English
Social networks are social capital for poor women living in a slum neighborhood in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Based on neighborhood, friendship, kinship, gender and ethnic ties, informal networks ...provide social, emotional and financial support. Social network analysis is a promising method for community development and participatory social work in Africa.
French
Les réseaux sociaux représentent un capital social pour les femmes pauvres qui vivent dans les bidonvilles à Addis-Abeba, en Ethiopie. Basés sur des liens de voisinage, d’amitié, de parenté, de genre et de culture, les réseaux informels apportent un soutien social, affectif et financier. L’analyse du réseau social est une méthode prometteuse pour le développement communautaire et le travail social participatif en Afrique.
Spanish
Las redes sociales son de suma importancia para las mujeres pobres que viven en los barrios de pocos recursos de Addis Abeba, Etiopía. Basadas en barrios, amistades, relaciones, géneros y lazos étnicos, las redes informales proveen ayuda social, emocional y financiera. El análisis de las redes sociales es un método promisorio para el desarrollo de las comunidades y el trabajo social participativo en África.
International exchanges and travel and study projects have been gaining popularity in many fields including social work. Embedded in a group context, the success of these initiatives depends heavily ...on the group process of all members involved. This article analyzes the impact group dynamics have on an international travel and study project that brought 11 doctoral students and their dean from Ethiopia for a one-month experiential education program. A model of group development, which emphasizes behavioral outcomes in groups (forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning), is presented as an organizing framework. The discussion draws on a qualitative analytical study, which revisits Tuckman's model, and proposes a revised model that defines group development stages by individual, group, purpose, and work concerns that drive conflict throughout all group stages. Implications for social work education include de-emphasizing stages of group development, being mindful about what is known about small groups, and improving empirical research and training for leading international groups.
This review summarizes and critiques the empirical ethical decision-making literature from 1996-2003. One hundred and seventy-four articles were published in top business journals during this period. ...Tables are included that summarize the findings by dependent variable - awareness, judgment, intent, and behavior. We compare this review with past reviews in order to draw conclusions regarding trends in the ethical decision-making literature and to surface directions for future research.
Neutron multiplicity counting is an established method to estimate the spontaneous fission rate, and therefore also the plutonium mass for example, in a sample that includes other neutron sources. ...The extent to which the sample and detector obey the “point model” assumptions impacts the estimate's total measurement error, but, in nearly all cases, for the random error contribution, it is useful to evaluate the variances of the second and third reduced sample moments of the neutron source strength. Therefore, this paper derives exact expressions for the variances and covariances of the second and third reduced sample moments for either randomly triggered or signal-triggered non-overlapping counting gates, and compares them to the corresponding variances in simulated data. Approximate expressions are also provided for the case of overlapping counting gates. These variances and covariances are useful in figure of merit calculations to predict assay performance prior to data collection. In addition, whenever real data are available, a bootstrap method is presented as an alternate but effective way to estimate these variances.
Researchers living and working in Africa face a number of challenges in making sure that the results of their research find a route to their colleagues elsewhere. This article articulates some of the ...many challenges that researchers from the Global South face in publication and research. Suggestions are made for the possible transformation of relationships between academia in the Global North and those of the Global South.
Under the Cover of Books Butterfield, Alice K.
Journal of community practice,
04/2011, Letnik:
19, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Several years ago, just after the fall of the totalitarian government of Romania in 1989, I had the opportunity to travel to Romania. The communist regime of Nicolai Ceausescu had banned books from ...Western countries for 30 years. Social work education was about to start in the country, but with no books to support it. In discussing this situation, I will never forget what one woman said to me: "A few books in our specialty is more than we could dream." That statement is still true in the South, a term used to describe developing countries. Books take a back seat to articles published in peer-reviewed journals in the North, a term that refers to developed countries. Tenure in social work and related disciplines largely stands on the number and quality of published articles. The assumption is that peer review guarantees that scholarship published in journals meets some standard of excellence in research methods, and that work contributes to the larger body of knowledge residing in the literature. The absence of peer review relegates books to second-class citizen status in the development of knowledge. Preferably, after obtaining tenure, one goes on to write a book. However, in disciplines such as the humanities and languages, standards are different. The contribution of a major book often serves as the evidence of excellence in scholarship, giving weight for promotion and tenure in academia. My purpose here is not to dismiss completely the value of peer review, but to point out that perhaps more is made of the process than it merits. Adapted from the source document.
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