Janus is a modular, massively parallel, and reconfigurable FPGA-based computing system. Each Janus module has one computational core and one host. Janus is tailored to, but not limited to, the needs ...of a class of hard scientific applications characterized by regular code structure, unconventional data-manipulation requirements, and a few Megabits database. The authors discuss this configurable system's architecture and focus on its use for Monte Carlo simulations of statistical mechanics, as Janus performs impressively on this class of application.
We study numerically the nonequilibrium dynamics of the Ising spin glass, for a time spanning 11 orders of magnitude, thus approaching the experimentally relevant scale (i.e., seconds). We introduce ...novel analysis techniques to compute the coherence length in a model-independent way. We present strong evidence for a replicon correlator and for overlap equivalence. The emerging picture is compatible with noncoarsening behavior.
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy (VHE) is an unusual and serious complication of valproate (VA) treatment. When an early diagnosis is made, it can be reversed with VA withdrawal and ...early treatment for hyperammonemia. We describe the case of a 20 days old male, who developed a serious VHE after receiving VA for refractory neonatal seizures. The VHE was resolved with VA withdrawal in association with carglumic acid and other measures for hyperammonemia treatment.
We describe the hardwired implementation of algorithms for Monte Carlo simulations of a large class of spin models. We have implemented these algorithms as VHDL codes and we have mapped them onto a ...dedicated processor based on a large FPGA device. The measured performance on one such processor is comparable to
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carefully programmed high-end PCs: it turns out to be even better for some selected spin models. We describe here codes that we are currently executing on the IANUS massively parallel FPGA-based system.
To determine the preterm viability between 22 and 25 gestational weeks in our hospital in last 10 years.
A descriptive retrospective study was conducted on preterms between 22-25 gestational weeks ...born between 1-1-2002 and 12-31-2011.
There were 121 newborns, 45 (37%) stillbirths and 76 (63%) live births (16 died in delivery room, and 60 admitted to neonatal intensive unit). Among the 60 admitted, 34 died before hospital discharge, and 26 survived (21% of total, 34% of live births and 43% of those admitted to neonatal intensive unit). The causes of death were: 16 therapeutic effort limitation in delivery room, 8 therapeutic effort limitation in neonatal ward, 7 nosocomial sepsis, 7 NEC, 4 respiratory problems, and 8 of unknown cause. There were no survivors below 24 gestational weeks. Of the 26 survivors, 4 had major neurological disorders, and 11 with a normal neurological outcome. No significant statistical differences were found in the mortality between the two five-year periods analysed.
The peri-viability has important clinical and ethical problems for neonatologist.
A prospective multicenter study was designed to assess the epidemiology of neonatal sepsis of vertical transmission in Spain. The study was carried out by the “Grupo de Hospitales Castrillo” that ...included the neonatal services of 19 tertiary care (reference) hospitals and 9 secondary care hospitals. Prospective data from infants with culture-proved neonatal sepsis, clinical sepsis and bacteremia were recorded for 1995 to 1997. In a total of 203,288 neonates, proven sepsis was diagnosed in 515 (rate of 2.5 per 1000 live births), clinical sepsis in 724 (rate of 3.6 per 1000 live births), and bacteremia of vertical transmission in 155 (rate of 0.76 per 1000 live births). Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (≤ 1500 g) showed a significantly higher incidence of confirmed sepsis (26.5 per 1000 live births) and clinical sepsis (32.4 per 1000 live births) than infants weighing >1500 g. Streptococcus agalactiae was the most frequent causative pathogen in cases of proven sepsis (51 %) and bacteremia (33 %), but Escherichia coli was the most frequently recovered organism in the VLBW group. The mortality rate of proven sepsis was significantly higher than that of clinical sepsis (8.7% versus 4.3 %) (P < 0.01). In the VLBW cohort, there were no significant differences in the mortality rate between proven sepsis and clinical sepsis. In conclusion, clinical sepsis was the most frequent diagnosis, proba bly related to intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. Streptococcus agalactiae was the most frequent causative pathogen of culture-positive sepsis and bacteremia, whereas E. coli was the most significant in VLBW infants.
