Mobile ad hoc network is a network composed of mobile terminals without infrastructure. Due to its fast-networking ability, it is widely used in smart cities, car networking, military, agriculture, ...medicine, and other fields. Routing technology is a key technology in the field of MANET (mobile ad hoc network). The energy consumption is optimized through the technical network simulator NS-3, and the nodes in the MANET routing protocol can accurately simulate the problem, thereby optimizing the MAC layer of important research tools. This article combines the advantages of the lithium-ion (lithium) battery model. Compared with the KiBaM battery model, the effective charge in the KiBaM model simulates the output voltage well, which can reflect the battery capacity effect rate and the recovery effect of the lithium-ion-KiBaM battery model. The model can respond to the characteristics of the output voltage as the society gets lower and lower. In order to solve the problem that the analytic solution of differential equations cannot be obtained in the model, a numerical solution of the optimization algorithm is proposed based on the implicit Runge–Kutta method. The MAC layer energy consumption and routing protocol optimization algorithm proposed in this paper can be applied well in various fields.
Purpose and background Previous studies have suggested that promoting endogenous neurogenesis has great significance for the recovery of cognitive dysfunction caused by cerebral ischemia (CI). ...Pharmacological inhibition of GABA.sub.B receptor can enhance neurogenesis in adult healthy and depressed mice. In the study, we intended to investigate the effects of GABA.sub.B receptor antagonists on cognitive function and hippocampal neurogenesis in mice following CI. Methods Adult mice were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 20 min to induce CI and treated with CGP52432 (antagonist of GABA.sub.B receptor, CGP, 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection) starting 24 h after CI. The Morris water maze test was performed to test spatial learning and memory at day 28. Immunofluorescence was applied to detect neurogenesis in the DG region at day 14 and 28. In in vitro experiments, cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 and immunofluorescence, and the expression of cAMP/CREB signaling pathway-related proteins was detected by ELISA assay and Western blot. Results CGP significantly improved spatial learning and memory disorders caused by CI, and it enhanced the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs), the number of immature neurons, and the differentiation from newborn cells to neurons. In vitro experiments further confirmed that CGP dose-dependently enhanced the cell viability of NSCs, and immunofluorescence staining showed that CGP promoted the proliferation of NSCs. In addition, treatment with CGP increased the expression of cAMP, PKA, and pCREB in cultured NSCs. Conclusion Inhibition of GABA.sub.B receptor can effectively promote hippocampal neurogenesis and improve spatial learning and memory in adult mice following CI. Keywords: GABA.sub.B receptor, Cerebral ischemia, Neurogenesis, Cognitive function, Neural stem cells
Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke is beneficial within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, but the effect rapidly decreases over time, necessitating quick diagnostic in-hospital work-up. ...Initial time strain occasionally results in treatment of patients with an alternate diagnosis (stroke mimics). We investigated whether intravenous thrombolysis is safe in these patients.
In this multicenter observational cohort study containing 5581 consecutive patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis, we determined the frequency and the clinical characteristics of stroke mimics. For safety, we compared the symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II ECASS-II definition) rate of stroke mimics with ischemic strokes.
One hundred stroke mimics were identified, resulting in a frequency of 1.8% (95% confidence interval, 1.5-2.2). Patients with a stroke mimic were younger, more often female, and had fewer risk factors except smoking and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack. The symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rate in stroke mimics was 1.0% (95% confidence interval, 0.0-5.0) compared with 7.9% (95% confidence interval, 7.2-8.7) in ischemic strokes.
In experienced stroke centers, among patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis, only a few had a final diagnosis other than stroke. The complication rate in these stroke mimics was low.
Neuroinflammation is pivotal in the development of neuropathic pain (NeP). While mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) are recognized for inducing ...inflammation in various neurological disorders, their involvement in NeP remains ambiguous. In this study, we examined: (1) the changes in mtDNA and cGAS in mice with NeP induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve, whether mtDNA triggers inflammation via the cGAS signaling; (2) the effects of RU.521, a cGAS antagonist, on CCI-induced nociception (allodynia and hyperalgesia) and relative inflammatory protein expression; (3) the activation of microglia and the cGAS-IFN pathway mediated by mtDNA in BV2 cell; (4) the effect of RU.521 on mtDNA-induced inflammatory response in BV2 cells. Results revealed reduced mtDNA levels in the sciatic nerve but increased levels in the spinal cord of CCI mice, along with elevated cGAS expression and inflammatory factors. RU.521 alleviated nociceptive behaviors in CCI mice, possibly by normalizing cGAS levels and suppressing inflammation. Neuron-derived mtDNA provoked cellular activation and upregulated cGAS signaling in BV2 cells. Additionally, RU.521 and DNase I effectively inhibited cGAS-induced inflammation. These findings underscore the critical role of mtDNA accumulation and mtDNA-mediated cGAS signaling in NeP development after peripheral nerve injury.
