Abstract The objective of this work was to propose a new stopping criterion to shorten the computing time of the PampaPlus genetic improvement software, while maximizing the genetic qualification ...index (GQI) of the progeny, controlling inbreeding, and avoiding unintended culling. Data from two beef-cattle herds integrating PampaPlus were used. Five mating scenarios were built using different numbers of sires (9 to 37) and dams (142 to 568). The analyzed algorithm inputs were: expected progeny differences, pedigree information, maximum inbreeding, maximum and minimum number of matches for each sire, and penalty weights for poor performance. The analyzed response variables were computing time and the GQI of the progenies. Three stopping criteria were used: original stopping criterion fixed at 1,000 iterations; saturation stopping criterion (SSC), based on GQI variance; and Bhandari’s stopping criterion (BSC), which includes the generation interval parameter. SSC and BSC reduced processing time in 24.43-53.64% and in 14.32-50.87%, respectively. BSC reaches solution in less time, without losses in GQI quality. BSC is generalizable and effective to reduce the processing time of mating recommendations.
Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor um novo critério de parada para diminuir o tempo de processamento do programa de melhoramento genético PampaPlus, além de maximizar o índice de qualificação genética (GQI) da progênie, controlar a endogamia e evitar o descarte não intencional. Foram utilizados dados de dois rebanhos integrantes do PampaPlus. Cinco cenários de acasalamento foram elaborados com diferentes números de touros (9 a 37) e vacas (142 a 568). Os dados analisados foram: diferenças esperadas na progênie, informações de pedigree, máxima endogamia, número máximo e mínimo de acasalamentos por touro, e penalidades para desempenho inferior. As variáveis analisadas foram tempo de processamento e o GQI das progênies. Foram utilizados três critérios de parada: critério de parada original, fixado em 1.000 iterações; critério de parada por saturação (SSC), baseado na variância do GQI; e critério de parada de Bhandari (BSC), que inclui o parâmetro de intervalo de gerações. O SSC e o BSC reduziram o tempo de processamento em 24,43-53,64% e em 14,32-50,87%, respectivamente. O BSC atinge solução em menos tempo, sem perda da qualidade do GQI. O BSC é generalizável e efetivo em reduzir o tempo de processamento das recomendações de acasalamento.
Pultruded rods of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) are excellent alternative materials to steel tendons for the anchoring of deep-sea oil drilling floating platforms. However, the ageing of the ...rods for use as tension leg in platforms operating in harsh and unusual offshore conditions, and degradation mechanisms associated with these materials should be investigated. In this work, a systematic study was carried out aiming at evaluating how accelerated ageing affects the performance of pultruded CFRP rods, focusing on microstructure, tensile behavior, and thermal and chemical stability. CRFP rods with epoxy and with vinylester resins were evaluated. Rods were aged in hot distilled water, in hot seawater, and in UV radiation wheatherometer camera. Degradation was more severe in the vinyl-ester rods based on tensile strength and stiffness results. Deterioration of the fiber-matrix interface and consequent fiber debonding was the main failure mechanism. The vinyl-ester rods presented higher water uptake than the epoxy rods in both distilled water and seawater, and lower mechanical strength after exposed in the latter. In general, the epoxy resin CFRP rods were more resistant to the ageing processes evaluated.
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•The present investigation has shown encouraging results regarding the use of pultruded rods under severe conditions.•Microscopic analysis was used to identify damage mechanisms under different ageing conditions.•Strength of carbon fiber/epoxy rods was more affected after immersion in seawater, but not with UV radiation.
