The extinct euphractine Prozaedyus was recognized remarking the evident morphological resemblance of the dorsal carapace with the extant piche or pygmy armadillo Zaedyus pichiy. From a phylogenetic ...viewpoint, Prozaedyus has been interpreted as an early diverging Euphractinae restricted, at the moment, to the late Oligocene and early mid Miocene levels (Deseadan to Laventan SALMAs) of southern South America (Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia). We report here a specimen (MSJ-317) coming from the late Miocene (Loma de Las Tapias Formation; ~9 Ma, Chasicoan Stage/Age) of western Argentina (San Juan Province), which represents a new species of Prozaedyus. The specimen includes an almost complete skull with complete dental series, some articulated fragments of the dorsal carapace and several isolated fixed and mobile osteoderms. Absence of teeth in the premaxillae, ornamentation pattern of fixed osteoderms, and presence of small foramina in the posterior and lateral margins of both mobile and fixed osteoderms, are characters that allow its inclusion within the genus Prozaedyus. Differences with the other known species of this genus include smaller size (~35–40%), cranial characters (e.g. position of the infraorbital foramen, palatine suture, morphology of the occipital condyles), and ornamentation pattern of mobile osteoderms. The phylogenetic analysis carried out support its relation as a sister group of the other Prozaedyus species, revealing an ancient divergence for the new taxon, occurred before that of the late Oligocene-early mid Miocene forms, and a distant phylogenetic position from Zaedyus pichiy. This new finding represents the youngest record of the genus, extending its biochron several millions of years, and provides novel information on the poorly know post-Santacrucian forms. Additionally, the cranial anatomy of the new species suggests a carnivore/omnivore habit, similar to extant euphractine armadillos but contrary to the insectivore habit proposed for the other Prozaedyus species.
•The biochron of the genus Prozaedyus extends to the late Miocene.•Prozaedyus represents the most basal lineage among Euphractinae armadillos.•Older known species of Prozaedyus represent more derived forms.•New most modern species of Prozaedyus retain more plesiomorphic characters.•First well characterized Prozaedyus species out of Patagonia area.
Loxoscelism is a health problem caused by the bite of spiders of the genus Loxosceles. In Chile all cases are attributable to Loxosceles laeta. It has been suggested that the spitting spider Scytodes ...globula may be a predator of L. laeta and control its population, which is only possible if they share the microhabitat. This study compared the thermal preferences and tolerances of the two species. Later, spiders acclimated to 15°C and 25°C were exposed to decreasing and increasing temperatures to determine the lower and upper critical temperatures. The preferred temperatures were lower during the morning, but there were no differences between the species. The thermal niche breadths were similar for the species, with a large overlap. Both species showed tolerance to extreme temperatures, but L. laeta showed greater tolerance to low temperatures. Both species showed acclimation of the lower critical temperatures to changes in acclimation temperatures. The similarity of preferred and tolerated temperatures was partly an expected fact, since the species share the same macrohabitat; these spider species are very common in domestic environments of central Chile. However, the results imply that their microhabitat choices are also very similar, indicating a high probability of meeting and predation, which could have important consequences in loxoscelism epidemiology.
•Scytodes globula may be a predator of Loxosceles laeta, a species which causes great proportion of loxoscelism in America.•Preferred temperatures of both species were lower during the morning, without differences between species.•Thermal niche breadths were similar for both species, with a large overlap.•Both species showed a high tolerance to extreme temperatures as adaptation to xeric environments.•Microhabitat choices were similar, determining high probability of meeting and predation, which could have important consequences in loxoscelism epidemiology.
In this work, a new approach to studying coupling pathways for the Fermi contact term of NMR spin−spin coupling constants (SSCCs) is presented. It is based on the known form of propagating the Fermi ...hole through a canonical molecular orbital (CMO). It requires having an adequate spatial description of the relevant canonical molecular orbitals, which are obtained by expanding CMOs in terms of natural bond orbitals (NBOs). For detecting the relevant contributions of CMOs to a given Fermi contact (FC) pathway, the description of the FC in terms of the triplet polarization propagator (PP) is used. To appreciate the potential of this approach, dubbed FCCP-CMO (Fermi contact coupling pathways-CMO), it is applied to analyze the through-space transmission of the FC term of J PP SSCCs by overlap of the P lone pairs. This method can be applied using well-known quantum chemistry software without any further modification, which makes it appealing for use as a complement to SSCC measurements by NMR spectroscopy.
Equations for the intramolecular surfaces of the
3
J
HH
coupling constants in ethane, ethylene, and acetylene are formulated, and the corresponding coefficients are estimated from calculations at the ...DFT/B3LYP level. The chosen variables are changes in bond lengths, in the torsion angle φ between the coupled protons H
a
and H
b
, in bond angles, and in dihedral angles. The
3
J
HH
surface of ethane is formulated as an extended Karplus equation with the coefficients of a truncated Fourier series on the torsion angle φ expanded as second-order Taylor series in the chosen variables taking into account the invariance of
3
J
HH
under reflections and rotations of nuclear coordinates. Partial vibrational contributions from linear and square terms corresponding to changes in the geometry of the H
a
− C
a
− C
b
− H
b
fragment are important while those from cross terms are small with a few exceptions. The
3
J
HH
surface of ethane is useful to predict contributions to
3
J
HH
from changes in local geometry of derivatives but vibrational contributions are predicted less satisfactorily. The predicted values at the B3LYP/BS2 level of the
3
J
HH
couplings (vibrational contributions at 300 K) from equilibrium geometries are 9.79 (−0.17) for acetylene, and 17.08 (1.93) and 10.73(0.93) for the trans and cis couplings of ethylene.
Hemofilia A adquirida en el posparto: reporte de caso Contreras-Pizarro, Carlos H.; Chumpitaz-Anchiraico, Gloria; Ticona Sanjínez, Rosario ...
Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud pública,
06/2023, Letnik:
40, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
La hemofilia A adquirida es un trastorno hemorrágico poco frecuente a nivel mundial, y se caracteriza por la presencia de autoanticuerpos inhibidores dirigidos hacia un factor de la coagulación, en ...la mayoría de ocasiones el factor VIII. Las etiologías son variadas, entre las que se encuentra el posparto. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 34 años con dolor lumbar, hematuria y hematoma en región glútea derecha, sin antecedentes previos de sangrado. Por extensión de las manifestaciones hemorrágicas es transferida al servicio de emergencia. Los exámenes auxiliares de perfil de coagulación, prueba de mezclas y medición de los títulos de inhibidores del factor VIII permitieron confirmar el diagnóstico. El caso resalta la importancia de considerar esta patología en una paciente puérpera con persistencia de sangrado por herida operatoria, hematoma extenso y sin historia de sangrado previo.
A new anablepid (Cyprinodontiformes) from the Late Miocene of Puchuzum locality, San Juan Province, Argentina is described here. The collected specimens include male and female individuals showing ...marked sexual dimorphism and represented different ontogenetic stages. The fossils show a unique combination of characters reveals a new genus and species, Sanjuanableps calingasta. The phylogenetic analysis allowed to identify a monophyletic clade including Anableps, Tucmanableps and Sanjuanableps, which constitutes the sister group of other anablepids. During the Late Miocene, Sanjuanableps possibly formed monospecific shoals in shallow ponds of salty water in semiarid environments.
•The new species is represented by a large number of female and male individuals.•The new species appears to be related to the genus Anableps.•The finding indicates that part of the history of some anablepids is not directly related with the Paranian marine transgression.
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