Fundamento: en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que se desarrolla en los diferentes escenarios docentes, se deben tener en cuenta los contenidos ya impartidos, para logar una integración entre los ...conocimientos teóricos con la práctica médica. Objetivo: evaluar los escenarios docentes según la calidad de las actividades desarrolladas en la asignatura medicina general integral VII, en el contexto del policlínico universitario. Método: se realizó una investigación cuanti-cualitativa según el cumplimiento de indicadores de calidad mediante la aplicación de una guía de observación en los escenarios docentes de la asignatura medicina general integral VII, en el policlínico universitario. Los escenarios docentes evaluados fueron: consultorios, vacunatorios, círculos infantiles, hogares maternos y consulta de planificación familiar. Resultados: el consultorio, el vacunatorio, la consulta de planificación familiar, la escuela y círculo infantil fueron evaluados de regular, solo obtuvieron categoría de bien el hogar materno y el escenario cuerpo de guardia. Las actividades docentes con mayores dificultades fueron: la vigilancia epidemiológica para la pesquisa de factores de riesgo, el control de foco para enfermedades transmisibles y la presentación del análisis de la situación de salud a la comunidad. Conclusiones: el nivel escenario docente en la asignatura medicina general integral VII, de forma general fue evaluado de regular, por tener: el escenario consultorio, el vacunatorio, consulta de planificación familiar, la escuela y círculo infantil evaluados de regular, el hogar materno y el escenario cuerpo de guardia evaluados de bien.
Background: the subject General Medicine VII is part of the guiding discipline in Medicine studies. It ensures that when Medicine Doctors obtain their degrees they have acquired all the knowledge ...that allows them to perform multiple tasks in health care services. Objective: to assess the subject General Medicine VII, in the university polyclinic as part of the educational process. Methods: we conducted a mixed research using quantitative and qualitative methods through a methodology that included the level of satisfaction of students, teachers, managers, and knowledge levels obtained by students. This methodology was applied in the fourth year of Medicine studies and in the four university polyclinics in the municipality of Cienfuegos, inserted into the new training model. Results: managers referred insufficient chances for exchanging with subordinates as well as for the profits of methodological activities, teachers were dissatisfied because of insufficient educational preparation and high work load and students reported difficulties with the availability and on-time delivery of textbooks, in addition to not having the necessary instrumentation for skills appropriation. Conclusions: we found that managers were dissatisfied with organizational and functional aspects, teachers with planning and implementation of the teaching process and students with the literature and the necessary tools while in teaching practice.
Social Justice Is Overdue for Puerto Rican Mothers Lebron, Cynthia N.; Pérez-Ramos, José; Cardona-Cordero, Nancy ...
American journal of public health (1971),
07/2024, Letnik:
114, Številka:
S6
Journal Article
Puerto Rico (PR) has faced environmental and public health challenges that could have significantly affected cancer screening access. Using administrative claims data from PR’s Medicaid population, ...this study assessed trends in colorectal and breast cancer screening from 2016 to 2021, the impact of disasters in screening, and the absolute deficit in screening due to the pandemic. The monthly rates of claims were analyzed using Poisson regression. Significant reductions in breast and colorectal cancer screening utilization were observed. The colorectal cancer screening rate in 2017 was 77% lower a month after Hurricanes Irma and María RRadj: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.25 compared to the same time period in 2016. Breast cancer screening dropped 50% in November 2017 compared to November 2016 RRadj: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.54. Prospectively, a recovery in utilization has been observed only for breast cancer screening. The results revealed that cancer screening utilization substantially declined after environmental disasters and the pandemic. These findings have potentially severe long-term implications for cancer health disparities and mortality in PR.
Perceived personal wellbeing tends to be lower in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), especially in the case of women. To develop the present study, the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI-A) ...was administered to a Spanish-speaking sample of women with ASD (N = 401) and self-diagnosed ASD (N = 343), women without ASD (N = 373) and men with ASD (N = 65) to compare their self-perceptions. Women with ASD showed significantly lower wellbeing rates than women in the control group for the total PWI-A and across all the domains, and there were no significant differences when compared with self-diagnosed women with ASD and men with ASD. Autism explained between 24 and 26% of the decline in the PWI-A total score, with life achievement, future security, safety and relationships being the domains most highly correlated with the total. These findings are an effective contribution to improving diagnosis and professional intervention in women with ASD.
We aimed to assess the resistance rates of antimicrobial-resistant, in bacterial pathogens of epidemiological importance in 47 Mexican centers.
In this retrospective study, we included a stratified ...sample of 47 centers, covering 20 Mexican states. Selected isolates considered as potential causatives of disease collected over a 6-month period were included. Laboratories employed their usual methods to perform microbiological studies. The results were deposited into a database and analyzed with the WHONET 5.6 software.
