Objective
We evaluated ductal closure rates in preterm neonates with hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) who received paracetamol (PCM) as first-line therapy.
Methods
In this ...retrospective chart review, we included inborn preterm (< 37 weeks) neonates (January 2017–December 2021) with hsPDA (ductal diameter > 1.5 mm and left atrium-to-aortic root ratio (La/Ao > 1.4) who were treated with oral or intravenous PCM. Primary outcome was hsPDA closure (defined as small or no PDA) following 3-day treatment. Secondary outcomes were need for retreatment and surgical ligation, pulmonary hypertension (PH), and in-hospital morbidities.
Results
Out of 2784 preterm births, 117 neonates were diagnosed with hsPDA. Out of 96 neonates who received PCM in the first course, 20 died before the completing the first course. The median (IQR) gestation and birth weight of neonates who received PCM were 28 (26, 29) weeks and 841 (714, 1039) g, respectively. Out of 76 neonates who completed treatment with first course of PCM (57 intravenous, 19 oral), 43 (56.6%) achieved successful closure and five (6.6%) developed PH. 14 neonates received a second course of PCM; 10 achieved closure of hsPDA while one expired.
Conclusion
Paracetamol is associated with successful closure of hsPDA in 56.6% of preterm neonates after one course and 70% of preemies after two courses
The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) recently published an updated classification of seizures and epilepsy. This updated classification aims to have a better organized classification and ...ensure better understanding of terms, in addition to including new seizure types. As both seizures and epilepsy are important childhood conditions, we herein list some of the important aspects of the updated classification for the benefit of the general pediatricians. The full classifications are available at the ILAE website.
Electroless Ni–P and Ni–P–CuO coating on mild steel was developed successfully with the addition of Zwitterionic surfactant. The usage of nano-CuO in electroless coating was intermittent though the ...cost is low with high catalytic activity. Zwitterionic surfactant was introduced into the composite coating for the first time to increase the suspension of nanoparticles effectively during the coating process. Surfactant helps to reduce the intermolecular attraction between the solid and liquid interfaces and hence binding of nanoparticles with the hydrogen gas bubbles was eliminated. Also agglomeration of nanoparticles was controlled by stirring the electrolyte continuously using magnetic stirrer. The characterization and tribological properties were tested for the newly developed composites. Scanning electron microscope micrograph reveals the deposits are produced without any defects and the presence of CuO nanoparticles in the deposit. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy measurement shows the changes of weight percentage of elements available in the substrate. The surface roughness of the deposit was improved with the addition of CuO, it packs the gap between two grains and offers smooth finish and as the result the surface properties are modified. Microhardness of the substrate was improved for the substrate added with nano-CuO. The corrosion resistance of the substrate was improved when compared to the substrate produced using electroless Ni–P binary coating. Zwitterionic surfactant reduces the agglomeration of nanoparticles during chemical reaction and allows the particles to coat only on the target. Similarly, this technique can be implemented in the production of other composites in electroless coatings.
In this paper, synthesis characterization and testing of hybrid polymer composite reinforced with electroless coated glass fiber is reported. The poly vinyl ester based composite is prepared with ...Electroless nickel phosphorus (Ni-P) coated glass fiber as the reinforcement. The glass fiber is coated with Ni-P by electroless plating method. The electroless Ni-P coating increases coating uniformity which in turn significantly improves properties such as hardness, strength and wear resistance of the glass fiber. Nano additives (0.5 wt.%) such as iron oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc oxide are added into the matrix as fillers. The influence of different Nano fillers and its effect on the mechanical properties are examined. The result showed that after adding different nano particles, TiO2 exhibited better properties when compared to composites with other nano additives. The experimental results showed that after Ni-P coating on the glass fiber, the ultimate tensile strength and compressive strength improved by 18% and 10% respectively and TiO2 added PMC with 63%, 25% and 5% respectively.
