•Low sodium probiotic Minas cheese added with arginine.•Suitable probiotic survival and gastrointestinal resistance.•Elevated short and medium chain fatty acids levels.•Improved flavor and overall ...acceptance.
The partial substitution of sodium chloride by potassium chloride (0%, 25%, and 50%) and addition of arginine (1% w/w) in probiotic Minas cheese was investigated. Microbiological (Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus counts, and functionality of the prebiotics L. acidophilus), physicochemical (pH, proteolysis, organic acids, fatty acids, and volatile profiles), rheological (uniaxial compression) and sensory (hedonic test with 100 consumers) characterizations were carried out. The sodium reduction and addition of arginine did not constitute a hurdle to lactic and probiotic bacteria survival, with presented values of about 9logCFU/g, ranging from 7.11 to 9.21logCFU/g, respectively. In addition, lower pH values, higher proteolysis, and a decrease in toughness, elasticity and firmness were observed, as well as an increase in lactic, citric, and acetic acid contents. In contrast, no change was observed in the fatty acid profile. With respect to the sensory acceptance, the probiotic low-sodium Minas cheese presented scores above 6.00 (liked slightly) for the attributes flavor and overall acceptance. The addition of arginine can be a potential alternative for the development of probiotic dairy products with reduced sodium content.
► Yogurt manufactured with increased levels of oligofructose. ► Weak gel, showing thixotropy and pseudoplastic behavior was observed. ► Survival analysis methodology indicated addition of 2.58% ...wt.v−1 of oligofructose.
The addition of prebiotics such as oligofructose to yogurt can result in a product with consumer benefits, since they stimulate growth of benefic bacteria present in the intestine and also provide a low calorie product, since one can add less sugar to the formulation due to their sweetening power. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing concentrations of oligofructose addition on physicochemical, rheological and microbiological characteristics of non-flavored yogurt. Furthermore, it was investigated the reaction of consumers with the use of the survival analysis methodology. The addition of oligofructose showed no influence on the pH, proteolysis or the viability of Streptococcus thermophilus or Lactobacillus bulgaricus during 28days of refrigerated storage (p>0.05). According to rheological measurements the yogurt supplemented with oligofructose was characterized as a weak gel, showing thixotropic and pseudoplastic behavior. Survival analysis was used to investigate consumer responses with respect to different levels of supplementation of plain yogurt with oligofructose (0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% wt.v−1). Using the survival analysis and considering a rejection by 25% of the consumers, the level of oligofructose that can be added to the yogurt was shown to be 2.58% wt.v−1.
Dulce de leche samples available in the Brazilian market were submitted to sensory profiling by quantitative descriptive analysis and acceptance test, as well sensory evaluation using the ...just-about-right scale and purchase intent. External preference mapping and the ideal sensory characteristics of dulce de leche were determined. The results were also evaluated by principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, partial least squares regression, artificial neural networks, and logistic regression. Overall, significant product acceptance was related to intermediate scores of the sensory attributes in the descriptive test, and this trend was observed even after consumer segmentation. The results obtained by sensometric techniques showed that optimizing an ideal dulce de leche from the sensory standpoint is a multidimensional process, with necessary adjustments on the appearance, aroma, taste, and texture attributes of the product for better consumer acceptance and purchase. The optimum dulce de leche was characterized by high scores for the attributes sweet taste, caramel taste, brightness, color, and caramel aroma in accordance with the preference mapping findings. In industrial terms, this means changing the parameters used in the thermal treatment and quantitative changes in the ingredients used in formulations.
•Requeijão cremoso processed cheese manufactured with galactooligossacharide.•Absence of effect at pH values and gross composition.•Increased the consistency index, pseudoplastic and solid-like ...behavior.•GOS addition proportionate opposites effects on T2,1and T2,2 values.•Increased GOS addition enhanced the aroma and flavor.
The addition of galactooligosaccharide, (GOS, 0, 1.5, 3 or 4g/100g) on the quality parameters of requeijão cremoso was investigated. Chemical characteristics (pH, moisture, fat and protein), color (L*, a*, b*), water mobility by TD- nuclear magnetic resonance, rheology (flow curve and oscillatory tests), microstructure and sensory acceptance (consumer test) were evaluated. The addition of GOS provided a denser and compact structure and reduced number and size of fat globules. Increased GOS level (3 and 4g/100g) improved the softness and spreadability (decrease of G′, G″ and apparent viscosity and an increase of tan δ and melting index) and impacted positively on the aroma and taste of the requeijão cremoso. Overall, the addition of GOS in requeijão cremoso was proved to be a potential and interesting technological option.