With the development of construction industry in China, the demand for construction concrete materials has increased in recent years, and the urbanization process strongly recommends the phenomenon ...that the natural recovery rate is less than the utilization rate while the river sand is overexploited. Marine resources are relatively abundant. The existing sea sand has naturally become a substitute for river sand. In this paper,to compared with the cement mortar formed by desalination sea sand and ordinary river sand mortar, we studied its physical properties, working performance tests and durability performance.Meanwhile, the basic performance and durability properties of mortar prepared by modified sea sand mixed with fly ash were studied.The results showed that for desalinated sea sand cement mortar increased chemical ions corrosion resistance.The setting time shortened,the mechanical properties of specimens decreased.After adding fly ash as modification experiments,the working properties and durability significantly improved.The mechanical properties of modified sea sand cement mortar enhanced.Then the micro-structure of the modified sea sand cement mortar was observed through SEM so as to further explain the reasons for the influence of performance changes and provided reference for future research on sea sand concrete.
Cooling systems provide a safe thermal environment for the reliable operation of IT equipment in data centers (DCs) while generating significant energy consumption. Therefore, to achieve energy ...savings in cooling system control under dynamic thermal distribution in DCs, this paper proposes a multi-setpoint cooling control approach based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Firstly, a thermal model based on the XGBoost algorithm is constructed to precisely evaluate the thermal distribution in the rack room to guide real-time cooling control. Secondly, a multi-set point cooling control approach based on the deep Q-network algorithm (DQN-MSP) is designed to finely regulate the supply air temperature of each air conditioner by capturing the thermal fluctuations to ensure the dynamic balance of cooling supply and demand. Finally, we adopt the extended CloudSimPy simulation tool and the real workload trace of the PlanetLab system to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed approach. The simulation results show that the proposed control solution effectively reduces the cooling energy consumption by over 2.4% by raising the average air supply temperature of the air conditioner while satisfying the thermal constraints.
Abstract
In laser-driven inertial confinement fusion, driving pressure boosting and smoothing are major challenges. A proposed hybrid-drive (HD) scheme can offer such ideal HD pressure performing ...stable implosion and nonstagnation ignition. Here we report that in the hemispherical and planar ablator targets installed in the semicylindrical hohlraum scaled down from the spherical hohlraum of the designed ignition target, under indirect-drive (ID) laser energies of ~43–50 kJ, the peak radiation temperature of 200 ± 6 eV is achieved. And using only direct-drive (DD) laser energies of 3.6–4.0 kJ at an intensity of 1.8 × 10
15
W/cm
2
, in the hemispherical and planar targets the boosted HD pressures reach 3.8–4.0 and 3.5–3.6 times the radiation ablation pressure respectively. In all the above experiments, significant HD pressure smoothing and the important phenomenon of how a symmetric strong HD shock suppresses the asymmetric ID shock pre-compressed fuel are demonstrated. The backscattering and hot-electron energy fractions both of which are about one-third of that in the DD scheme are also measured.
Based on ZY-3 high resolution satellite image and digital elevation model (DEM), the authors obtained volcanic geomorphology features in Aershan volcanic region by means of satellite image ...interpretation, the relief degree of surface and surficial-slope analysis. According to the results of the study, 19 Quaternary volcanos were found. They could be divided into five categories. The landforms can be divided into four classes according to relief degree of surface. Low position middle mountain is the main type (39.61%), followed by low position low mountain (36.24%). 80% of the long axis direction of the elliptical volcanic cones are ranging from 45° to 75° with a median value of 58.5°. It is parallel to the NE-trending volcanic chain of Xiaodonggou volcano-Shihaogou basin volcano-Yanshan-Gaoshan. The horseshoe-shaped craters are in the direction of NE, SW and NW. The median difference between NE and SW horseshoe-shaped craters is about 180°. The NW horseshoe craters are almost parallel to NW faults. The author
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of different activator -to-solid ratios on water consumption, setting time, fluidity, adhesion properties, bulk density and mechanical properties ...at standard consistency. The microstructural mechanisms of metakaolin geopolymer were also investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The experimental results showed that for the different activator to solid ratios and mix designs used in this paper, higher ratios enhanced the fluidity, consistency, and setting time. Besides, the standard consistency water consumption of the metakaolin polymer mortar was reduced. SEM and FT-IR tests revealed macroscopic phenomena where the polyaluminum silicate structure improved with increasing activator -to-solids ratios. Excessive sodium silicate reduced strength, thus affecting mechanical properties.
Although emerging evidence has revealed that LHPP, a histidine phosphatase protein, suppresses the progression of different cancers, a pan-cancer analysis still remains unavailable. Therefore, we ...first utilized different bioinformatics tools to explore the tumor inhibitory role of LHPP protein across 33 tumor types based on the TCGA project. Additionally, HGC-27 gastric cancer cells were used to evaluate the biological functions of LHPP after stable transfection with lentiviruses. Consequently, LHPP mRNA and protein expression were down-regulated in the most cancer tissues corresponding to normal tissues. The data showed that patients with higher LHPP performance had a better prognosis of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in brain glioma and renal carcinoma. In addition, we found that enhancement of LHPP expression attenuated the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. The expression levels of cell-cycle-related and EMT-related molecules, such as CDK4, CyclinD1, Vimentin and Snail, were clearly reduced. Moreover, a genetic alteration analysis showed that the most frequent mutation types in LHPP protein was amplification. The patients without LHPP mutation showed a better tendency of prognosis in UCEC, STAD and COAD. Cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration was also observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, stomach adenocarcinoma and testicular germ cell tumors. In summary, our pancancer analysis among various tumor types could provide a comprehensive understanding of LHPP biological function in the progression of malignant diseases and promote the development of novel therapeutic targets.
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