The production of isolated high-energy photons accompanied by jets has been measured in deep inelastic ep scattering with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 326 pb−1. ...Measurements were made for exchanged photon virtualities, Q2, in the range 10 to 350 GeV2. The photons were measured in the transverse-energy and pseudorapidity ranges 4<ETγ<15 GeV and −0.7<ηγ<0.9, and the jets were measured in the transverse-energy and pseudorapidity ranges 2.5<ETjet<35 GeV and −1.5<ηjet<1.8. Differential cross sections are presented as functions of these quantities. Perturbative QCD predictions give a reasonable description of the shape of the measured cross sections over most of the kinematic range, but the absolute normalisation is typically in disagreement by 20–30%.
A
bstract
The cross sections for inelastic photoproduction of
J/ψ
and
ψ
′ mesons have been measured in
ep
collisions with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 468 pb
−1
...collected in the period 1996–2007. The
ψ
′ to
J/
ψ cross section ratio was measured in the range 0
.
55
< z <
0
.
9 and 60
< W <
190 GeV as a function of
W
,
z
and
p
T
. Here
W
denotes the photon-proton centre-of-mass energy,
z
is the fraction of the incident photon energy carried by the meson and
p
T
is the transverse momentum of the meson with respect to the beam axis. The
J/ψ
cross sections were measured for 0
.
1
< z <
0
.
9, 60
< W <
240 GeV and
p
T
>
1 GeV. Theoretical predictions within the non-relativistic QCD framework including NLO colour-singlet and colour-octet contributions were compared to the data, as were predictions based on the
k
T
-factorisation approach.
ZEUS inclusive diffractive-cross-section measurements have been used in a DGLAP next-to-leading-order QCD analysis to extract the diffractive parton distribution functions. Data on diffractive dijet ...production in deep inelastic scattering have also been included to constrain the gluon density. Predictions based on the extracted parton densities are compared to diffractive charm and dijet photoproduction data.
The dissociation of virtual photons,
γ
⋆
p
→
X
p
, in events with a large rapidity gap between
X and the outgoing proton, as well as in events in which the leading proton was directly measured, has ...been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The data cover photon virtualities
Q
2
>
2
GeV
2
and
γ
⋆
p
centre-of-mass energies
40
<
W
<
240
GeV
, with
M
X
>
2
GeV
, where
M
X
is the mass of the hadronic final state,
X. Leading protons were detected in the ZEUS leading proton spectrometer. The cross section is presented as a function of
t, the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex and
Φ, the azimuthal angle between the positron scattering plane and the proton scattering plane. It is also shown as a function of
Q
2
and
x
P
, the fraction of the proton's momentum carried by the diffractive exchange, as well as
β, the Bjorken variable defined with respect to the diffractive exchange.
The reduced cross sections for ep deep inelastic scattering have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA at three different centre-of-mass energies, 318, 251 and 225 GeV. From the cross ...sections, measured double differentially in Bjorken x and the virtuality, Q2, the proton structure functions FL and F2 have been extracted in the region 5×10−4<x<0.007 and 20<Q2<130 GeV2.
The exclusive photoproduction reaction γp→ϒ(1S)p has been studied with the ZEUS detector in ep collisions at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 468 pb−1. The measurement covers the kinematic ...range 60<W<220 GeV and Q2<1 GeV2, where W is the photon–proton centre-of-mass energy and Q2 is the photon virtuality. The exponential slope, b, of the t dependence of the cross section, where t is the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex, has been measured, yielding b=4.3−1.3+2.0(stat.)−0.6+0.5(syst.) GeV−2. This constitutes the first measurement of the t dependence of the γp→ϒ(1S)p cross section.
The production of beauty quarks in
ep
interactions has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA for exchanged four-momentum squared
Q
2
>10 GeV
2
, using an integrated luminosity of 363 pb
−1
. ...The beauty events were identified using electrons from semileptonic
b
decays with a transverse momentum
GeV and pseudorapidity |
η
e
|<1.5. Cross sections for beauty production were measured and compared with next-to-leading-order QCD calculations. The beauty contribution to the proton structure function
F
2
was extracted from the double-differential cross section as a function of Bjorken-
x
and
Q
2
.
Charm production in deep inelastic scattering has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 120 pb
−1
. The hadronic decay channels
D
+
→
K
S
0
π
+
, Λ
c
+
→
pK
S
...0
and Λ
c
+
→ Λ
π
+
, and their charge conjugates, were reconstructed. The presence of a neutral strange hadron in the final state reduces the combinatorial background and extends the measured sensitivity into the low transverse momentum region. The kinematic range is 0
< p
T
(
D
+
, Λ
c
+
) < 10 GeV, |
η
(
D
+
, Λ
c
+
)| < 1
.
6, 1.5 <
Q
2
< 1000 GeV
2
and 0
.
02 <
y
< 0.7. Inclusive and differential cross sections for the production of
D
+
mesons are compared to next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. The fraction of
c
quarks hadronising into Λ
c
+
baryons is extracted.
Photoproduction of beauty and charm quarks in events with at least two jets has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 133 pb
−1
. The fractions of jets ...containing
b
and
c
quarks were extracted using the invariant mass of charged tracks associated with secondary vertices and the decay-length significance of these vertices. Differential cross sections as a function of jet transverse momentum,
, and pseudorapidity,
η
jet
, were measured. The data are compared with previous measurements and are well described by next-to-leading-order QCD predictions.
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