SUMMARY
The resistance to mousepox is correlated with the production of type I cytokines: interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐12, interferon (IFN)‐gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐alpha. We intend to ...describe the modulation of generalized ectromelia virus (EV) infection with exogenous administration of mrIFN‐γ and mrTNF‐α separately and in combination using susceptible BALB/c mice. The treatment schemes presented resulted in the localization of the generalized EV infection and its development into non‐fatal sloughing of the infected limb. This was accompanied by low virus titres in the treated mice due to control of systemic virus replication and virus clearance. The balance of type I versus type II cytokines was dominated by a type I response in the treated groups. The group treated with the combination of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α exhibited the best survival with Th1‐dominant (IFN‐γ and IL‐12) cytokine profiles, whereas the TNF‐α‐treated group of mice was less successful in clearance of virus and demonstrated the lowest survival rate. The successful cytokine treatment schemes in this orthopoxvirus model system may have important implications in the treatment of viral diseases in humans and, in particular, of variola virus infection.
STUDY OF SAFETY OF PAROTITIS VACCINE Ignatiev, G M; Kulak, M V; Otrashevskaya, E V ...
Žurnal mikrobiologii, ėpidemiologii i immunobiologii,
2015 Nov-Dec
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Monitoring of post-vaccinal complications in children immunized with a parotitis vaccine.
Observation of 198 945 children, immunized with 16 lots of parotitis vaccine with Leningrad-3 strain (L-3), ...was carried out for 3 years. Paired samples of sera and saliva were obtained from children, in whom adverse events were registered for 42 days after vaccination. Titers of specific IgM and IgG were determined in blood sera. Analysis of nucleotide sequences of genes F, SH and NH of RNA of parotitis virus was carried out from samples of blood and saliva.
Intensive parameter of vaccine-associated aseptic meningitis under the conditions of the experiments was 0 for 100 000 immunized. Frequency of occurrence of post-vaccinal parotitis was 0.06% from the number of vaccinated--18 cases of vaccine-associated parotitis were registered and laboratory confirmed. A significant difference in specific activity was detected for 3 lots of the vaccine, that were associated with cases of development of parotitis, relative to that of 13 lots of vaccine, development of parotitis was not registered after administration of those.
The study carried out confirmed low neurovirulence of the parotitis vaccine with the L-3 strain of parotitis virus, as well as a low degree of its reactogenicity. A relatively high immunization dose of the used vaccine could be one of the reasons of development of post-vaccinal complications in part of the immunized children.
Artificial opals fabricated by sedimentation and self-assembly of colloidal SiO2 nanoparticles and annealed at different temperatures were recently considered favorable terahertz (THz) optical ...materials with manageable optical properties. However, interactions between such a porous material and water vapour in a humid atmosphere can hamper their THz applications due to the related changes in the material parameters and additional power loss. To quantify such an effect, in this paper, moisture adsorption by artificial SiO2 opals is studied using THz pulsed spectroscopy. Particularly, opals of two kinds were sedimented from the colloidal suspension of 300-nm-diameter SiO2 nanoparticles with different intraglobular structures and porosity. They were annealed at temperatures of 200–800°C aimed at changing their internal structure, porosity, and THz optical properties. Opals were dehydrated in a vacuum and then exposed to a humid atmosphere with 82.0 ± 2.0% relative humidity, while their THz complex dielectric permittivity was evaluated in situ in the 0.5–2.5 THz range. The observed changes in the THz dielectric curves were analyzed using the sum rule and the adsorption kinetics models. Our findings reveal a strong dependence of the THz dielectric response, amount of adsorbed water, and adsorption time constant on the opal type and annealing conditions. This effect has a general character: it can hamper real-live applications of a variety of porous THz optical materials and, thus, should be taken into account during their synthesis.
The level and spectrum of humoral specific immunity were studied in 60 volunteers immunized with Russian mumps vaccine. Specific IgG levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and ...neutralization test using the Leningrad-3 (L-3) mumps virus (MV) vaccine strain and 5 heterologous MV strains of various genotypes (A, B, C, D, and H). The maximum functional activity of antibodies was recorded at an average of 18 months postvaccination. Within 3 years after vaccination, starting at 6 months, specific IgG neutralized all 6 MV strains having varying activity in relation to the genotype. Neutralizing titers (NT) against the L-3 strain were 1.3-1.7-fold higher than those against heterologous MV strains throughout the follow-up. Despite a tendency towards lower specific IgG levels, within 3 years postvaccination, EIA IgG titers remained to be 2.5 -log, L-3 strain HT were -log, or more, and the titers against 5 heterologous MV strains were 2 -log2 or more in all the volunteers.
The pathogenesis of a disease caused by Qinghai-like H5N1 influenza virus in BALB/c mice was studied. Clinical, morphological, and immunological characteristics of the experimental infection caused ...by highly pathogenic A/duck/Tuva/01/06/ (H5N1) virus are described.
We study angular and frequency-angular distributions of the terahertz (THz) emission of the low-frequency region (0.3-3 THz) from a two-color femtosecond plasma spark experimentally and in ...three-dimensional numerical simulations. We investigate the dependence of the angular shapes of the THz radiation on focusing conditions and pulse durations by using two laser facilities (pulse durations 35 and 150 fs) for different focusing geometries. Our experiments and simulations show that decrease in the numerical aperture from NA ≈0.2 to NA ≈0.02 results simultaneously in (I) squeezing of the THz angular distribution and (II) formation of the bright conical emission in the THz range. The moderate focusing NA ≈0.05, which forms the relatively narrow unimodal THz angular distribution, is identified as optimal in terms of angular divergence. Numerical simulations with carrier wave resolved show that bright THz ring structures appear at the frequencies ≥2 THz for longer focuses (NA ≈0.02), while for optimal focusing conditions NA ≈0.05 the conical emission develops at THz frequencies higher than 10 THz.
Despite the long research history on the genus
Coelastrella
, its species diversity and biotechnological potential have not been fully explored. For the first time, cluster analysis of morphological ...characteristics was done in the representatives of the said genus. The results obtained have shown that morphological similarity does not necessarily indicate a molecular genetic relationship. It the light of it, the taxonomic status of species can reliably be determined using specific DNA region, such as 18S–ITS1–5.8S–ITS2. The V4 and V9 regions of gene 18S rRNA are relatively conservative fragments which are not suitable for species identification. The ITS2 can be used as a “short barcode”. Among the advanced machine methods for delimitation species, the most effective algorithm for distinguishing
Coelastrella
species was the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) method. This paper represented for the first time our comprehensive review of the works devoted to the analysis of the biotechnological potential of representatives of the genus
Coelastrella
and shows that fatty acid composition of the three main chemogroups within the studied genus differs. In the future, this may form the basis for predicting the composition of the fatty acid profile of new strains, which is important while searching for organisms with specified biotechnological properties. In conclusion, an integrative approach was employed to describe
Coelastrella affinis
sp. nov., a new species of the genus
Coelastrella
with high biotechnological potential. Also, a new description of
C. thermophila
var.
astaxanthina
comb. nov. was proposed.
Graphical abstract
SND tracking system—Tests with cosmic muons Aulchenko, V.M.; Bogdanchikov, A.G.; Botov, A.A. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
2009, 2009-1-00, Letnik:
598, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Tracking system of the SND detector is fully assembled, equipped and tested with cosmic muons in 2007. During these tests operation conditions of the system were checked and optimized and main ...parameters of the system were measured. Design values of gas gain, detection efficiency and space resolution were achieved. Tracking system is ready for installation into the SND detector and coming data taking at the VEPP-2000
e
+
e
-
-collider in Novosibirsk.
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