Abstract
The Submillimetre Common User Bolometer Array 2 (SCUBA-2) is the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope’s continuum imager, operating simultaneously at 450 and 850
μ
m. SCUBA-2 was commissioned in ...2009–2011, and since that time, regular observations of point-like standard sources have been performed whenever the instrument is in use. Expanding the calibrator observation sample by an order of magnitude compared to previous work, in this paper we derive updated opacity relations at each wavelength for a new atmospheric extinction correction, analyze the Flux Conversion Factors used to convert instrumental units to physical flux units as a function of date and observation time, present information on the beam profiles for each wavelength, and update secondary calibrator source fluxes. Between 07:00 and 17:00 UTC, the portion of the night that is most stable to temperature gradients that cause dish deformation, the total flux uncertainty and the peak flux uncertainty measured at 450
μ
m are found to be 14% and 17%, respectively. Measured at 850
μ
m, the total flux and peak flux uncertainties are 6% and 7%, respectively. The analysis presented in this work is applicable to all SCUBA-2 projects observed since 2011.
The Submillimetre Common User Bolometer Array 2 (SCUBA-2) is the James Clerk
Maxwell Telescope's continuum imager, operating simultaneously at 450 and
850~$\mu$m. SCUBA-2 was commissioned in ...2009--2011 and since that time, regular
observations of point-like standard sources have been performed whenever the
instrument is in use. Expanding the calibrator observation sample by an order
of magnitude compared to previous work, in this paper we derive updated opacity
relations at each wavelength for a new atmospheric-extinction correction,
analyze the Flux-Conversion Factors (FCFs) used to convert instrumental units
to physical flux units as a function of date and observation time, present
information on the beam profiles for each wavelength, and update
secondary-calibrator source fluxes. Between 07:00 and 17:00 UTC, the portion of
the night that is most stable to temperature gradients that cause dish
deformation, the total-flux uncertainty and the peak-flux uncertainty measured
at 450~$\mu$m are found to be 14\% and 17\%, respectively. Measured at
850~$\mu$m, the total-flux and peak-flux uncertainties are 6\%, and 7\%,
respectively. The analysis presented in this work is applicable to all SCUBA-2
projects observed since 2011.
The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) is the largest single dish telescope in the world focused on sub-millimeter astronomy - and it remains at the forefront of sub-millimeter discovery space. ...JCMT continues itspush for higher efficiency and greater science impact with a switch to fully remote operation. This switch toremote operations occurred on November 1st 2019. The switch to remote operations should be recognized to bepart of a decade long process involving incremental changes leading to Extended Observing - observing beyondthe classical night shift - and eventually to full remote operations. The success of Remote Observing is indicatedin the number of productive hours and continued low fault rate from before and after the switch.
Namakanui is an instrument containing three inserts in an ALMA type Dewar. The three inserts are Alaihi, Uu and Aweoweo operating around 86, 230 and 345GHz. The receiver is being commissioned on the ...JCMT. It will be used for both Single dish and VLBI observations. We will present commissioning results and the system.
The Submillimetre Common User Bolometer Array 2 (SCUBA-2) is the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope's continuum imager, operating simultaneously at 450 and 850~\(\mu\)m. SCUBA-2 was commissioned in ...2009--2011 and since that time, regular observations of point-like standard sources have been performed whenever the instrument is in use. Expanding the calibrator observation sample by an order of magnitude compared to previous work, in this paper we derive updated opacity relations at each wavelength for a new atmospheric-extinction correction, analyze the Flux-Conversion Factors (FCFs) used to convert instrumental units to physical flux units as a function of date and observation time, present information on the beam profiles for each wavelength, and update secondary-calibrator source fluxes. Between 07:00 and 17:00 UTC, the portion of the night that is most stable to temperature gradients that cause dish deformation, the total-flux uncertainty and the peak-flux uncertainty measured at 450~\(\mu\)m are found to be 14\% and 17\%, respectively. Measured at 850~\(\mu\)m, the total-flux and peak-flux uncertainties are 6\%, and 7\%, respectively. The analysis presented in this work is applicable to all SCUBA-2 projects observed since 2011.
Gene expression studies suggest that aging of the human brain is determined by a complex interplay of molecular events, although both its region- and cell-type-specific consequences remain poorly ...understood. Here, we extensively characterized aging-altered gene expression changes across ten human brain regions from 480 individuals ranging in age from 16 to 106 years. We show that astrocyte- and oligodendrocyte-specific genes, but not neuron-specific genes, shift their regional expression patterns upon aging, particularly in the hippocampus and substantia nigra, while the expression of microglia- and endothelial-specific genes increase in all brain regions. In line with these changes, high-resolution immunohistochemistry demonstrated decreased numbers of oligodendrocytes and of neuronal subpopulations in the aging brain cortex. Finally, glial-specific genes predict age with greater precision than neuron-specific genes, thus highlighting the need for greater mechanistic understanding of neuron-glia interactions in aging and late-life diseases.
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•Understanding the role of cell-type-specific changes in human brain aging•Glial-specific genes shift their regional expression patterns during aging•Oligodendrocytes and neuronal subpopulations are decreased in the aging neocortex•Microglia-specific genes globally increase their expression during aging
Human brain aging is determined by a complex interplay of regional and cell-type-specific molecular events. Soreq et al. find that glial genes shift their regional expression patterns, while microglia-specific genes globally increase their expression upon aging. Moreover, immunohistochemistry reveals decreased numbers of oligodendrocytes and neuronal subpopulations in the aging neocortex.
•Study of England and Wales.•Trajectory modelling of local area employment trends in the great recession 2007–2011.•Multivariable regression modelling of change in individual self-reported illness ...2001–2011.•Various other individual and local area risk factors are controlled for in models.•Local employment trends predict ‘new’ cases of long term illness.
There have been no specific guidelines regarding which genes should be tested in the clinical setting for Parkinson's disease (PD) or parkinsonism. We evaluated the types of clinical genetic testing ...offered for PD as the first step of our gene curation.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) was queried on 12/7/2020 to identify current commercial PD genetic test offerings by clinical laboratories, internationally.
We identified 502 unique clinical genetic tests for PD, from 28 Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-approved clinical laboratories. These included 11 diagnostic PD panels. The panels were notable for their differences in size, ranging from 5 to 62 genes. Five genes for variant query were included in all panels (SNCA, PRKN, PINK-1, PARK7 (DJ1), and LRRK2). Notably, the addition of the VPS35 and GBA genes was variable. Panel size differences stemmed from inclusion of genes linked to atypical parkinsonism and dystonia disorders, and genes in which the link to PD causation is controversial.
There is an urgent need for expert opinion regarding which genes should be included in a commercial laboratory multi-gene panel for PD.
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