Muir-Torre syndrome is a rare, inherited disease predisposing of gastrointestinal and cutaneous tumours, such as keratoacanthomas and sebaceous gland adenomas. Muir-Torre syndrome is usually ...inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and associated with mutations in the mismatch repair genes, predominantly in MLH1 and MSH2 genes. This report describes a man who has multiple adenomatous colon polyps, a gastric cancer, multiple colorectal cancers and sebaceous adenomas caused by biallelic
MYH
germline mutations. This finding demonstrates that
MYH
gene analysis should be considered in Muir-Torre families where no mismatch repair gene mutations have been found. Furthermore, this report contributes to characterize the clinical phenotype caused by biallelic mutations in
MYH
gene, which may share with other hereditary colon cancer syndromes.
Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary condition that increases the risk for endometrial and other cancers. The identification of endometrial cancer (EC) patients with LS has the potential to ...influence life-saving interventions. We aimed to study the prevalence of LS among EC patients in our population. Methods Universal screening for LS was applied for a consecutive series EC. Tumor testing using microsatellite instability (MSI), immunohistochemistry (IHC) for mismatch-repair (MMR) protein expression and MLH1-methylation analysis, when required, was used to select LS-suspicious cases. Sequencing of corresponding MMR genes was performed. Results One hundred and seventy-three EC (average age, 63 years) were screened. Sixty-one patients (35%) had abnormal IHC or MSI results. After MLH1 methylation analysis, 27 cases were considered suspicious of LS. From these, 22 were contacted and referred for genetic counseling. Nineteen pursued genetic testing and eight were diagnosed of LS. Mutations were more frequent in younger patients (<50 yrs). Three cases had either intact IHC or MSS and reinforce the need of implement the EC screening with both techniques. Conclusion The prevalence of LS among EC patients was 4.6% (8/173); with a predictive frequency of 6.6% in the Spanish population. Universal screening of EC for LS is recommended.
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