Utilizing a standardized dataset based on a newly developed list of 27 univocally defined complications, this study analyzed data to assess the incidence and grading of complications and evaluate ...outcomes associated with gastrectomy for cancer in Europe.
The absence of a standardized system for recording gastrectomy-associated complications makes it difficult to compare results from different hospitals and countries.
Using a secure online platform (www.gastrodata.org), referral centers for gastric cancer in 11 European countries belonging to the Gastrectomy Complications Consensus Group recorded clinical, oncological, and surgical data, and outcome measures at hospital discharge and at 30 and 90 days postoperatively. This retrospective observational study included all consecutive resections over a 2-year period.
A total of 1349 gastrectomies performed between January 2017 and December 2018 were entered into the database. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 577 patients (42.8%). Total (46.1%) and subtotal (46.4%) gastrectomy were the predominant resections. D2 or D2+ lymphadenectomy was performed in almost 80% of operations. The overall complications' incidence was 29.8%; 402 patients developed 625 complications, with the most frequent being nonsurgical infections (23%), anastomotic leak (9.8%), other postoperative abnormal fluid from drainage and/or abdominal collections (9.3%), pleural effusion (8.3%), postoperative bleeding (5.6%), and other major complications requiring invasive treatment (5.6%). The median Clavien-Dindo score and Comprehensive Complications Index were IIIa and 26.2, respectively. In-hospital, 30-day, and 90-day mortality were 3.2%, 3.6%, and 4.5%, respectively.
The use of a standardized platform to collect European data on perioperative complications revealed that gastrectomy for gastric cancer is still associated with heavy morbidity and mortality. Actions are needed to limit the incidence of, and to effectively treat, the most frequent and most lethal complications.
Patients with severe COVID-19 have overwhelmed healthcare systems worldwide. We hypothesized that machine learning (ML) models could be used to predict risks at different stages of management and ...thereby provide insights into drivers and prognostic markers of disease progression and death. From a cohort of approx. 2.6 million citizens in Denmark, SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests were performed on subjects suspected for COVID-19 disease; 3944 cases had at least one positive test and were subjected to further analysis. SARS-CoV-2 positive cases from the United Kingdom Biobank was used for external validation. The ML models predicted the risk of death (Receiver Operation Characteristics-Area Under the Curve, ROC-AUC) of 0.906 at diagnosis, 0.818, at hospital admission and 0.721 at Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Similar metrics were achieved for predicted risks of hospital and ICU admission and use of mechanical ventilation. Common risk factors, included age, body mass index and hypertension, although the top risk features shifted towards markers of shock and organ dysfunction in ICU patients. The external validation indicated fair predictive performance for mortality prediction, but suboptimal performance for predicting ICU admission. ML may be used to identify drivers of progression to more severe disease and for prognostication patients in patients with COVID-19. We provide access to an online risk calculator based on these findings.
A multidimensional quantum mechanical protocol is used to describe the photoinduced electron transfer and electronic coherence in plant cryptochromes without any semiempirical, e.g., experimentally ...obtained, parameters. Starting from a two-level spin-boson Hamiltonian we look at the effect that the initial photoinduced nuclear bath distribution has on an intermediate step of this biological electron transfer cascade for two idealized cases. The first assumes a slow equilibration of the nuclear bath with respect to the previous electron transfer step that leads to an ultrafast decay with little temperature dependence; while the second assumes a prior fast bath equilibration on the donor potential energy surface leading to a much slower decay, which contrarily displays a high temperature dependence and a better agreement with previous theoretical and experimental results. Beyond Marcus and semiclassical pictures these results unravel the strong impact that the presence or not of equilibrium initial conditions has on the electronic population and coherence dynamics at the quantum dynamics level in this and conceivably in other biological electron transfer cascades.
Die überarbeitete 12. Auflage dieses klassischen Lehrbuchs enthält die theoretischen Grundlagen der allgemeinen und anorganischen Chemie, eine Einführung in die anorganische Stoffchemie sowie eine ...Übersicht zu aktuellen Umweltproblemen. Dank seiner klaren Struktur und des prägnanten Schreibstils ist dieses Werk ein Favorit der Studierenden. Die zweifarbige Gestaltung unterstützt die Nutzung als Lehrbuch und Repetitorium zur Prüfungsvorbereitung.
The existence of a (multivariate) copula with a given value of a (multivariate) quasi-copula at a single point is known. In the bivariate case, the existence of a copula with given values of a ...quasi-copula at two or three arbitrary points is also known. In this paper, we give an alternative proof of the existence of a trivariate copula with a given value of a trivariate quasi-copula at a single point. This proof relies on the reformulation of the existence problem as a linear programming minimization problem and its solution by means of the simplex algorithm. The same method is then used to prove the existence of a trivariate copula with given values of a trivariate quasi-copula at two arbitrary points in the unit cube. We furthermore establish a counter-example showing that the existence for given values at three points is not guaranteed. This completes the analysis of the trivariate case.
In animal movement research, the probability density function (PDF) of the time-integrated Brownian bridge (TIBB) is used to delineate important regions on the basis of tracking data. Here, it is ...assumed that an animal performs a Brownian bridge between the data points. As such, the location at any moment in time of an individual performing a Brownian bridge is described by a normal distribution. The (time-independent) marginal probability density at a given point, i.e., the value of the PDF of the TIBB at that point, is obtained by averaging these normal distributions over time. To the best of our knowledge, the PDF of the TIBB is thus far always computed through the use of numerical integration methods. Here, we demonstrate that it is nevertheless possible to derive its analytical expression. Although the two-dimensional setting is the most interesting one for animal movement studies, also the one- and, in general, the
n
-dimensional setting are considered.
The standard work on modern inorganic chemistry for students in chemistry master programs, this book presents well-founded information on the different areas of inorganic chemistry in a unique way. ...It includes a large number of exercises with solutions accessible online.
In 2012 the European Union Network of Excellence on gastric and esophagogastric junction cancer (EUNE) held its third conference in Cologne, Germany. The main themes discussed included translational ...research, standard and audit, early diagnosis, development of surgical treatment, adequate surgery for EGJ cancer, adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment, prevention of peritoneal carcinomatosis and finally education and training. The meeting was attended by 150 experts from 18 different countries.
A hitchhiker's guide to poset ranking De Loof, Karel; De Baets, Bernard; De Meyer, Hans ...
Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening
11, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
When ranking objects (like chemicals, geographical sites, river sections, etc.) by multicriteria analysis, it is in most cases controversial and difficult to find a common scale among the criteria of ...concern. Therefore, ideally, one should not resort to such artificial additional constraints. The theory of partially ordered sets (or posets for short) provides a solid formal framework for the ranking of objects without assigning a common scale and/or weights to the criteria, and therefore constitutes a valuable alternative to traditional approaches. In this paper, we aim to give a comprehensive literature review on the topic. First we formalize the problem of ranking objects according to some predefined criteria. In this theoretical framework, we focus on several algorithms and illustrate them on a toy example. To conclude, a more realistic real-world application shows the power of some of the algorithms considered in this paper.
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