Abstract
Background
Nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD), which is prevalent among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), is considerably different from diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in terms of the ...pathological features, treatment strategy and prognosis. Although renal biopsy is the current gold-standard diagnostic method, it cannot be routinely performed due to a range of risks. The aim of this study was to explore the predictors for differentiating NDKD from DKD to meet the urgent medical needs of patients who cannot afford kidney biopsy.
Methods
This is a retrospective study conducted by reviewing the medical records of patients with type 2 DM who underwent percutaneous renal biopsy at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University between January 2017 and May 2021. The demographic data, clinical data, blood test results, and pathological examination results of the patients were obtained from their medical records. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive factors for NDKD.
Results
A total of 244 patients were analyzed. The median age at biopsy was 55 (46, 62) years. Patients diagnosed with true DKD, those diagnosed with NDKD and those diagnosed with NDKD superimposed DKD represented 48.36% (118/244), 45.9% (112/244) and 5.74% (14/244), respectively, of the patient population. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy was the most common type of lesion in those with NDKD (59, 52.68%) and NDKD superimposed DKD (10, 71.43%). Independent predictive indicators for diagnosing NDKD included a DM duration of less than 5 years (odds ratio OR = 4.476; 95% confidence interval CI: 2.257–8.877;
P
< 0.001), an absence of diabetic retinopathy (OR = 4.174; 95% CI: 2.049–8.502;
P
< 0.001), a high RBC count (OR = 1.901; 95% CI: 1.251–2.889;
P
= 0.003), and a negative of urinary glucose excretion test result (OR = 2.985; 95% CI: 1.474–6.044;
P
= 0.002)..
Conclusions
A DM duration less than 5 years, an absence of retinopathy, a high RBC count and an absence of urinary glucose excretion were independent indicators for the diagnosis of NDKD, suggesting that patients with NDKD may require a different treatment regimen than those with DKD.
Surface electroactive sites for tungstate zirconia (WZ) were created by utilizing tungstate-immobilized UiO-66 as precursors via a double-solvent impregnation method under a mild calcination ...temperature. The WZ-22-650 catalyst, containing a moderate W content (22%), demonstrated a high density of surface electroactive sites. Proper heat treatment facilitated the binding of oligomeric tungsten clusters to stabilized tetragonal ZrO2, resulting in improved catalytic performance toward the VO2+/VO2 + redox couples compared to other tested samples. The substantial surface area, mesoporous structure, and establishment of new W–O–Zr bonds affirm the firm anchoring of WO x to ZrO2. This robust attachment enhances surface electroactive sites, elevating the electrochemical performance of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). Charge–discharge tests further demonstrate that the superior voltage efficiency (VE) and energy efficiency (EE) for VRFBs using the WZ-22-650 catalyst are 87.76 and 83.94% at 80 mA cm–2, which are 13.42% VE and 10.88% EE better than heat-treated graphite felt, respectively. Even at a higher current density of 160 mA cm–2, VRFBs utilizing the WZ-22-650 catalyst maintained considerable efficiency, recording VE and EE values of 76.76 and 74.86%, respectively. This facile synthesis method resulted in WZ catalysts displaying superior catalytic activity and excellent cyclability, offering a promising avenue for the development of metal-oxide-based catalysts.
Efficacy of minimally invasive craniopuncture with the YL-1 puncture needle (hard-channel) and soft drainage tube (soft-channel) in treating hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).
A total of ...150 patients with HICH were randomly assigned into 3 groups: conservative group (n = 50), hard-channel group (n = 50), and soft-channel group (n = 50). Computed tomography, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and in drainage fluid were examined on days 2, 4, and 6 after operation.
Compared with the conservative group, the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA were decreased and SOD was increased (P < 0.05); volumes of hematoma and perihematomal edema as well as NIHSS were reduced (P < 0.05) in minimally invasive groups on days 7, 14, and 28 after operation. Compared with the hard-channel group, the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, and SOD showed the same trend as above in the soft-channel group. In the soft-channel group, MDA was reduced and SOD was increased in brain drainage fluid on days 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.05); volumes of hematoma and perihematomal edema on days 14 and 28 were found to be reduced compared with the hard-channel group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of volumes of hematoma and perihematomal edema on day 7 between minimally invasive groups. NIHSS of the soft-channel group appeared to be significantly reduced on days 7, 14, and 28 after operation (P < 0.05).