A ceratoconjuntivite infecciosa bovina (CIB) é considerada a doença ocular de maior importância na criação de bovinos, causando perdas significativas tanto no rebanho afetado quanto para o produtor. ...Por se tratar de uma doença infectocontagiosa é necessário que as formas de diagnóstico sejam aprimoradas. Atualmente, o diagnóstico para CIB é realizado por meio da avaliação dos sinais clínicos por um especialista e confirmados por exames laboratoriais, o que geralmente é uma tarefa custosa e demorada. Neste trabalho, é avaliada a utilização da termografia infravermelha para aquisição de imagens da região ocular bovina de animais sadios e infectados pela CIB e, a partir disso utilizar essa base de imagens no treinamento e validação de um conjunto de redes neurais convolucionais (RNC), com o intuito de identificar se o animal está ou não infectado em novas amostras. Foram utilizadas 4.938 imagens termográficas da região ocular bovina no processo de treinamento e validação de cinco arquiteturas distintas de RNC, as quais foram avaliadas utilizando validação cruzada. Os melhores resultados obtidos neste trabalho indicam que as RNC são capazes de classificar corretamente os sinais clínicos da CIB em imagens termográficas com uma taxa de acurácia próxima de 80%.
Background:
Anterior knee pain is a frequent condition after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), but its origin remains uncertain. Studies have suggested that donor site morbidity in ...autologous bone–patellar tendon–bone reconstructions may contribute to patellofemoral pain, but this does not explain why hamstring tendon reconstructions may also present with anterior pain.
Purpose:
To evaluate the prevalence of anterior knee pain after ACLR and its predisposing factors.
Study Design:
Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.
Methods:
We evaluated the records of all patients who underwent ACLR between 2000 and 2016 at a private facility. The prevalence of anterior knee pain after surgery was assessed, and possible risk factors (graft type, patient sex, surgical technique, range of motion) were evaluated.
Results:
The records of 438 patients (mean age, 30 years) who underwent ACLR were analyzed. Anterior knee pain was found in 6.2% of the patients. We found an increased prevalence of anterior knee pain with patellar tendon graft, with an odds ratio of 3.4 (P = .011). Patients who experienced extension deficit in the postoperative period had an odds ratio of 5.3 of having anterior pain (P < .001). Anterior knee pain was not correlated with patient sex or surgical technique.
Conclusion:
The chance of having anterior knee pain after ACLR was higher when patellar tendon autograft was used compared with hamstring tendon graft, as well as in patients who experienced extension deficit in the postoperative period.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous disease affecting the epithelium of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. Conditions of most patients are diagnosed at late stages of ...the disease, and no sensitive and specific predictors of aggressive behavior have been identified yet. Therefore, early detection and prognostic biomarkers are highly desirable for a more rational management of the disease. Hypermethylation of CpG islands is one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms that leads to gene silencing in tumors and has been extensively used for the identification of biomarkers. In this study, we combined rapid subtractive hybridization and microarray analysis in a hierarchical manner to select genes that are putatively reactivated by the demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5Aza-dC) in HNSCC cell lines (FaDu, UM-SCC-14A, UM-SCC-17A, UM-SCC-38A). This combined analysis identified 78 genes, 35 of which were reactivated in at least 2 cell lines and harbored a CpG island at their 5′ region. Reactivation of 3 of these 35 genes (CRABP2, MX1, and SLC15A3) was confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR; fold change, ≥3). Bisulfite sequencing of their CpG islands revealed that they are indeed differentially methylated in the HNSCC cell lines. Using methylation-specific PCR, we detected a higher frequency of CRABP2 (58.1% for region 1) and MX1 (46.3%) hypermethylation in primary HNSCC when compared with lymphocytes from healthy individuals. Finally, absence of the CRABP2 protein was associated with decreased disease-free survival rates, supporting a potential use of CRABP2 expression as a prognostic biomarker for HNSCC patients.
