Plants subjected to postharvest abiotic stresses synthesize secondary metabolites with health-promoting properties. Here, we report the potential use of carrots (Daucus carota) as biofactories of ...caffeoylquinic acids when subjected to wounding and hyperoxia stresses. Wounding stress induced an increase of ∼287% in total phenolic content (PC) in carrots stored for 48 h at 20 °C. This increase was higher (∼349%) in the wounded tissue treated with hyperoxia stress. To further understand the physiological role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a signaling molecule for the stress-induced accumulation of phenolics in carrots, the respiration rate as well as the enzymatic activities of NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase were evaluated. Likewise, shredded carrots were treated with diphenyleneiodonium chloride solution to block NADPH oxidase ROS productions, and the phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity and total PC were evaluated. Results demonstrated that ROS play a key role as a signaling molecule for the stress-induced accumulation of PC in carrots.
Based on the microscopic hyperspectral imaging technique, an optical batch inspection method has been proposed by the authors to efficiently and precisely obtain the absolute emission spectra of red ...(R), green (G), and blue (B) Mini-/Micro-light-emitting diodes (Mini-/Micro-LEDs). The RGB Mini-LEDs (with a chip area of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">200\,\,\mu \text{m}\,\,\times 100\,\,\mu \text{m} </tex-math></inline-formula>) based array is selected for carrying out this experiment. Via the proposed method, the photometric and colorimetric properties of each Mini-LED pixel could be derived in detail. In this proposed method, an optimized Canny-based algorithm has been used for quickly detecting the effectively emitting area in the collected hyperspectral images, thus saving more time for workers. While compared with the traditional integrating-sphere-based method, the measured data between the proposed method and traditional method are in fairly good consistence, with their maximum deviation of < 3.2%. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) and chromaticity coordinates of each Mini-LED are acquired at the temperature ranging from 300 K to 340 K by the proposed method. Three RGB Micro-LEDs (with a chip area of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">10\,\,\mu \text{m}\,\,\times 10\,\,\mu \text{m} </tex-math></inline-formula>) based arrays are also selected for the optical batch detection, and the pseudocolor maps of normalized electroluminescence (EL) intensity for RGB Micro-LEDs are analyzed. Finally, the optical crosstalk of RGB Mini-LEDs is quantitatively defined and analyzed. The optical crosstalk effects are more prominent for red Mini-LEDs than the other two. Results indicate that the proposed method has shown potential applications in the field of Mini-/Micro-LEDs' batch inspection.
Four withanolides (1–4) and two sucrose esters (5, 6) were isolated from the aerial parts of Physalis neomexicana. The structures of 1–6 were elucidated through a variety of spectroscopic techniques. ...Cytotoxicity studies of the isolates revealed that 2 inhibited human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) with IC50 values of 1.7 and 6.3 μM, respectively.
Withanolide Artifacts Formed in Methanol Cao, Cong-Mei; Zhang, Huaping; Gallagher, Robert J ...
Journal of natural products (Washington, D.C.),
11/2013, Letnik:
76, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Methanol solutions of the main withanolides (6–8) naturally present in Physalis longifolia yielded five artificial withanolides (1–5), including three new compounds (1–3). Withanolides 1 and 2 were ...identified as intramolecular Michael addition derivatives, while withanolides 3–5 were the result of intermolecular Michael addition. A comprehensive literature investigation was conducted to identify potential withanolide Michael addition artifacts isolated from Solanaceous species to date.
Withanolides from Physalis coztomatl Zhang, Huaping; Cao, Cong-Mei; Gallagher, Robert J. ...
Phytochemistry (Oxford),
January 2015, 2015-Jan, 2015-01-00, 20150101, Letnik:
109
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Six withanolides were isolated from Physalis coztomatl (Solanaceae). The structure of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Display omitted
•Eight withanolides 1–8 were isolated from Physalis ...coztomatl (Solanaceae).•Physacoztolides 1–6 are highly oxygenated.•The structure of withanolide 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.•Coagulansin A reported in the literature contains a 17α-hydroxy moiety rather than the reported 17β-hydroxy functionality.
