An ecological footprint is an accounting tool that reports the balance between resource supply and demand to assess environmental sustainability. Among the many available indicators of social ...progress, happiness reflects how a person feels about their quality of life. We combined these two approaches to assess the ecological efficiency of social performance in the low-income community of Felicidade, in São Paulo, Brazil, in 2019. We assessed the ecological footprint and gross domestic happiness (GDH) through questionnaires. We found that the community has a lower environmental footprint than higher-income communities in Brazil. However, the per capita ecological footprint in the community is still above what is available per person globally. We found that the community has a high level of life satisfaction (GDH = 0.86) and that the main contributor to happiness is health, time use, psychological wellbeing, education, good governance, and community vitality. The results suggest that other contributors unrelated to income are more robust determinants of happiness. In Brazil, despite higher footprints characterizing higher-income communities, further efforts in low-income communities are needed to reduce environmental footprints, ensure dignified income, and nurture the underlying conditions for high levels of happiness and social capital.
A ovariohisterectomia (OH) eletiva em cadelas é o procedimento mais realizado na cirurgia de pequenos animais. No presente trabalho, foram utilizados três grupos de sete animais (GI, GII e GIII), ...submetidos a três técnicas de OH eletiva: por celiotomia ("técnica convencional"), por miniceliotomia ("técnica do gancho de Snook"), via cirurgia endoscópica transluminal por orifícios naturais (NOTES) híbrida. Na comparação, foram considerados o tempo de cirurgia, as complicações e dificuldades técnicas trans e pós-operatórias, a avaliação de dor pós-operatória, a quantidade (g) de sangramento cirúrgico estimado, além da determinação de determinados parâmetros vitais, como: frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (ƒ), temperatura retal, pressão arterial (média) invasiva (PAI) e a pressão venosa central (PVC). A OH via NOTES vaginal híbrida foi a técnica que apresentou menor escore de desconforto pós-operatório, menor sangramento cirúrgico, porém com maior tempo cirúrgico, comparado com as modalidade convencional e por miniceliotomia.
A ovariohisterectomia (OH) eletiva em cadelas é o procedimento mais realizado na cirurgia de pequenos animais. No presente trabalho, foram utilizados três grupos de sete animais (GI, GII e GIII), ...submetidos a três técnicas de OH eletiva: por celiotomia ("técnica convencional"), por miniceliotomia ("técnica do gancho de Snook"), via cirurgia endoscópica transluminal por orifícios naturais (NOTES) híbrida. Na comparação, foram considerados o tempo de cirurgia, as complicações e dificuldades técnicas trans e pós-operatórias, a avaliação de dor pós-operatória, a quantidade (g) de sangramento cirúrgico estimado, além da determinação de determinados parâmetros vitais, como: frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (ƒ), temperatura retal, pressão arterial (média) invasiva (PAI) e a pressão venosa central (PVC). A OH via NOTES vaginal híbrida foi a técnica que apresentou menor escore de desconforto pós-operatório, menor sangramento cirúrgico, porém com maior tempo cirúrgico, comparado com as modalidade convencional e por miniceliotomia.
The elective ovariohysterectomy (OH) is the most frequent procedures performed in dogs. In this study was used three groups of seven animals each (GI, GII, and GIII) that was undergone to three elective OH techniques: (i) mini-celiotomy ("Snook-hook technique"), (ii) hybrid Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES), and (iii) celiotomy ("conventional surgery"). The surgical techniques were compared considering the surgery time, trans and postoperative complications, technical difficulties, postoperative pain, surgical bleedind and some vital parameters as: heart rate (FC), respiratory rate (ƒ), rectal temperature, invasive blood pressure (PVI) and central venous pressure (PVC). The OH by hybrid vaginal NOTES was the technique with the lowest post-surgical discomfort score and the lowest surgical bleeding, although its surgical time was higher compared to the conventional and the hook (mini-celiotomy) modalities.