In this 6-month study, a total of 22,943 strains were included. Regarding Gram-negatives, carbapenem resistance was detected in ≤ 3% in Escherichia coli, 12.5% in Klebsiella sp. and Enterobacter sp., and up to 40% in Pseudomonas aeruginosa; in the latter, the resistance rate for piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) was as high as 19.1%. In Acinetobacter sp., resistance rates for cefepime, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, and TZP were higher than 50%. Regarding Gram-positives, methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was as high as 21.4%, and vancomycin (VAN) resistance reached up to 21% in Enterococcus faecium. Acinetobacter sp. presented the highest multidrug resistance (53%) followed by Klebsiella sp. (22.6%) and E. coli (19.4%).
The multidrug resistance of Acinetobacter sp., Klebsiella sp. and E. coli and the carbapenem resistance in specific groups of enterobacteria deserve special attention in Mexico. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and MRSA are common in our hospitals. Our results present valuable information for the implementation of measures to control drug resistance.
Amigas Latinas Motivando el Alma is a community-based intervention designed to increase social support and coping strategies among Latina immigrant women at risk for depression and anxiety. To assess ...satisfaction and perceived efficacy of the intervention, we conducted interviews with 32 participants that received the intervention in-person and online. Participants across both modalities found the program supportive in maintaining their mental health. They learned stress management techniques and found the support from facilitators and other participants helpful. Those receiving the intervention in-person were able to connect with other participants more easily than those that received it online. Those receiving it online noted distractions at home that made it challenging to fully engage. Community-based interventions that promote coping strategies and social support are a promising strategy for addressing mental health disparities among Latina immigrant women.
TRN: NCT03749278, date of registration: November 21, 2018.
Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatal outcomes have been associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. In new epidemic areas, such as Latin America, there is a lack of ...studies about this. Objectives: To evaluate demographic data, signs and symptoms during emergency arrival, prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, laboratory and ECG findings and their influence in mortality, in a retrospective cohort of patients in a national reference hospital of Lima, Peru. Methods: Review the clinical records of the patients attended at Hospital Rebagliati Hospital during March 6th and April 30th, 2020, using rRT-PCR was used for the detection of the RNA of SARS-CoV-2 following the protocol Charité, Berlin, Germany, from nasopharyngeal swabs at the National Institute of Health. Bivariate analysis and multivariate analysis using logistic regression was done. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant for all analyses. Results: One hundred six hospitalized patients were evaluated. The mean age of patients was 61.58 years (SD 16.81). Cardiovascular risk factors among them were hypertension (46.2%), diabetes (28.3%), and obesity (28.3%), among others. Fifty-six patients died (52.8%). Mortality associated factors at the multivariate analysis were arterial hypertension (OR=1.343, 95% 1.089-1.667), myocardial injury (OR=1.303, 95% 1.031-1.642), and mechanical ventilation (OR 1.262, 95% 1.034-1.665), as associated factors. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular signs or symptoms are common during emergency arrival in patients with COVID-19. Arterial hypertension, myocardial injury and mechanical ventilation were associated with mortality in multivariate analysis, as observed in other regions of the world.
Self-management of moderate-to-severe asthma depends on the patient's ability to (1) navigate (access health care to obtain diagnoses and treatment), (2) use inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) properly, ...and (3) understand ICS function.
We sought to test whether navigation skills (medication recall, knowledge of copay requirements, and ability to provide information needed for a medical visit about a persistent cough unresponsive to medication) are related to other self-management skills and health literacy.
A 21-item Navigating Ability (NAV2) questionnaire was developed, validated, and then read to adults with moderate-to-severe asthma. ICS technique was evaluated by using scales derived from instructions in national guidelines; knowledge of ICS function was evaluated by using a validated 10-item questionnaire. Spearman correlation was computed between NAV2 score and these questionnaires and with numeracy (Asthma Numeracy Questionnaire) and print literacy (Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults).
Two hundred fifty adults participated: age, 51 ± 13 years; 72% female; 65% African American; 10% Latino; 50% with household income of less than $30,000/y; 47% with no more than a 12th-grade education; and 29% experienced hospitalizations for asthma in the prior year. A higher NAV2 score was associated with correct ICS technique (ρ = 0.24, P = .0002), knowledge of ICSs (ρ = 0.35, P < .001), better print literacy (ρ = 0.44, P < .001), and numeracy (ρ = 0.41, P < .001).
Patients with poor navigational ability are likely to have poor inhaler technique and limited understanding of ICS function, as well as limited numeracy and print literacy. Clinicians should consider these elements of self-management for their effect on asthma care and as a marker of more general health literacy deficits.
Potential anticancer activity of 16 azetidin-2-one derivatives was evaluated showing that compound 6 N-(p-methoxy-phenyl)-2-(p-methyl-phenyl)-3-phenoxy-azetidin-2-one presented cytotoxic activity in ...SiHa cells and B16F10 cells. The caspase-3 assay in B16F10 cells displayed that azetidin-2-one derivatives induce apoptosis. Microarray and molecular analysis showed that compound 6 was involved on specific gene overexpression of cytoskeleton regulation and apoptosis due to the inhibition of some cell cycle genes. From the 16 derivatives, compound 6 showed the highest selectivity to neoplastic cells, it was an inducer of apoptosis, and according to an in silico analysis of chemical interactions with colchicine binding site of human α/β-tubulin, the mechanism of action could be a molecular interaction involving the amino acids outlining such binding site.
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