Products manufactured from every manufacturing process exhibit some defects. To supply quality products to the customer these defects must be reduced. The motivation for this work is to reduce ...defects in end products reaching customers, thereby increasing productivity. The objective of present work is to reduce the rejection of parts due to blowhole defects that arise during High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC) process. The casting product selected for this study is rack housing made of aluminium alloy (ADC 12) connected with steering column of automobiles. The process parameters taken for study are Limit Switch Position, Intensification Pressure, Phase-1 Velocity and Phase-2 Velocity. Density of casting is chosen as the response factor for the parameters taken for study. Taguchi parameter design approach is used to optimize the process parameters. By varying the selected process parameters with various levels obtained through Taguchi method different experiments were conducted. The experiments are conducted based on L25 orthogonal array. To determine the percent contribution of various process parameters ANOVA have been performed. The optimum process parameters were obtained for minimum blowhole in HPDC of ADC 12 alloy. The optimum process parameters level obtained using Taguchi technique to minimize castings defects for Limit Switch Position, Intensification Pressure, Phase-1 Velocity and Phase-2 Velocity are 170 mm, 300 kg/cm2, 1 m/s and 4 m/s respectively.
The depletion of natural energy resources are the major concern in the world therefore the researcher’s focus is to utilize the renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, tidal etc. The ...importance of the effective usage and utilization of the natural resources are the current focus among scientific community. One of the abundantly available energy resource among all the natural resource is solar energy. Nowadays, Phase Change Materials (PCM) are used for storing the heat energy in the heaters to get efficient system. The function of solar water heater is to heat the water and supply the hot water during day time from the storage tank. But, the PCM installed solar water heater stores the heat energy during day time and supply the hot water even at night time for domestic purposes. Several experiments were conducted to optimize the developed system to get better output. Aluminium Oxide nano fillers are used to find the energy storing capacity and compared the results with and without nanofiller. From the obtained results, PCM absorbs more the heat energy and release the heat for longer duration. The nanofiller also improved the water temperature of 33% more than other commercial water heaters.
High-performance computer systems, Deep learning algorithms, and sensors work together to enable autonomous driving. First, information about the surroundings around the vehicle is gathered via ...sensors like lidar, radar, and cameras. Then, deep learning algorithms evaluate this data to determine how the car should react, such as with steering or braking. These computations are done in real-time using high-performance computer devices There is ongoing research towards the creation of autonomous vehicle image categorization systems, however the systems confront several difficulties. In recent years, several approaches-including the application of deep learning algorithms and the incorporation of sensor fusion technology have been suggested to solve these problems. The precise and effective categorization of photographs taken in actual surroundings continues to present difficulties. The requirement to analyse massive volumes of data in real-time, which necessitates powerful computation and effective algorithms, is one of the key obstacles. In this paper we include the idea of detecting vehicles and things on the road, such as vehicles and lane detection, which can be used for autonomous vehicles. The main objective to achieve this our proposed system includes a popular algorithm YOLO (You Only Look Once) YOLOV3. By including the concept of detecting objects using YOLOV3, better results can be obtained by increasing the grid size to 26*26. This extended grid size helps to detect the smaller objects.
There is an increasing concern over the quality of incoming recycled material for the manufacturing of tyre tread compounds. Often, the recycled material is a blend of different tyre segments. The ...parts and segments of tyre generally contain varying composition of rubber constituents. Because of the similar physical appearance, the source and composition of this material are somewhat complicated to be differentiated, hence compromising the quality of the tyre treads produced. In the manufacturing of tyre treads especially for heavy vehicles such as buses and trucks, the recycled material of sufficient quality should be used. They were investigated with regard to the mechanical properties and morphological studies. Tensile modulus and hardness appreciably increased with WTR loading. Tear strength increased with increasing GTP. The dispersion of hybrid composites in the matrix was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. However use GTP in partial NR-SBR compounds, suitable for low potential application which leads to significant solution of environmental contamination.
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