This work charts the political, organizational, and ideological development of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad movement from its birth in the early 1980s through to the era of the Oslo Accords. Hatina ...examines the movement's growth in three stages: first, a period of political indoctrination (1981–83) in which the organization was established by a group of Gazan academics led by Fathi Abd al-Aziz al-Shiqaqi, a medical doctor, which spread the message of “militant Islam” through mosques and universities and also built a network of underground cells; second, a phase of armed confrontation (1984–87), when the movement shifted to a policy of military struggle, undertaking a series of attacks against Israeli military and civilian targets; and third, the Intifada and the transfer of the movement's center to Lebanon and Syria as “the mantle of leadership in the Islamic camp in early 1988 clearly shifted to Hamas” (p. 39) and the Islamic Jihad leadership was expelled by Israeli authorities.
Home and Homeland Boulby, Marion
American journal of Islam & society (Online),
01/1997, Letnik:
14, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The formation of Jordanian tribal and national identities is the central themeof Layne's Home and Homeland. This study focuses on the Abbadi tribes of theEast Jordan Valley and is based on extensive ...fieldwork conducted by Laynebetween 1979 and 1988. Layne's central argument is that for the Abbadi and forJordanian society in general, tribal and national identities are in dialogic relationships,deriving meaning from and conditioning one another. She challengesapproaches to Jordanian social and political identity which compartmentalizeindividuals according to rigid Palestinian/East Bank/tribal lines, arguing thatidentities are constantly shifting and being reconstructed through discoursebetween tribespeople, urbanites, the monarchy, bureaucracy, the intelligentsia,Hashemite rulers, and Western social scientists.In the introductory chapter of this work, the author reviews and assessesnotions of social identity. Layne criticizes mosaic and segmentary models ofcollective identity on two grounds: they are essentialist in tending to posit collectiveidentity in terms of social masses and they provide "pigeonhole" modelsof identity which require the presence of an observer. Here she introduces a"posture-oriented" approach to identity which "sees identity as meaning constructedon an ongoing basis through the everyday practices of making a placein the world, that is, adopting a posture in the context of changing circumstancesand uncertain contingencies."Layne devotes the next three chapters to the Abbadi tribes. She outlines significantchanges that occurred in the Jordan Valley in the twentieth century intenns of the tribes' relationship with land and state. Her case study focuses ondomestic space as an expression of how the tribespeople have constructed theirsocial entities in the context of inclusion in the Jordanian nation-state and integrationinto world capitalism. The author emphasizes the strong threads of ...
Home and Homeland Marion Boulby
American journal of Islam & society (Online),
01/1997, Letnik:
14, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The formation of Jordanian tribal and national identities is the central theme of Layne's Home and Homeland. This study focuses on the Abbadi tribes of the East Jordan Valley and is based on ...extensive fieldwork conducted by Layne between 1979 and 1988. Layne's central argument is that for the Abbadi and for Jordanian society in general, tribal and national identities are in dialogic relationships, deriving meaning from and conditioning one another. She challenges approaches to Jordanian social and political identity which compartmentalize individuals according to rigid Palestinian/East Bank/tribal lines, arguing that identities are constantly shifting and being reconstructed through discourse between tribespeople, urbanites, the monarchy, bureaucracy, the intelligentsia, Hashemite rulers, and Western social scientists. In the introductory chapter of this work, the author reviews and assesses notions of social identity. Layne criticizes mosaic and segmentary models of collective identity on two grounds: they are essentialist in tending to posit collective identity in terms of social masses and they provide "pigeonhole" models of identity which require the presence of an observer. Here she introduces a "posture-oriented" approach to identity which "sees identity as meaning constructed on an ongoing basis through the everyday practices of making a place in the world, that is, adopting a posture in the context of changing circumstances and uncertain contingencies." Layne devotes the next three chapters to the Abbadi tribes. She outlines significant changes that occurred in the Jordan Valley in the twentieth century in tenns of the tribes' relationship with land and state. Her case study focuses on domestic space as an expression of how the tribespeople have constructed their social entities in the context of inclusion in the Jordanian nation-state and integration into world capitalism. The author emphasizes the strong threads of ...
THE AUTHOR RECOUNTS THE EMERGENCE OF LE MOUVEMENT DE LA TENDANCE ISLAMIQUE IN THREE STAGES. FIRST, HE DISCUSSES THE MODERNIZING REVOLUTION INITIATED BY PRESIDENT HABIB BOURGUIBA IN THE YEARS ...FOLLOWING INDEPENDENCE. SECONDLY, HE SURVEYS THE EMERGENCE OF THE POPULAR ISLAMIC REVIVAL IN THE CONTEXT OF THE POLITICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC DISRUPTIONS FACED BY TUNISIA IN THE LATE 1960'S AND EARLY 1970'S. FINALLY, HE FOCUSES ON THE POLITICIZATION OF THE ISLAMIC REVIVAL IN THE LATE 1970'S AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN LIGHT OF INCREASED OPPOSITION TO BOURGUIBA'S AUTHORITARIAN RULE.
Doing Business in the Arab World Laroche, Lionel; Boulby, Marion
Management for strategic business ideas,
12/2000, Letnik:
74, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Doing business in the Arab world Laroche, Lionel; Boulby, Marion
CMA magazine,
12/2000, Letnik:
74, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Check before you make that stop at Duty Free to avoid embarrassment at immigration! Some Arab countries prohibit the import of alcohol. Printed matter and videos, especially containing sexually ...explicit content, may also be censored. Note that the Arab definition of "sexually explicit" may be more restrictive than yours; many Western ads that include women in revealing clothes are considered offensive in the Arab world. There are more international variations in time than simply changing zones - concepts of time change too from country to country and one of the first things you may notice is that your Arab client is not as punctual as you are! Here, patience is a virtue for two reasons: punctuality is not prized in the Arab world and the Arab may be testing your commitment to doing business with him by keeping you waiting. Canadian and Arab cultures are significantly different. Consequently, doing business in the Arab world can be quite challenging for many Canadians. It is therefore important for Canadian business people to prepare and understand the Arab priorities and thought processes.
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