovnog hvatanja jedinki
Veliki američki metilj (Fascioloides magna) unesen je u Europu najmanje dva puta, uvozom sjevernoameričkih vrsta jelena. Ovi su unosi rezultirali stvaranjem triju trajnih žarišta fascioloidoze, u ...Italiji, Češkoj i u dolini rijeke Dunav. Molekularne analize potvrdile su da metilji iz Italije čine zasebnu skupinu, dok su oni s područja ostalih dvaju žarišta genetski identični. Kako su prijašnja istraživanja genske strukture metilja F. magna u Hrvatskoj temeljena na uzorcima prikupljenima od jelena običnih isključivo s područja Baranje, cilj je ovog istraživanja bio istražiti gensku raznolikost 111 uzoraka metilja prikupljenih iz različitih nositelja (jelen obični, srna, jelen lopatar i divlja svinja) i s različitih lokacija. Na slijedu citokrom-oksidaze podjedinice 1 dugoj 355 parova baza utvrđena su tri haplotipa, od čega su dva poznata – CO1-Ha3 i CO1-Ha3, te jedan novi haplotip koji do sada nije opisan u literaturi. Kao što je i očekivano, naše je istraživanje potvrdilo da metilji u Hrvatskoj potječu iz dunavskog žarišta, a identifikacija novog haplotipa ističe važnost daljnjih istraživanja.
Koliko risova živi na Velebitu? Blašković, Silvia; Hucika, Lucija; Sindičić, Magda ...
Veterinar,
12/2019, Letnik:
57., Številka:
3.
Paper
Odprti dostop
Euroazijski ris (Lynx lynx) jedna je od najugroženijih vrsta sisavaca u Hrvatskoj, a populacija je danas pred izumiranjem zbog posljedica parenja u srodstvu. Cilj je našega istraživanja bio utvrditi ...minimalan broj risova prisutnih na području Velebita jer je taj podatak nužan za učinkovito upravljanje i zaštitu populacije. Istraživanje je provedeno na području Parka prirode Velebit i Nacionalnog parka Paklenica, gdje su od 20. ožujka 2018. do 21. ožujka 2019. postavljene 54 fotozamke. Tijekom 6141 dana aktivnosti zabilježeno je 85 događaja na kojima je ris. Dobivene fotografije međusobno su uspoređene i identificirano je 16 jedinki, od kojih su u njih šest poznate obje strane tijela, u pet samo lijeva, a u pet samo desna strana tijela. Prema dobivenim rezultatima u Parku prirode Velebit i Nacionalnom parku Paklenica obitava minimalno 13 do 18 odraslih risova.
The European Committee for Future Accelerators (ECFA) Early-Career Researchers (ECR) Panel was invited by the ECFA Detector R&D Roadmap conveners to collect feedback from the European ECR community. ...A working group within the ECFA ECR panel held a Townhall Meeting to get first input, and then designed and broadly circulated a detailed survey to gather feedback from the larger ECR community. A total of 473 responses to this survey were received, providing a useful overview of the experiences of ECRs in instrumentation training and related topics. This report summarises the feedback received, and is intended to serve as an input to the ECFA Detector R&D Roadmap process.
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