The elective ovariohysterectomy (OH) is the most frequent procedures performed in dogs. In this study was used three groups of seven animals each (GI, GII, and GIII) that was undergone to three ...elective OH techniques: (i) mini-celiotomy ("Snook-hook technique"), (ii) hybrid Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES), and (iii) celiotomy ("conventional surgery"). The surgical techniques were compared considering the surgery time, trans and postoperative complications, technical difficulties, postoperative pain, surgical bleedind and some vital parameters as: heart rate (FC), respiratory rate (f), rectal temperature, invasive blood pressure (PVI) and central venous pressure (PVC). The OH by hybrid vaginal NOTES was the technique with the lowest post-surgical discomfort score and the lowest surgical bleeding, although its surgical time was higher compared to the conventional and the hook (mini-celiotomy) modalities. Key words: castration, laparoscopy, minimally-invasive surgery, canine. A ovariohisterectomia (OH) eletiva em cadelas e o procedimento mais realizado na cirurgia de pequenos animais. No presente trabalho, foram utilizados tres grupos de sete animais (GI, GII e GIII), submetidos a tres tecnicas de OH eletiva: por celiotomia ("tecnica convencional"), por miniceliotomia ("tecnica do gancho de Snook"), via cirurgia endoscopica transluminal por orificios naturais (NOTES) hibrida. Na comparacao, foram considerados o tempo de cirurgia, as complicacoes e dificuldades tecnicas trans e pos-operatorias, a avaliacao de dor pos-operatoria, a quantidade (g) de sangramento cirurgico estimado, alem da determinacao de determinados parametros vitais, como: frequencia cardiaca (FC), frequencia respiratoria (f), temperatura retal, pressao arterial (media) invasiva (PAI) e a pressao venosa central (PVC). A OH via NOTES vaginal hibrida foi a tecnica que apresentou menor escore de desconforto pos-operatorio, menor sangramento cirurgico, porem com maior tempo cirurgico, comparado com as modalidade convencional e por miniceliotomia. Palavras-chave: castracao, laparoscopia, cirurgia minimamente invasiva, canino.
The elective ovariohysterectomy (OH) is the most frequent procedures performed in dogs. In this study was used three groups of seven animals each (GI, GII, and GIII) that was undergone to three ...elective OH techniques: (i) mini-celiotomy ("Snook-hook technique"), (ii) hybrid Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES), and (iii) celiotomy ("conventional surgery"). The surgical techniques were compared considering the surgery time, trans and postoperative complications, technical difficulties, postoperative pain, surgical bleedind and some vital parameters as: heart rate (FC), respiratory rate (f), rectal temperature, invasive blood pressure (PVI) and central venous pressure (PVC). The OH by hybrid vaginal NOTES was the technique with the lowest post-surgical discomfort score and the lowest surgical bleeding, although its surgical time was higher compared to the conventional and the hook (mini-celiotomy) modalities.
Stomach cancer is a neoplastic pathology affecting the inner lining cells of this digestive organ, representing a significant public health concern globally due to its mortality and the strain it ...places on health systems. Various risk factors are associated with this neoplasm, such as age, sex, color/race, diet, among others. In the northern region, stomach cancer is the second most common type of neoplasm among men. Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile of hospital admissions for stomach cancer in the northern region of Brazil from 2011 to 2021. Methodology: this is a longitudinal epidemiological study based on secondary data from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) regarding the number of hospital admissions, gender, age group, and color/race, as well as the mortality rate from gastric tumors in the northern region of Brazil from 2011 to 2021. Results: during the analyzed period, 13,965 hospital admissions for gastric neoplasms were recorded in the north. The state of Pará recorded the highest numbers in the period, with 5,595 cases, followed by the state of Amazonas. The profile of hospitalized patients was: population over 60 years old, male sex, and mixed race. The mortality rate was 22.13% with the same epidemiological profile as the admissions. Conclusion: the impact of gastric cancer on the northern population is a public health problem that requires the creation and maintenance of public policies for prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment.