The performance of different chemometric approaches to discriminate artisanal and industrial pork sausages using traditional physicochemical parameters was investigated. A total of 90 samples of ...sausages marketed in various supermarkets and open-markets in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were analyzed for their content of moisture, protein, fat, nitrite, sodium and calcium. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used as exploratory methods, while linear and non-linear classification methods, such as k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA) and artificial neural networks (ANN) were used for assessing the data. Different behaviors for all parameters were analyzed between the classes. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis did not show a complete discrimination of the samples. KNN and ANN results showed excellent performance for both categories with 100% correct prediction while SIMCA and PLSDA presented performance of 100% and 85.7% for inspected and artisanal sausages, respectively. According to the SIMCA, PLSDA and ANN, the contents of moisture and fat showed the highest discriminative power. Overall, the findings emphasize the use of multivariate techniques to evaluate the quality of processed foods, as pork sausages.
•Discrimination of artisanal and inspected sausages by chemometric methods and artificial neural networks.•The k-NN and ANN results showed excellent performance for both categories with 100% correct prediction.•Moisture and fat were variables presented the most discriminatory power.
Exposure to oxygen may induce a lack of functionality of probiotic dairy foods because the anaerobic metabolism of probiotic bacteria compromises during storage the maintenance of their viability to ...provide benefits to consumer health. Glucose oxidase can constitute a potential alternative to increase the survival of probiotic bacteria in yogurt because it consumes the oxygen permeating to the inside of the pot during storage, thus making it possible to avoid the use of chemical additives. This research aimed to optimize the processing of probiotic yogurt supplemented with glucose oxidase using response surface methodology and to determine the levels of glucose and glucose oxidase that minimize the concentration of dissolved oxygen and maximize the Bifidobacterium longum count by the desirability function. Response surface methodology mathematical models adequately described the process, with adjusted determination coefficients of 83% for the oxygen and 94% for the B. longum. Linear and quadratic effects of the glucose oxidase were reported for the oxygen model, whereas for the B. longum count model an influence of the glucose oxidase at the linear level was observed followed by the quadratic influence of glucose and quadratic effect of glucose oxidase. The desirability function indicated that 62.32ppm of glucose oxidase and 4.35ppm of glucose was the best combination of these components for optimization of probiotic yogurt processing. An additional validation experiment was performed and results showed acceptable error between the predicted and experimental results.
The effect of partial substitution of NaCl with KCl and the flavor enhancers addition (arginine, yeast extract and oregano extract) on Probiotic Prato cheese processing with (L. casei 01, 7logCFU/mL) ...was investigated. Microbiological (lactic acid bacteria and probiotic counts), physicochemical (proximate composition, pH, proteolysis), bioactivity (antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity), rheological (uniaxial compression and creep tests), water mobility (time domain low field magnetic resonance), microstructure (scanning electron microscopy) and sensory evaluation (consumer test) were performed. Sodium reduction and flavor enhancers addition did not constitute an obstacle to the survival of lactic and probiotic bacteria. Proximate composition, antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity, and the rheological parameters were affected by the addition of flavor enhancer. No change in the fatty acid profile of cheeses was observed while good performance in the consumer test was obtained by the addition of yeast extract and oregano extract. Prato cheese can be an adequate carrier of probiotics and the addition of different flavor enhancers can contribute developing this functional product in the cheese industry.
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•Low sodium probiotic Prato cheese added with flavor enhancers.•Adequate probiotic survival and gastrointestinal resistance.•Increased ACE inhibitory and antioxidant activity.•No effect on the fatty acid profile.•Increased overall liking.
This work investigated the effect of the addition of different antioxidants (ascorbic acid, glucose oxidase, cysteine, and jabuticaba extract) on the rheological and sensorial properties of the ...probiotic petit suisse cheese. Absence of influence of the antioxidants at the physico-chemical characteristics of the petit suisse cheese was observed. Overall, the petit suisse cheeses presented weak gel characteristics and behaved as pseudoplastic material, except for control. All treatments exhibited a thixotropic non-Newtonian behavior; however, higher hysteresis area was obtained for control sample, which indicates that antioxidants incorporated to petit suisse had a protective effect on the typical thixotropic behavior of the Quark gel. The commercial sample presented higher scores for all aspects by consumers, whereas the probiotic petit suisse samples presented opposite behavior. Projective mapping was able to generate a vocabulary where the sample containing jabuticaba skin extract obtained by supercritical extraction was characterized by the panelists as presenting grape flavor and purple color.
This research evaluated the action of jabuticaba skin extract (JSE) obtained through supercritical extraction compared with the antioxidants ascorbic acid, cysteine chloride, and glucose oxidase ...along probiotic Petit Suisse cheese processing. Physico-chemical analyses (pH, proteolysis, antioxidant activity, organic acids, and fatty acid profile) and microbiological (starter culture and probiotic culture counts) were carried out over 28days of refrigerated storage. Addition of JSE on Petit Suisse was variable and dependent of the evaluated parameters with satisfactory findings in consumer test. However, the supplementation of probiotic Petit Suisse with JSE should be evaluated with care.
•Jabuticaba skin extract added during the probiotic Petit Suisse processing•Increased antioxidant activity, organic acids content α-linolenic acid values and postacidification•No effect in Bifidobacterium lactis counts and minor decrease in Lactobacillus acidophilus counts•Satisfactory performance in consumer test
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