La encefalopatía hiperamoniémica inducida por ácido valproico (EHV) es una entidad grave e inusual. Para su diagnóstico, precisa un elevado índice de sospecha, pues resulta reversible con la retirada ...del fármaco y el tratamiento precoz de la hiperamoniemia. Presentamos el caso de un neonato tratado con valproico (AV) por convulsiones refractarias, que desarrolló una EHV grave que revirtió con la retirada del AV y el tratamiento con ácido carglúmico, junto con otras medidas para control de la hiperamoniemia.
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy (VHE) is an unusual and serious complication of valproate (VA) treatment. When an early diagnosis is made, it can be reversed with VA withdrawal and early treatment for hyperammonemia. We describe the case of a 20 days old male, who developed a serious VHE after receiving VA for refractory neonatal seizures. The VHE was resolved with VA withdrawal in association with carglumic acid and other measures for hyperammonemia treatment.
A prospective multicenter study was designed to assess the frequency, etiology, and mortality of nosocomial neonatal sepsis diagnosed between 1996 and 1997 in the neonatology services of 27 ...acute-care hospitals in Spain (“Grupo de Hospitales Castrillo”). Nosocomial sepsis is defined in the literature using chronological criteria (> 3–7 days of life at the onset of symptoms); accordingly, there is the possibility of including late-onset maternally acquired sepsis or of excluding early-onset nosocomial sepsis (< 3–7 days of life). For these reasons, in this study, cases of nosocomial sepsis that developed at ≤3–7 days after birth (early onset) were also recorded and maternally acquired sepsis diagnosed beyond 3–7 days of life were excluded. Using these criteria in a total of 30,993 admissions to the neonatal units of the participating hospitals, the nosocomial sepsis rate was 2.1% with an incidence density of 0.89 per 1000 patient days. Sepsis rate was significantly more frequent among very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (15.6%) than among those weighing ≥1500 g (1. 16%) (P < 0.001). Fifty-eight percent of all isolates were Gram-positive organisms, mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis (42 %). Gram-negative organisms were isolated in 29.5%of cases (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. were the most commonly isolated pathogens) and fungal infections in 12 %, with absolute predominance of Candida spp. The overall mortality rate was 11.8% and the following subgroups had significantly higher (P < 0.001) mortality rates: sepsis caused by Gram-negative organisms (19% vs. 5.1% in Gram-positive pathogens) and sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (33.3% vs. 9.4% for the total number of sepsis caused by the remaining causative pathogens). Sepsis caused by S. epidermidis showed a significantly lower mortality rate (5.5%) compared with overall sepsis for the remaining etiologies (14.2%) (P < 0.001). In VLBW infants, the mortality rate was significantly higher than in infants weighing > 1500 g (17.3% vs. 6.5 %, P<0.001).
The estimated incidence of true early-onset group B streptococcal (GBS) neonatal infection is based on positive GBS blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture results, but the real burden of disease ...is underestimated owing to the high incidence of culture-negative sepsis possibly because of antibiotic administration to the mother.
To examine the rate of probable early-onset GBS neonatal sepsis and to assess its impact on total GBS neonatal disease.
A multicentre longitudinal prospective surveillance of 107,021 deliveries.
The rates of culture-proven and probable early-onset GBS sepsis were 0.39 and 0.47 per 1000 live births, respectively. Of great concern was the finding of three deaths related to the infection in the group with probable early-onset GBS sepsis.
The use of chemoprophylaxis in GBS-colonised pregnant women, especially when it is incomplete, may not be sufficient to prevent clinical neonatal infection, but may inhibit the growth of GBS in blood and CSF cultures. In assessing the effectiveness of GBS prophylaxis, it is advisable to consider the incidence of culture-positive and probable culture-negative GBS neonatal infection.
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