A highly selective ratiometric fluorescent chemodosimeter derived from 4-hydroxynaphthalimide was designed and synthesized to image palladium species in living cells by virtue of a ...palladium-catalyzed depropargylation reaction, and it could monitor three typical palladium species (0, + 2 and + 4) without additional reagents.
Two zwitterionic‐type ligands featuring π–π* and intraligand charge‐transfer (ILCT) excited states, namely 1,1′‐(2,3,5,6‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐phenylene)bis(methylene)dipyridinium‐4‐olate (TMPBPO) and ...1‐dodecylpyridin‐4(1 H)‐one (DOPO), have been prepared and applied to the assembly of lanthanide coordination complexes in an effort to understand the ligand‐direction effect on the structure of the Ln complexes and the ligand sensitization effect on the luminescence of the Ln complexes. Due to the wide‐band triplet states plus additional ILCT excitation states extending into lower energy levels, broadly and strongly sensitized photoluminescence of f→f transitions from various Ln3+ ions were observed to cover the visible to near‐infrared (NIR) regions. Among which, the Pr, Sm, Dy, and Tm complexes simultaneously display both strong visible and NIR emissions. Based on the isostructural feature of the Ln complexes, color tuning and single‐component white light was achieved by preparation of solid solutions of the ternary systems Gd‐Eu‐Tb (for TMPBPO) and La‐Eu‐Tb and La‐Dy‐Sm (for DOPO). Moreover, the visible and NIR luminescence lifetimes of the Ln complexes with the TMPBPO ligand were investigated from 77 to 298 K, revealing a strong temperature dependence of the Tm3+ (3H4) and Yb3+ (2F5/2) decay dynamics, which has not been explored before for their coordination complexes.
Little light: Two new types of zwitterionic ligands have been designed that show broad sensitization from both triplet and ILCT states for the whole series of LnIII ions in both the visible and the NIR region (see figure), as well as single‐phase white‐light emission.
Inflammation is the first biological response of the immune system to infection, injury or irritation. Evidence suggests that the anti-inflammatory effect is mediated through the regulation of ...various inflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor alpha-α, interferon gamma-γ as well as noncytokine mediator, prostaglandin E
. Fruits, vegetables, and food legumes contain high levels of phytochemicals that show anti-inflammatory effect, but their mechanisms of actions have not been completely identified. The aim of this paper was to summarize the recent investigations and findings regarding in vitro and animal model studies on the anti-inflammatory effects of fruits, vegetables, and food legumes. Specific cytokines released for specific type of physiological event might shed some light on the specific use of each source of phytochemicals that can benefit to counter the inflammatory response. As natural modulators of proinflammatory gene expressions, phytochemical from fruits, vegetables, and food legumes could be incorporated into novel bioactive anti-inflammatory formulations of various nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Finally, these phytochemicals are discussed as the natural promotion strategy for the improvement of human health status. The phenolics and triterpenoids in fruits and vegetables showed higher anti-inflammatory activity than other compounds. In food legumes, lectins and peptides had anti-inflammatory activity in most cases. However, there are lack of human study data on the anti-inflammatory activity of phytochemicals from fruits, vegetables, and food legumes.
β-glucan is a non-starch soluble polysaccharide widely present in yeast, mushrooms, bacteria, algae, barley, and oat. β-Glucan is regarded as a functional food ingredient due to its various health ...benefits. The high molecular weight (Mw) and high viscosity of β-glucan are responsible for its hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic properties. Thus, β-glucan is also used in the food industry for the production of functional food products. The inherent gel-forming property and high viscosity of β-glucan lead to the production of low-fat foods with improved textural properties. Various studies have reported the relationship between the molecular structure of β-glucan and its functionality. The structural characteristics of β-glucan, including specific glycosidic linkages, monosaccharide compositions, Mw, and chain conformation, were reported to affect its physiochemical and biological properties. Researchers have also reported some chemical, physical, and enzymatic treatments can successfully alter the molecular structure and functionalities of β-glucan. This review article attempts to review the available literature on the relationship of the molecular structure of β-glucan with its functionalities, and future perspectives in this area.
A great interest of β-glucans with many health-promoting and prebiotic properties has been registered. β-Glucans are major bioactive compounds known to have biological activities including ...anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating properties. Due to the specific physical properties of β-glucan, such as water solubility, viscosity, and gelation, it has been increasingly used by the food and other industries. The aim of this review is to present an overview on the production technologies of β-glucan, such as extraction, isolation, purification technologies from different sources, for instance yeast, fungi, bacteria, and cereal, aiming its optimization for more effective production processes. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties, chemical modifications, possible industrial applications and future prospects of β-glucans in foods, medicines, cosmetics, and other potential value-added products are also summarized. Data indicate that β-glucans will play an increasing role in current and future global food and medical sectors.
