Mobility prediction is a technique in which the future location of a user is identified in a given network. Mobility prediction provides solutions to many day-to-day life problems. It helps in ...seamless handovers in wireless networks to provide better location based services and to recalculate paths in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET). In the present study, a framework is presented which predicts user mobility in presence and absence of mobility history. Naïve Bayesian classification algorithm and Markov Model are used to predict user future location when user mobility history is available. An attempt is made to predict user future location by using Short Message Service (SMS) and instantaneous Geological coordinates in the absence of mobility patterns. The proposed technique compares the performance metrics with commonly used Markov Chain model. From the experimental results it is evident that the techniques used in this work gives better results when considering both spatial and temporal information. The proposed method predicts user’s future location in the absence of mobility history quite fairly. The proposed work is applied to predict the mobility of medical rescue vehicles and social security systems.
Miller's class III gingival recession is a common entity observed in individuals, posing a difficult situation for the clinicians to treat. Large fenestration defects with cervical abrasion ...compromise the esthetics resulting in poor prognosis. Obtaining predictable and esthetic root coverage has become an integral part of periodontal therapy. The present case report describes a situation where class III gingival recession with cervical abrasion was seen in the lower central incisors. The patient was successfully treated with a combination of restorations (Filtek Z350® composite resin) to fill the defect, followed by fenestration procedure to increase the vestibular depth and subsequently with grafting procedure (soft tissue autograft with bovine-derived xenograft collagen Bio-oss). Though the results were not tangible esthetically, it was functionally successful as evidenced during the follow-up period.
More than 15% of all soft-tissue tumors arise in the hand. Because of the location of these tumors, even small abnormalities may be alarming to patients on presentation. Although the majority of ...lesions are benign and can be diagnosed solely by history and physical examination, additional imaging workup may be required to confirm a diagnosis or define anatomic extent of involvement. This paper aims to review the basic epidemiology, clinical presentation, imaging findings, and treatment options of the more common soft-tissue tumors of the hand.
The advancement in mobile technology is taking place at very high speed, especially in the case of smart devices. In recent years, the use of mobile phones has changed the life style of common ...people. As days pass, new and better technologies are emerging in this field which make the life of people easier and also help people to connect with one another in a better way than before. Initially, the usage of mobile phones was restricted only to make phone calls and send messages. The current use of mobile phones has evolved into a new revolution. The current smart phones provide almost all features that a laptop or desktop provides. It is also seen that social network has influenced a lot of message and call transfers among the known group of users. There are thousands of mobile applications available and most of these applications communicate to a well-known server or cloud service provider through the Internet and gives back an appropriate response to the mobile user. It is really challenging to find an interesting service provided by an unknown mobile user to another mobile user who is interested in receiving that service. In the present scenario, people find it difficult to pursue their interests or connect to other people of similar interests. Most of the times, mobile users are unaware of the activities that are happening around them. The main idea behind this work is to provide a framework to notify a mobile user about his interests currently available near him/her or in different locations. It connects people of similar interests in the location where they are currently in. This framework uses the existing SOAP and HTTP technologies along with redefined WSDL for describing web services on the mobile device. The data to be shared by the mobile web service provider may be generated by the sensors within the mobile device or the data is explicitly updated by the user dynamically or the data is collected from the external sensors/devices connected to internet of things through the mobile device. The cloud service is used to enable the service request mapping and repository. This framework may be used to define any web service on mobile devices and make them available to users based on interest, location and time. The main objective of the proposed work is to identify various dynamic location based mobile web services and to provide them a framework to share their services with the interested mobile service consumers.
Given the scarcity of alcohol prevention and use disorder treatments in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the World Health Organization has launched an eHealth portal that includes the ...web-based self-help program "Alcohol e-Health."
We aimed to test the effectiveness of the Alcohol e-Health program in a randomized controlled trial.
This was a two-arm, individually randomized, and controlled trial across four LMICs comparing the self-help program and a psychoeducation and internet access as usual waiting list. Participants were broadly recruited from community samples in Belarus, Brazil, India, and Mexico from January 2016 through January 2019. The primary outcome measure was change in the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score with a time frame of 6 months between baseline and follow-up. Secondary outcomes included self-reported numbers of standard drinks over the previous week and cessation of harmful or hazardous drinking (AUDIT score <8).