Eventos científicos são instrumentos fundamentais para divulgação e popularização da ciência e do conhecimento desenvolvido dentro de instituições de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. O Encontro de ...Ciência e Tecnologia do IFSul, Campus Bagé, que visa a divulgação das pesquisas de sua comunidade acadêmica e também abre espaço para outras instituições da região. Visando identificar os autores que fizeram a história do evento, realizou-se uma pesquisa documental nos Anais das edições deste evento. Sobre os dados coletados, aplicou-se a estratégia de Análise de Redes Sociais, através da qual foram identificados os autores e comunidades de autoria que mais contribuíram com a consolidação deste evento. Descobriu-se também, a importância de outras instituições da região como parceiras para o evento e para o desenvolvimento científico na região da campanha. Espera-se que através deste estudo, se possa contribuir para o aprimoramento das políticas de divulgação do evento e que com isso haja um aumento em seu alcance na região.
Eventos científicos são instrumentos fundamentais para divulgação e popularização da ciência e do conhecimento desenvolvido dentro de instituições de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. O Encontro de ...Ciência e Tecnologia do IFSul, Campus Bagé, que visa a divulgação das pesquisas de sua comunidade acadêmica e também abre espaço para outras instituições da região. Visando identificar os autores que fizeram a história do evento, realizou-se uma pesquisa documental nos Anais das edições deste evento. Sobre os dados coletados, aplicou-se a estratégia de Análise de Redes Sociais, através da qual foram identificados os autores e comunidades de autoria que mais contribuíram com a consolidação deste evento. Descobriu-se também, a importância de outras instituições da região como parceiras para o evento e para o desenvolvimento científico na região da campanha. Espera-se que através deste estudo, se possa contribuir para o aprimoramento das políticas de divulgação do evento e que com isso haja um aumento em seu alcance na região.
To determine effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment combined with stretching and strengthening exercises in the cervical region on pain and disability in individuals with non-specific ...chronic neck pain.
90 adults with non-specific chronic neck pain were randomized to either exercises group (EG, n = 45) or osteopathic manipulative treatment associated with exercises group (OMT/EG, n = 45). The primary outcomes were obtained by the use of Numeric Pain-Rating Scale (NPRS), Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) and Neck Disability Index (NDI). Secondary outcomes included range of motion (ROM) for cervical spine rotation, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire Work/Physical Activity (FABQ-W/PA) and Pain-self efficacy at two different moments: baseline and 4 weeks after the first treatment. Techniques and dosages of OMT were selected pragmatically by a registered osteopath. Generalized Estimating Equations model (GEE), complemented by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) and the intention-to-treat analysis, was used to assess the clinical outcomes.
Analysis with GEE indicated that OMT/EG reduced pain and disability more than the EG alone after 4 weeks of treatment with statistically significant difference (p < 0,05), as well as cervical active rotation was significantly improved (p = 0.03). There were no between-group differences observed in Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) measure, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and Pain-self efficacy.
The association between OMT and exercises reduces pain and improves functional disability more than only exercise for individuals with non-specific chronic neck pain.
•The combination of osteopathic manipulative treatment and exercise is effective for patients with chronic neck pain.•The results support this treatment combination for pain reduction and improved function.•Exercise and OMT has also been shown to be helpful in the management of neck pain.
Atypical presentations of cutaneous leishmaniasis include sporotrichoid leishmaniasis (SL), which is clinically described as a primary ulcer combined with lymphangitis and nodules and/or ulcerated ...lesions along its pathway.
To assess the differences between patients with sporotrichoid leishmaniasis and typical cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL).
From January 2004 to December 2010, 23 cases of SL (4.7%) were detected among 494 CL patients diagnosed at a reference center for the disease in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. These 23 cases were compared with the remaining 471 patients presenting CL.
SL predominated in female patients (60.9%, p = 0.024), with older age (p = 0.032) and with lesions in upper limbs (52.2%, p = 0.028). CL affected more men (64.5%), at younger age, and with a higher number of lesions exclusively in lower limbs (34.8%).
Differences in clinical and epidemiological presentation were found between SL patients as compared to CL ones, in a region with a known predominance of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The results are similar to the features of most of the sporotrichosis patients as described in literature, making the differential diagnosis between ATL and sporotrichosis more important in overlapping areas for both diseases, like in Rio de Janeiro State.
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