Soft-channel minimally invasive craniopuncture is an ideal technique for treating HICH, with advantages of alleviating cerebral edema, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting inflammatory response.
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a prevalent disease characterized by low back pain. Increasing extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and decreasing nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) apoptosis are ...promising strategies to recover degenerated NP. LIM mineralization protein- (LMP-) 1 has anti-inflammatory potential and is a promising gene target for the treatment of NP degeneration. In this study, we measured the expression of LMP-1 in the NP of patients. Then, we constructed LMP-1-overexpressing NPCs using lentiviral vectors and investigated the effects of LMP-1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ECM synthesis in NPCs. The results showed that LMP-1 was highly expressed in the NP of patients. LMP-1 overexpression significantly increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis in NPCs. The expression of collagen II and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) in NPCs was also upregulated after LMP-1 was overexpressed. Moreover, we demonstrated that LMP-1 decreased apoptosis of NPCs by inhibiting NF-κB signaling activation. These findings suggest that LMP-1 plays an essential role in mediating apoptosis in NPCs by regulating NF-κB signaling and can be used as a gene target for the treatment of IDD.
Developing bifunctional non-precious metal electrocatalysts toward hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acid is seriously challenged in various applications, ...such as hydrogen purifiers, fuel cells, and water electrolyzers. Here, we report the development of CoSe2/CeO2 nanocomposite electrocatalyst improved by electrochemical tuning for efficient HOR and HER in acid. Electrochemical tuning is shown to generate Ce3+, Co3+, and oxygen vacancies on the surface of the nanocomposite, which are considered as active sites for the adsorption and desorption of hydrogen species. The tuned catalyst (t-CoSe2/CeO2) indicates an impressive activity towards HOR and HER in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, achieving an anodic current density of 1.8 mA cm−2 at 900 rpm and cathodic overpotential of 61 mV, respectively, outperforming the commercial Pt/C. Besides, the synthesized electrocatalyst delivers favorable HOR/HER durability. Our results suggest that the surface manipulation of CoSe2/CeO2 nanocomposite could provide promising insights for substituting precious electrocatalysts for HOR/HER.
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•Electrochemical tuning creates defects on nanocomposite electrocatalysts.•The t-CoSe2/CeO2 indicates impressive HOR and HER performance in acid.•The improved electrocatalytic activity is due to ionic and oxygen vacancies.•The t-CoSe2/CeO2 can potentially replace the precious metal catalysts.
This study demonstrates a two-step approach for the synthesis of a cobalt phosphoselenide nanobelt (H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB) that has excellent activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction over a wide pH ...range (0–14), exhibiting low overpotentials of 112, 261, and 391 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 M H2SO4, 1 M KOH, and 1 M phosphate-buffered solution, respectively. Conversely, the H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB can be used for the oxygen evolution reaction in basic media, for which its electrochemical performance is superior to that of a platinum catalyst. When a H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB is used on both sides of a single electrolysis cell, almost no degradation occurs at various constant potentials for 12 h period. Its high performance, electrode stability, and easy synthesis suggest that the H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB is an efficient and economic electrocatalyst for water electrolysis.
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•H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB is synthesized by hydrothermal followed by CVD method.•Electrocatalytic activities of H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB for HER and OER are studied.•Synergistic effect of H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB and CoP enhances the performance.•H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB performs low overpotentials in 0.5 M H2SO4,1 M KOH, and 1 M PBS.•H–CoSe(2−x)Px NB is stable in 0.5 M H2SO4 at 10–40 mA cm−2 more than 12 h.
ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to investigate the association between serum albumin concentration and the risk of cardiac arrest in critically ill patients with end-stage renal disease in the ...intensive care unit (ICU).DesignThis was a secondary analysis.SettingThe Phillip electronic-ICU collaborative database from 2014 to 2015.ParticipantsThis study included 4990 critically ill patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe exposure of interest was serum albumin concentration. The outcome variable was cardiac arrest.ResultsA non-linear relationship was observed between serum albumin concentration and risk of cardiac arrest, with an inflection point of 3.26 g/dL after adjusting for potential confounders. The effect sizes and the CIs on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 0.88 (0.65 to 1.19) and 0.32 (0.16 to 0.64), respectively.ConclusionsWithin an albumin range of 3.26–5.6 g/dL, each 1 g/dL increase in serum levels is associated with a 68% decrease of the risk of cardiac arrest in critically ill patients with end-stage renal disease.
Background and aimShort sleep duration is a risk factor of cardiovascular disorder; however, the association between short sleep duration and carotid atherosclerosis has not been completely ...characterised. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between short sleep duration and carotid atherosclerosis.MethodsWe used the cross-sectional data collected between May 2014 and July 2014, which were based on a cardiovascular disease cohort study including 3798 participants aged 40 years and older who are residents of Beijing, China. We used logistic regression models to examine the associations between sleep duration and carotid atherosclerosis.ResultsAfter the adjustment of covariates, short sleep duration (less than 5 hours per night) was found to be associated with carotid atherosclerosis, and it also elevated the risk of, in both terms, the increment of prevalence (OR=1.31, P<0.05) and the quantity of carotid plaques (OR=1.28, P<0.05). When age was also taken into consideration, the largest association, in both terms of prevalence (OR=3.46, P<0.01) and the number of carotid plaques (OR=4.23, P<0.01), was found in subjects over the age of 60 with short sleep duration.ConclusionIn conclusion, sleep duration less than 5 hours per night is associated with a higher risk of carotid atherosclerosis compared with subjects who sleeps for 5 or over 5 hours per night, and the association may be modified by age.
DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A) mutations were widely believed to be independently associated with inferior prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. As dominant ...missense alterations in DNMT3A mutations, R882 mutations cause the focal hypomethylation phenotype. However, there remains debate on the influence of R882 mutations on AML prognosis. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed at further illustrating the prognostic power of DNMT3A R882 mutations in AML patients.Eligible studies were identified from 5 databases containing PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Clinical Trials, and the Cochrane Library (up to October 25, 2015). Effects (hazard ratios HRs with 95% confidence interval CI) of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were pooled to estimate the prognostic power of mutant DNMT3A R882 in overall patients and subgroups of AML patients.Eight competent studies with 4474 AML patients including 694 with DNMT3A R882 mutations were included. AML patients with DNMT3A R882 mutations showed significant shorter RFS (HR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.24-1.59, P < 0.001) and OS (HR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.17-1.86, P = 0.001) in the overall population. DNMT3A R882 mutations predicted worse RFS and OS among the subgroups of patients under age 60 (RFS: HR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.25-1.66, P < 0.001; OS: HR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.15-1.90, P = 0.002), over age 60 (RFS: HR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.40-2.93, P < 0.001; OS: HR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.36-2.53, P < 0.001), cytogenetically normal (CN)-AML (RFS: HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.26-1.83, P < 0.001; OS: HR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.16-2.41, P = 0.006), and non-CN-AML (RFS: HR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.20-3.21, P = 0.006; OS: HR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.52-4.15, P = 0.0038).DNMT3A R882 mutations possessed significant unfavorable prognostic influence on RFS and OS in AML patients.
This work is aimed at studying the hydrogen–copper precipitate interaction in a martensitic steel. Analysis of hydrogen thermal desorption revealed that precipitation of copper particles enhances the ...hydrogen trapping capability of tempered copper-containing martensitic steel. Moreover, precipitation of copper could make hydrogen retain longer in the steel, indicating a retarded diffusion of hydrogen. Copper precipitates as a hydrogen trapping site were observed to preserve an activation energy of 35.6 kJ mol
−1
by Choo-and-Lee method after release for 4 h at room temperature. This value is higher than the activation energy of dislocation. Moreover, tempered steel with copper particles displayed better resistance to hydrogen embrittlement in notched, slow-strain-rate tensile tests.
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