This study presents the generation of a renewable fuel using acetic acid as electron donor, copper slag (CS) as photocatalyst and UV–Vis irradiation. The CS was characterized by X-ray diffraction ...(XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Specific surface area (S
BET
) was determined on basis of N
2
isotherms. A 2
3
factorial experimental design was performed to identify factors controlling the hydrogen evolution and mineralisation of acetic acid. The experimental factors were: slag dose (0.1, 0.55 and 1 g/L), acetic acid concentration (1, 5.5 and 10% vol) and reaction time (2, 5 and 8 h). Synthetic acetic acid solutions were used. An Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed showing that slag dose, reaction time and an interaction between both factors were statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) for hydrogen generation. Two absorption edges (2.2 and 2.6 eV) were determined associated with the presence of fayalite and magnesioferrite identified by XRD. The best rate of the hydrogen production was 4.35 μmol/h g CS at 10% vol acetic acid, 0.1 g/L of CS and 2 h of reaction. This value is similar to values reported using similar catalysts. CS performance is due to the high iron content (60.09% wt. as Fe
2
O
3
) and traces of other semiconductors such as zinc, copper and manganese which may have some contribution to the photocatalytic activity.
Dentists are highly exposed and vulnerable during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, as physical proximity to patients is necessary for effective dental examination and treatment. The ...objective of this study was to describe the concerns, knowledge, and infection control practices of dentists in Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cross-sectional study conducted from 22 May 2020 to 8 July 2020, an anonymous survey was distributed to dentists, which covered information regarding dentists’ sociodemographic and professional characteristics, clinical practices during the pandemic, and perceptions regarding the application of infection prevention and control guidance for dental settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Out of 703 respondents, 73.1% (n = 514) were women and 53.6% (n = 377) were dentists with 1–10 years of experience. Regarding the statements issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the responses for 11 survey items had total agreement rates >90% (high frequency); seven and nine items had moderate and low frequency of total agreement, respectively. Most dentists in this study agreed with the WHO and CDC statements and were concerned regarding the possibility of infection, despite using the protective gear.
Background: there are no studies that confirm the association between cardiovascular hyperreactivity and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity.
Objective: to determine the association between ...cardiovascular hyperreactivity and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity in normotensive individuals.
Methods: a cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted. The universe consisted of the population aged 15 to 74 years in Cienfuegos municipality; the sample included 644 people. The variables were: sex, skin color, age, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, smoking, baseline systolic blood pressure, cardiovascular reactivity, and risk of cardiovascular morbidity. The risk of cardiovascular morbidity was calculated by applying the Framingham Risk Functions. The Pearson’s Chi-square test and the prevalence ratio were used with a 95 % confidence interval. The direction of the relationship between cardiovascular reactivity, age, and systolic blood pressure was analyzed considering the Eta value.
Results: the prevalence of cardiovascular hyperreactivity was higher among people aged 65 to 74 years and males. A higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity was observed in cardiovascular hyperreactive individuals. There is an association between non-optimal systolic blood pressure, increasing age, and high risk of cardiovascular morbidity in cardiovascular hyperreactive people.
Conclusions: the risk of cardiovascular morbidity is higher in cardiovascular hyperreactive individuals than in normoreactive people. Age and systolic blood pressure showed greater association with high risk of cardiovascular morbidity.
Background: several studies show the influence of physical activity as a protective factor of the cardiovascular system. New evidence forcorroborating this are needed to ensure the prevention of ...cardiovascular disease.
Objective: to determine the relationship between cardiovascular hyperactivity, physical activity and some homodynamic and anthropometric variables in normotensive individuals.
Methods: a descriptive correlational cross-sectional study was conducted. The universe of the study consisted of the population between 15 and 74 of the municipality of Cienfuegos in 2010, the sample was 644. The variables were considered: sex, skin colour, age, height, weight, index of body mass, abdominal waist, blood pressures: systolic, diastolic, average and differential (basal and sustained weight test) and physical activity. Pearson Chi- square test was calculated and t was applied for comparison of average independent samples with a significance level of p = 0,05. Prevalence ratios were determined with a confidence interval of 95 %.
Results: the prevalence of cardiovascular hyperactivity was higher in the group of 65-74 years and males. Cardiovascular hyperactives showed values of the average hemodynamic variables studied cardiovascular over normoreactive. There is an association between physical activity and better cardiovascular response in normal weight individuals.
Conclusions: there is an association between increased blood pressure and obesity in cardiovascular hyperactivity. Physical activity is associated with cardiovascular normoreactivity in normal weight.
