We examine the time varying nature of integration and the patterns of contagion of asset portfolios over five recent crisis periods including the global financial crisis and the European debt crisis. ...We investigate a large sample of 30,838 common stocks from thirty one markets across the globe establishing the key differences in the transmission of shocks between country, and firm-level characteristic constructed or style portfolios. Our findings point to distinct differences in the impact on integration and level of contagion from each crisis. Style portfolios exhibit notably shifts in both global and regional integration between states. There is widespread evidence of contagion effects during the global crisis while the impact of the Mexican and Asian crises is limited to regional effects.
•We utilise a global sample of nearly 31,000 firms across 31 markets and examine the timevarying nature of integration and the patterns of contagion for style portfolios over four recent crisis periods.•We document key differences in the impact of crisis periods on both the level of integration and comovement and the evidence of contagion.•There are distinct differences in the prevalence of contagion across various style portfolios with the global financial crisis impacting most styles including large, value and illiquid portfolios across most regions.•The Mexican and Asian crises have only limited regional effects.
Objectives: Sulforaphane, a major ingredient isolated from Brassica oleracea var. italica (broccoli), is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic effects. In this study, we ...employed an in vitro model of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and a23187 (PMACI)-stimulated human mast cells (HMC-1 cells) to investigate the anti-allergic inflammatory effects and mechanisms of sulforaphane and Brassica oleracea var. italica extracts.
Methods: Cytokine levels were measured by ELISA and quantitative real-time-PCR methods. Caspase-1 activity was determined by caspase-1 assay. Binding mode of sulforaphane within caspase-1 was determined by molecular docking simulation. Protein expression was determined by Western blotting.
Results: Water extract of Brassica oleracea var. italica (WE) significantly reduced thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) secretion and caspase-1 activity on activated HMC-1 cells. In the molecular docking simulation and in vitro caspase-1 assays, sulforaphane regulated caspase-1 activity by docking with the identical binding site of caspase-1. Sulforaphane significantly inhibited the levels of inflammatory mediators including TSLP, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoblotting experiments revealed that sulforaphane and WE reduced translocation of NF-κBp65 into the nucleus and phosphorylation of IκBα in the cytosol. Furthermore, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) was down-regulated by treatment with sulforaphane or WE.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that sulforaphane and WE have anti-allergic inflammatory effects by intercepting caspase-1/NF-κB/MAPKs signaling pathways.
Although battery-free gas sensors (e.g., photovoltaic or triboelectric sensors) have recently appeared to resolve the power consumption issue of conventional chemiresistors, severe technical barriers ...still remain. Especially, their signals varying under ambient conditions such as light intensity restrict the utilization of these sensors. Insufficient sensing performances (low response and slow sensing rate) of previous battery-free sensors are also an obstacle for practical use. Herein, a photovoltaic hydrogen (H2)-sensing platform having constant sensing responses regardless of light conditions is demonstrated. The platform consists of two photovoltaic units: (1) a palladium (Pd)-decorated n-IGZO/p-Si photodiode covered with a microporous zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) film and (2) a device with the same configuration, but without the Pd catalyst as a reference to calibrate the base current of sensor (1). The platform after calibration yields accurate response values in real time regardless of unknown irradiance. Besides, the sensing performances (e.g., sensing response of 1.57 × 104% at 1% H2 with a response time <15 s) of our platform are comparable with those of the conventional resistive H2 sensors, which yield unprecedented results in photovoltaic H2 sensors.
In the embedded device market, custom hardware platforms such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) are attractive thanks to their high ...performance and power efficiency. However, its huge design costs make it challenging for manufacturers to timely launch new devices. High-level synthesis (HLS) helps significantly reduce the design costs by automating the translation of service algorithms into hardware logics; however, current HLS compilers do not fit well to embedded devices as they fail to produce area-efficient solutions while supporting concurrent events from diverse peripherals such as sensors, actuators and network modules. This paper proposes a new thread-aware HLS compiler named DURO that produces area-efficient embedded devices. DURO shares commonly-invoked functions and operators across different callers and threads with a new thread-aware area cost model, and thus effectively reduces the logic size. Moreover, DURO supports a variety of device peripherals by automatically integrating peripheral controllers and interfaces as peripheral drivers. The experiment results of six embedded devices with ten peripherals demonstrate that DURO reduces the area and energy dissipation of embedded devices by 28.5% and 25.3% compared with the designs generated by the state-of-the-art HLS compiler. This work also implements FPGA prototypes of the six devices using DURO, and the measurement results show 65.3% energy saving over Raspberry Pi Zero with slightly better computation performance.
In article number 1700368, Taeyoon Lee, and Wooyoung Shim, and co‐workers propose a fundamentally simple method of fabricating capacitor arrays, that can outperform their costly counterparts, ...manufactured via microfabrication. The capacitor array, made by ubiquitous activity from our daily lives, namely, writing on a paper with a pencil, is used as a pressure sensor, which is further integrated into a fully functional touch device as a principle demonstration of the concept of omnipresent electronics.
We report the first anisotropic two excitons dynamics in bulk ReS 2 . Both exciton states show anisotropic dynamics upon carrier injection with a stronger response in higher exciton state (X 2 ) than ...the lower state (X 1 ).
This case was significant in demonstrating that even self-regressing sarcoidosis can cause critical complications such as irreversible myocardial damage or consecutive fatal vascular injury. A ...multiple imaging approach can facilitate a more accurate and earlier diagnosis. KCI Citation Count: 0
In the originally published HTML and PDF versions of this article, Figs. 3g and 4d contained typesetting errors affecting the way the data points were displayed. This has now been corrected in the ...HTML and PDF versions.
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