In this case-control study we determined whether dietary differences underlie some of the ethnic and sex differences in US lung cancer rates. We examined the relationship between diet and lung cancer ...development in 137 lung cancer cases (93 African Americans and 44 Mexican Americans) and 187 controls (78 African Americans and 109 Mexican Americans). Cases reported a higher daily mean total fat intake (p 0.001), whereas controls had a higher daily mean intake of dietary fiber (p 0.001) and fruits (p
A study of fatty-acid ratios in French fries has proved to be an excellent choice for an entry-level research class. This research develops reasoning skills and involves the subject of breast cancer, ...a major concern of American society. Analysis of tumor samples removed from women with breast cancer revealed high ratios of linoleic to linolenic acid, suggesting a link between the accelerated growth of breast tumors and the combination of these two fatty acids. When the ratio of linoleic to linolenic acid was approximately 9 to 1, accelerated growth was observed. Since these fatty acids are found in cooking oils, Wichita Collegiate students, under the guidance of their chemistry teacher, decided that an investigation of the ratios of these two fatty acids should be conducted. A research class was structured using a gas chromatograph for the analysis. Separation of linoleic from linolenic acid was successfully accomplished. The students experienced inductive experimental research chemistry as it applies to everyday life. The structure of this research class can serve as a model for high school and undergraduate college research curricula.
Female problem drinkers are less likely than men to be identified in the primary care setting. The authors studied 24 adult women attending a general, internal medicine clinic to assess the ...efficiency of self-reports of alcohol consumption when compared with physician identification and other measures and the impact of a brief intervention on alcohol consumption. Despite the high rate of lifetime (79%) and current (67%) alcohol diagnoses, no patient was in alcohol treatment. Physician identification of alcohol problems was least sensitive but most specific, when compared with other measures. Brief intervention, as offered in this study, did not appear to modify alcohol consumption.
The in vitro activities of a series of quassinoids against Plasmodium falciparum, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis and Toxoplasma gondii have been compared with their in vitro cytotoxic ...effects against KB cells (human epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx). All of the compounds tested were more toxic to KB cells than to G. intestinalis, but four (ailanthinone, bruceine D, brusatol and glaucarubinone) were slightly less toxic to KB cells than to E. histolytica. Glaucarubinone was similarly more toxic to intracellular T. gondii than to KB cells but ailanthinone was more selective (36 times more toxic to T. gondii than to KB cells). All of the compounds were more toxic to P. falciparum than to KB cells; the most selective quassinoids--glaucarubinone, bruceine D, ailanthinone and brusatol--were found to have toxicity/activity ratios of 285, 76, 48 and 32 respectively. These results suggest that quassinoids have a selective action on P. falciparum. Further studies to elucidate the basis for this are in progress.
The most common causes of α-thalassemia are deletions that remove one or both of the functional α-globin genes. In addition, more than 30 different point mutations and small deletions insertions have ...been reported for the α-globin genes. Here, we describe two new mutations occurring in exon 2 of the α1-globin gene. One mutation is an insertion of 21 bp that gives rise to a predicted α-globin chain containing a duplication of amino acid residues 93-99. The second mutation is a 33 bp deletion resulting in a predicted α-globin chain that is missing amino acid residues 64-74. Neither mutation results in a detectable hemoglobin variant, indicating that the variant α-globin chains are highly unstable. Carriers of these mutations have mild microcytosis and the phenotype of α+-thalassemia trait.
We describe a family from Bangladesh in which three children are compound heterozygotes for Hb E (alpha 2 beta 2, beta 26Glu Lys) and Hb Lepore (delta-beta fusion gene). PCR amplification and direct ...nucleotide sequencing established that the fusion gene is Hb LeporeHollandia, with the cross-over localized to a 40 bp window between codon 22 and IVS-1 nt 16 of the delta- and beta-globin genes. This unusual combination of mutations is associated with a relatively mild clinical phenotype, with all three affected siblings having microcytic anemia of moderate severity without the need for transfusions.
In this paper, we design an algorithm of computing a constrained multiple sequence alignment (CMSA) for guaranteeing that the generated alignment satisfies the user-specified constraints that some ...particular residues should be aligned together If the number of residues needed to be aligned together is a constant a, then the time-complexity of our CMSA algorithm for aligning K sequences is /spl Oscr/(/spl alpha/Kn/sup 4/), where n is the maximum of the lengths of sequences. In addition, we have build up such a CMSA software system and made several experiments on the RNase sequences, which mainly function in catalyzing the degradation of RNA molecules. The resulting alignments illustrate the practicability of our method.
Bilateral cryptococcal choroiditis Fine, Howard F; Chang, Margaret A; Dunn, Jr, James P
Archives of ophthalmology (1960),
11/2004, Letnik:
122, Številka:
11
Journal Article
PDF