For this study, we recruited 1400 predominantly male (n=982, 70.1%) at least harmful or hazardous alcohol drinkers. The mean age was 37.6 years (SD 10.5). The participants were recruited from Brazil (n=587), Mexico (n=509), India (n=212), and Belarus (n=92). Overall, complete case analysis identified higher AUDIT changes in the intervention group (B=-4.18, 95% CI -5.42 to -2.93, P<.001, d=0.56) that were mirrored by changes in weekly standard drinks (B=-9.34, 95% CI -15.90 to -2.77, P=.005, d=0.28) and cessation rates for harmful or hazardous drinking (χ
=14.56, N=561, P<.001). The supplementary intention-to-treat analyses largely confirmed these initial results.
The expansion of the Alcohol e-Health program to other LMICs with underdeveloped alcohol prevention and treatment systems for alcohol use disorders should be considered after successful replication of the present results.
ISRCTN ISRCTN14037475; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14037475.
RR2-10.1111/add.14034.
Aim
Detection of early onset colorectal cancer is challenging, and remains a rare diagnosis amongst younger people with gastrointestinal symptoms. We investigated whether faecal immunochemical ...testing (FIT) could identify younger patients at higher risk of colorectal cancer or serious bowel disease including colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease or advanced adenomas.
Methods
A subgroup analysis was performed of symptomatic patients under 50 years of age (<50) from the NICE FIT study, a multicentre, prospective diagnostic accuracy study of FIT conducted between October 2017 and December 2019. The diagnostic accuracy of FIT for colorectal cancer and serious bowel disease was investigated in younger patients at different faecal haemoglobin (f‐Hb) cut‐offs of 2, 10 and 150 µg blood/g faeces (µg/g).
Results
Early onset colorectal cancer was diagnosed in 1.5% (16/1103) of younger symptomatic patients. The sensitivity of FIT for younger patients aged <50 was 87.5% (95% CI 61.7%–98.4%), 81.3% (54.4%–96.0%) and 68.8% (41.3%–89.0%) at f‐Hb cut‐offs of 2, 10 and 150 µg/g, respectively. The positive predictive value for colorectal cancer increased from 4.2% (2.3%–6.9%) to 11.5% (5.9%–19.6%) at cut‐offs of 2 and 150 µg/g, while the positive predictive value for serious bowel disease increased from 31.3% (26.3%–36.5%) to 65.6% (55.2%–75.0%) at the same cut‐offs. The negative predictive value of FIT for colorectal cancer remained above 99.5% at all cut‐offs.
Conclusion
Detectable f‐Hb on FIT in symptomatic younger patients may indicate referral for investigation of colorectal cancer and serious bowel disease.
Purpose: Electrotherapy is a common intervention for the rehabilitation of Bell’s palsy. Low-level Laser Therapy (LLLT) and Electrical Stimulation (ES) are two therapeutic interventions for Bell’s ...palsy that have been proven to be superior to conventional treatments. To date, no clinical trial has compared the effectiveness of these two interventions. This pilot study was done to compare the effectiveness of LLLT and ES in the management of acute Bell’s palsy. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was done on 25 participants with acute Bell’s palsy who were randomized into two groups with 12 participants that received LLLT and 13 participants that received ES. All participants received 12 treatment sessions over two weeks. Sunnybrook Facial Grading System (SFGS) was used to assess facial symmetry and Facial Disability Index (FDI) for facial function. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after two weeks. Results: There was a significant improvement in SFGS and FDI scores within both groups (P<0.005). There was no significant difference in SFGS and FDI scores between groups (P=0.164; P=0.423). Conclusion: There is no difference between LLLT and ES in improving facial symmetry and function in acute Bell’s palsy.
Summary
Although the average frequency of β‐thalassaemia carriers in India is 3–4% and the prevalent mutations have been studied, no micromapping has been done. This is the first attempt to provide ...an accurate estimate of the frequencies of β‐thalassaemia and the expected annual births of homozygous children in different districts of Maharashtra and Gujarat in Western India as well as to determine the molecular heterogeneity in different sub‐regions in these states. A total of 18 651 individuals were screened for haemo‐globinopathies and mutations were characterized in 1334 β‐thalassaemia heterozygotes. There was an uneven distribution of the frequencies of β‐thalassaemia, varying from 1·0% to 6·0% and 0% to 9·5% in different districts of Maharasthra and Gujarat. The rate of homozygosity per 1000 births annually was 0·28 in Maharashtra and 0·39 in Gujarat. The three most prevalent β‐thalassaemia mutations in Maharashtra were IVS 1‐5(G→C), Codon 15(G→A) and Codon 30(G→C) (87·9%) while in Gujarat they were IVS 1‐5(G→C), 619 bp deletion and Codon 5(‐CT) (68·5%). These data will help to develop adequate programmes for control and care where they are most needed. They also emphasize the importance of subgroup micromapping for determining the health burden of a common genetic disease.
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