The Amazon rainforest is the world's largest tropical forest, and this biome may be a significant contributor to primary biological aerosol (PBA) emissions on a global scale. These aerosols also play ...a pivotal role in modulating ecosystem dynamics, dispersing biological material over geographic barriers and influencing climate through radiation absorption, light scattering, or acting as cloud condensation nuclei. Despite their importance, there are limited studies investigating the effect of environmental variables on the bioaerosol composition in the Amazon rainforest. Here we present a 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing approach to investigate the bacterial microbiome in aerosols of the Amazon rainforest during distinct seasons and at different heights above the ground. Our data revealed that seasonal changes in temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation are the primary drivers of compositional changes in the Amazon rainforest aerosol microbiome. Interestingly, no significant differences were observed in the bacterial community composition of aerosols collected at ground and canopy levels. The core airborne bacterial families present in Amazon aerosol were Enterobacteriaceae, Beijerinckiaceae, Polyangiaceae, Bacillaceae and Ktedonobacteraceae. By correlating the bacterial taxa identified in the aerosol with literature data, we speculate that the phyllosphere may be one possible source of airborne bacteria in the Amazon rainforest. Results of this study indicate that the aerosol microbiota of the Amazon Rainforest are fairly diverse and principally impacted by seasonal changes in temperature and humidity.
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•The Amazon aerosol microbiome was studied during distinct seasons and heights.•Seasons had a major impact on the Amazon aerosol microbiome.•Humidity and temperature were main drivers of Bacterial taxa present in the Amazon aerosol.•Airborne bacterial taxa were not directly related to those present in soil.
IntroductionThe WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist (WHO SCC) was developed to accelerate adoption of essential practices that prevent maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality during childbirth. This ...study aims to summarise the current landscape of organisations and facilities that have implemented the WHO SCC and compare the published strategies used to implement the WHO SCC implementation in both successful and unsuccessful efforts.Methods and analysisThis scoping review protocol follows the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data will be collected and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews report. The search strategy will include publications from the databases Scopus, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science, in addition to a search in grey literature in The National Library of Australia’s Trobe, DART-Europe E-Theses Portal, Electronic Theses Online Service, Theses Canada, Google Scholar and Theses and dissertations from Latin America. Data extraction will include data on general information, study characteristics, organisations involved, sociodemographic context, implementation strategies, indicators of implementation process, frameworks used to design or evaluate the strategy, implementation outcomes and final considerations. Critical analysis of implementation strategies and outcomes will be performed with researchers with experience implementing the WHO SCC.Ethics and disseminationThe study does not require an ethical review due to its design as a scoping review of the literature. The results will be submitted for publication to a scientific journal and all relevant data from this study will be made available in Dataverse.Trial registration number https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RWY27.
Oil spills, detected by SAR sensors as dark areas, are highly effective marine pollutants that affect the ocean surface. These spills change the water surface tension, attenuating capillary ...gravitational waves and causing specular reflections. We conducted a case study in the Persian Gulf (Arabian Sea to the Strait of Hormuz), where approximately 163,900 gal of crude oil spilled in March 2017. Our study examined the relationship between oil weathering processes and extracted backscatter values using zonal slices projected over SAR-detected oil spills. Internal backscatter values ranged from −22.5 to −23.5, indicating an oil chemical binding and minimal interaction with seawater. MEDSLIK-II simulations indicated increased oil solubilization and radar attenuation rates with wind, facilitating coastal dispersion. Higher backscatter at the spill edges compared to the core reflected different stages of oil weathering. These results highlight the complex dynamics of oil spills and their environmental impact on marine ecosystems.
•Marine oil spill detection with SAR images reveals significant backscatter variation.•Novel method using zonal slices to extract SAR backscatter values over oil spills.•Characterization of oil weathering stages using SAR backscatter changes.•Wind-driven oil solubilization is demonstrated in MEDSLIK-II simulations.•Different oil spill backscatter patterns indicating distinct weathering processes.
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