Fundamento: el policlínico universitario debe convertirse en un centro de excelencia en la atención a la población y un modelo para la formación básica y postgraduada de los profesionales que ...requiere nuestra sociedad. Objetivo: elaborar una metodología para la evaluación del proceso docente educativo en la asignatura Medicina General Integral VII en el escenario policlínico universitario. Método: investigación cuanti-cualitativa, diseñada sobre la base de una serie de indicadores de calidad que se fundamentan en el conocimiento del desarrollo de la planificación, ejecución, aspectos organizacionales y funcionales del proceso, la satisfacción de los estudiantes, docentes y directivos, la calidad de las actividades desarrolladas en los escenarios de formación y el nivel de conocimientos adquiridos por los estudiantes durante la asignatura. Resultados: se realiza una propuesta metodológica para la evaluación del proceso docente educativo en el nuevo contexto de formación del estudiante de medicina en el policlínico universitario, desde la perspectiva del perfeccionamiento del propio proceso. Conclusiones: la metodología propuesta, ha sido elaborada al tomar en consideración tres niveles de evaluación: la satisfacción de directivos, docentes y estudiantes, el nivel de escenario docentes y nivel de conocimientos teórico-prácticos adquirido por los estudiantes, en los que se utilizaron variables e indicadores que constituyen estimadores de calidad.
Fundamento: el policlínico universitario debe convertirse en un centro de excelencia en la atención a la población y un modelo para la formación básica y postgraduada de los profesionales que ...requiere nuestra sociedad. Objetivo: elaborar una metodología para la evaluación del proceso docente educativo en la asignatura Medicina General Integral VII en el escenario policlínico universitario. Método: investigación cuanti-cualitativa, diseñada sobre la base de una serie de indicadores de calidad que se fundamentan en el conocimiento del desarrollo de la planificación, ejecución, aspectos organizacionales y funcionales del proceso, la satisfacción de los estudiantes, docentes y directivos, la calidad de las actividades desarrolladas en los escenarios de formación y el nivel de conocimientos adquiridos por los estudiantes durante la asignatura. Resultados: se realiza una propuesta metodológica para la evaluación del proceso docente educativo en el nuevo contexto de formación del estudiante de medicina en el policlínico universitario, desde la perspectiva del perfeccionamiento del propio proceso. Conclusiones: la metodología propuesta, ha sido elaborada al tomar en consideración tres niveles de evaluación: la satisfacción de directivos, docentes y estudiantes, el nivel de escenario docentes y nivel de conocimientos teórico-prácticos adquirido por los estudiantes, en los que se utilizaron variables e indicadores que constituyen estimadores de calidad.
Cardiovascular diseases constitute the main morbidity and mortality cause of death worldwide. The best tool to set priorities in primary cardiovascular prevention is the precise estimation of the ...global cardiovascular risk. This work was aimed at explaining the predictive value for cardiovascular diseases, for which a documentary review of a total of 27 bibliographic sources was done. Among these 26 international impact articles from journals and a thesis, among other sources were reviewed, to which it was accessed through the main information managers. Risk mobility prediction has been an essential element in preventive clinical guidelines for these diseases and has become a useful tool for the family doctor, to set priorities in primary health care, which will allow making progress in studying complex associations that may impact cardiovascular risk.
Reactivity is the response of the homonymous system to an external stimulus and it is modified by various parameters among them the psychological one which influences the appearance of cardiovascular ...diseases. Some studies have demonstrated and supported the benefits of physical activity in keeping ideal physiological and psychological fitness, including cardiovascular response to acute stress. This work had the objective of describing the influence of psychological stress and aerobic physical activity on cardiovascular reactivity. For that a total of 30 bibliographic sources, among them 2 books and a number of articles from scientific journals, accessed through the main managers the computer network. It was concluded that psychological stress and aerobic physical exercises influence antagonistically on cardiovascular reactivity.
Foundation: various sources claim that there are differences in some anthropometric and hemodynamic variables between individuals with normal, risk and pathological glycemia, which makes necessary to ...show new evidence.
Objective: to determine the relationship between anthropometric and hemodynamic variables with the glycemia figures in individuals of the Cienfuegos municipality in 2010.
Methods: a correlational cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. The sample consisted of 925 individuals. The variables analyzed were: age, sex, skin color, abdominal waist, body mass index, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, cardiovascular reactivity index and glycemia. Nonparametric statistical tests were applied to evaluate the correlation between fasting blood glucose and the study variables, with a significance of 99 %. The results are presented in tables and graphs.
Results: there was a predominance of white skin color and female gender and individuals between 35-44 years represented the highest percentage of the sample. Patients with risk glycemia and diabetics had an increase in the study variables above normal.
Conclusions: there is a positive correlation between glucose concentration and the analyzed variables, which explains anthropometric and hemodynamic imbalances in patients with glycemia risk and pathology.
La reactividad cardiovascular es la respuesta que da el aparato homónimo ante un estímulo externo y se ve modificada por varios parámetros, entre ellos el estrés psicológico, que repercute en la ...aparición de enfermedades car¬diovasculares. Algunos estudios han demostrado y apoyado los beneficios de la actividad física en el mantenimiento de un estado de salud fisiológica y psicoló¬gicamente óptimos, incluyendo la respuesta cardiovascular al estrés agudo. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo describir el impacto que tiene el estrés psi¬cológico y el ejercicio físico aerobio sobre la reactividad cardiovascular. Para ello se consultaron un total de 30 fuentes bibliográficas, entre ellas 2 libros y numerosos artículos de revistas científicas, a los que se tuvo acceso por medio de los principales gestores de la red informática. El estrés psicológico y el ejercicio físico aeróbico actúan de forma antagónica sobre la reactividad cardiovascular.
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