Six withanolides (1–6), as well as two known withanolides (physachenolide D 7 and withanoside VI 8), were isolated from the aerial parts of Physalis coztomatl (Solanaceae). Structural elucidations of 1–6 were achieved through 2D NMR and other spectroscopic techniques, while the structure of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. In addition, the stereochemical orientation of the 17-hydroxy group in withanolides was discussed in relation to 13C NMR shifts of C-12, 13, 14 and 16. Such analysis established that coagulansin A contains a 17α-hydroxy moiety rather than the reported 17β-hydroxy functionality, and has been revised accordingly.
To date, our work on solanaceous species (Datura wrightii, Jaborosa caulescens, Physalis hispida, Physalis longifolia, Vassobia breviflora and Withania somnifera) has resulted in the isolation of 65 ...withanolides, 31 of which were new, as well as the semi-synthesis of a further 30 withanolides. Structure identification and MTS assay-based antiproliferative evaluation of these 95 compounds revealed that a Δ
2
-1-oxo functionality in ring A, in conjunction with either a 5β,6β-epoxy or 5α-chloro-6β-hydroxy moiety in ring B, is the minimum structural requirement for withanolides to produce potent cytotoxic activity. Such structure-activity relationship analysis also revealed that oxygenation (the -OH or -OR groups) at C-4, 7, 11 and 12, as well as C-14 to C-28, did not contribute towards the observed antiproliferative activity. Herein, we present a complete overview of our work as it relates to the withanolides reported from 1965 to 2013.
Low-temperature conditioning of garlic “seed” cloves accelerated the development of the crop cycle, decreased plant growth, and increased the synthesis of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in the ...outer scale leaves of the bulbs at harvest time, leading to 3-fold content increase compared with those conditioned at room temperature. Cold conditioning of “seed” cloves also altered the anthocyanin profile during bulb development and at harvest. Two new anthocyanins are reported for the first time in garlic. The high phenolics and anthocyanin contents in bulbs of plants generated from “seed” cloves conditioned at 5 °C for 5 weeks were preceded by overexpression of some putative genes of the phenolic metabolism 6-fold for phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and anthocyanin synthesis 1-fold for UDP-sugar:flavonoid 3-O-glycosyltransferase (UFGT) compared with those conditioned at room temperature.
Withanolides from Physalis hispida Cao, Cong-Mei; Zhang, Huaping; Gallagher, Robert J ...
Journal of natural products (Washington, D.C.),
03/2014, Letnik:
77, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Nine new withanolides (1–9), withahisolides A–I, were isolated along with nine known compounds (10–18) from the aerial parts of Physalis hispida. The structures of 1–9 were elucidated through a ...variety of spectroscopic techniques, while the structures of 1 and 2 were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 1–3 are the first withanolides with nonaromatic six-membered ring D moieties. In addition, withanolide 8 represents a novel withanolide skeleton due to the absence of a C-13–C-17 bond within the steroidal nucleus.
Withanolides (1 and 2) were isolated from Jaborosa caulescens var. bipinnatifida (Solanaceae). The structure of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
•Four withanolides 1–4 were isolated from ...Jaborosa caulescens var. bipinnatifida (Solanaceae).•2,3-Dihydrotrechonolide A (1) and 2,3-dihydro-21-hydroxytrechonolide A (2) are uncommon.•The structure of withanolide 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Withanolides 2,3-dihydrotrechonolide A (1) and 2,3-dihydro-21-hydroxytrechonolide A (2) were isolated along with two known withanolides trechonolide A (3) and jaborosalactone 39 (4) from Jaborosa caulescens var. bipinnatifida (Solanaceae). The structures of 1–2 were elucidated through 2D NMR and other spectroscopic techniques. In addition, the structure of withanolide 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
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