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•Beta-glucan has been increasingly used by the food and other industries.•Latest progress on production and application of glucans was summarized.•Physicochemical properties and chemical modifications of β-glucan were reported.•Potential value-added products derived from β-glucans were also summarized.•β-glucans will play an increasing role in future global food and medical sectors.
Multicolored photoluminescence tuning in a single-phase material has invaluable potential in display and security applications. By deliberate design of a multifunctional antenna ligand and precise ...control of mixed metal ionic compositions in lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), we achieved dichromatic fine-tuning among red, green, or blue primary colors through growth of a series of isomorphous Ln-MOF crystals·solvents of formula Ln n Ln′ 1–n (TTP) 2 ·H 2 OCl 3 (Ln = Ln′ = Eu, Tb, and Gd, 1–3; Ln = Eu, Ln′ = Tb, 4–8; Ln = Gd, Ln′ = Eu, 9–11; Ln = Gd, Ln′ = Tb, 12–14; 0 < n < 1; TTP = 1′,1″-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzene-1,3,5-triyl)tris(methylene)tris(pyridine-4(1H)-one)). The linear dependence of the emissions were analyzed, and the mathematical matrix models were established, which are useful to control the synthetic conditions and to predict the color chromaticity coordinates under varied excitation wavelengths. The potential relevance of these multicolored photoluminescent Ln-MOFs to barcoded materials was demonstrated.
Nanoporous gold (NPG) film modified electrode for the construction of novel label-free electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of cancer biomarker prostate specific antigen (PSA) is ...described. Due to its high conductivity, large surface area, and good biocompatibility, NPG film modified electrode was used for the adsorption of anti-PSA antibody (Ab). The sensing signal is based on the monitoring of the electrode's current response towards K
3Fe(CN)
6, which is extremely sensitive to the formation of immunocomplex within the nanoporous film. Under optimum conditions, the amperometric signal decreases linearly with PSA concentration (0.05–26
ng/mL), resulting in a low limit of detection (3
pg/mL). We demonstrated the application of the novel immunosensor for the detection of PSA in real sample with satisfactory results.
The Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen (SJTO) of the eastern Tethyan tectonic belt in China records a transition from Late Paleozoic Tethys realm to Cenozoic continental collision associated with the formation ...of large metallic mineral deposits. This contribution combines geological and Hf-isotopic data for igneous rocks from the SJTO, together with the salient features associated with mineralization to gain insights into the crustal architecture and metallogeny. Integrating the available information from tectonic events, sedimentary successions, paleobiogeography, and paleolatitude based on paleomagnetic data, the Hf isotopic maps that we construct highlight the Changning–Menglian Suture as an important tectonic boundary between the Gondwana and Cathaysian continents. The Changning–Menglian Suture separates two distinct Hf isotopic domains with an old, reworked, crustal block to the southwestern part of the SJTO, and a juvenile crustal block with significant mantle-derived components to the northeastern part of the orogen.
The Hf isotopic mapping of the SJTO also provides important indications on the location of different deposits. The Jinshajiang–Ailaoshan Suture appears to have exerted a first-order control on the localisation of Cenozoic magmatism and intrusion-related mineral systems. The magmatic source for intrusions in the eastern high-εHf, low TDMc domain, is dominated by mantle components and gave rise to porphyry and porphyry–skarn Cu–(Mo) mineralization. In contrast, the magma sources for intrusions in the low-εHf, high TDMc domains contain an old and reworked crustal component and gave rise to granite-related Sn–W mineralization. Those for the intrusions characterized by variable εHf and TDMc are dominantly reworked older crustal components together with subordinate juvenile material which generated the granite-related Pb–Zn–Cu–Ag mineralization.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Due to the growing economic burden of NAFLD on public health, it has become an emergent ...target for clinical intervention. DUSP12 is a member of the dual specificity phosphatase (DUSP) family, which plays important roles in brown adipocyte differentiation, microbial infection, and cardiac hypertrophy. However, the role of DUSP12 in NAFLD has yet to be clarified. Here, we reveal that DUSP12 protects against hepatic steatosis and inflammation in L02 cells after palmitic acid/oleic acid treatment. We demonstrate that hepatocyte specific DUSP12‐deficient mice exhibit high‐fat diet (HFD)–induced and high‐fat high‐cholesterol diet–induced hyperinsulinemia and liver steatosis and decreased insulin sensitivity. Consistently, DUSP12 overexpression in hepatocyte could reduce HFD‐induced hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation. At the molecular level, steatosis in the absence of DUSP12 was characterized by elevated apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), which mediates the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and hepatic metabolism. DUSP12 physically binds to ASK1, promotes its dephosphorylation, and inhibits its action on ASK1‐related proteins, JUN N‐terminal kinase, and p38 MAPK in order to inhibit lipogenesis under high‐fat conditions. Conclusion: DUSP12 acts as a positive regulator in hepatic steatosis and offers potential therapeutic opportunities for NAFLD.
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