OBJETIVOS: descrever e avaliar o perfil do Programa de Triagem Neonatal baiano em 2003. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo baseado no banco de dados do Serviço de Referência de Triagem Neonatal baiano com ...todos os recém-nascidos que realizaram a triagem na rede de coleta do Estado em 2003. RESULTADOS: observou-se implantação do programa em 94,5% dos municípios. A média mensal de testados foi de 13.991 (72,51% dos recém-nascidos registrados). Na coleta, 63,9% das crianças estavam com idade entre oito dias e um mês, 14,5% com até sete dias e 21,6% com mais de um mês. A incidência observada foi de 1:22.000 para fenilcetonúria, 1:4.000 para o hipotireoidismo congênito e 1:650 para as hemoglobinopatias. CONCLUSÕES: o Programa de Triagem Neonatal baiano mostrou, em 2003, dificuldades quanto a cobertura preconizada em 100%; a faixa etária ideal para realização da coleta; ao tempo entre a coleta e a chegada das amostras ao Serviço de Referência em Triagem Neonatal; ao tempo de entrega dos resultados à família; e ao tempo de reconvocação dos casos positivos. Assim, são necessárias algumas melhorias para agilizar esses processos.
Since patients who regularly take NSAIDS may use sucralfate because of its cytoprotective properties, we examined the influence of this compound on the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac.
Potassium ...diclofenac (105 mg) was administered orally to eighteen healthy male volunteers with or without a 5-day pre-treatment with sucralfate (2000 mg twice daily). Blood samples were collected at intervals post-dose and serum concentrations of diclofenac were determined by reverse-phase h.p.l.c.
Pre-treatment with sucralfate significantly decreased both the AUC(0,8 h) 2265 ng h ml-1 (geometric mean) (range 1815-2827) vs 1821 ng h ml-1 (1295-2562) and the Cmax 1135 ng ml-1 (geometric mean) (range 898-1436) 701 ng ml-1 (501-981) with no significant delay in absorption tmax 1.0 h (median) (range 0.5-2.0) vs 1.0 h (0.5-4.0).
The short-term treatment of healthy male volunteers with sucralfate decreases potassium diclofenac bioavailability. These findings suggest that either an appropriate increase in the diclofenac intake or the use of another gastric mucosa protector must be adopted.
OBJETIVOS: descrever e avaliar o perfil do Programa de Triagem Neonatal baiano em 2003. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo baseado no banco de dados do Serviço de Referência de Triagem Neonatal baiano com ...todos os recém-nascidos que realizaram a triagem na rede de coleta do Estado em 2003. RESULTADOS: observou-se implantação do programa em 94,5% dos municípios. A média mensal de testados foi de 13.991 (72,51% dos recém-nascidos registrados). Na coleta, 63,9% das crianças estavam com idade entre oito dias e um mês, 14,5% com até sete dias e 21,6% com mais de um mês. A incidência observada foi de 1:22.000 para fenilcetonúria, 1:4.000 para o hipotireoidismo congênito e 1:650 para as hemoglobinopatias. CONCLUSÕES: o Programa de Triagem Neonatal baiano mostrou, em 2003, dificuldades quanto a cobertura preconizada em 100%; a faixa etária ideal para realização da coleta; ao tempo entre a coleta e a chegada das amostras ao Serviço de Referência em Triagem Neonatal; ao tempo de entrega dos resultados à família; e ao tempo de reconvocação dos casos positivos. Assim, são necessárias algumas melhorias para agilizar esses processos.OBJECTIVES: describe and assess the Neonatal Screening Program of Bahia in 2003. METHODS: descriptive study based on the databank of the Neonatal Screening Reference Service of Bahia in all newborns previously screened in the data collecting network of 2003. RESULTS: the program was implemented in 94.5% of the municipalities. The monthly average of newborns assessed was of 13.991 (72.51% of the registered newborns). During data collection, 63.9% of the children were between eight days and one month old, 14.5% seven days old and 21.6% over one month old. The incidence determined was 1:22,000 for phenylketonuria, 1:4,000 for congenital hypothyroidism and 1:650 for sickle cell disease. CONCULSIONS: the Neonatal Screening Program of Bahia in 2003 fell short to the expected coverage of 100%, failed in selecting the ideal age group for blood sampling; there were difficulties as well related to the time elapsed between blood collection and samples arrival to the Neonatal Screening Reference Service; of test delivery to the family; and of positive cases recall. Therefore, improvements are needed to expedite procedures.
OBJETIVO: Verificar a existência de relação entre a presença de off-flavor e a carga de microrganismos em amostras de leite humano ordenhado rejeitadas pelo controle de qualidade de um banco de leite ...humano. MÉTODOS: Testou-se em 30 amostras de leite humano ordenhado com presença de off-flavor a ocorrência dos seguintes microrganismos: aeróbios mesófilos, psicrotróficos, proteolíticos, proteolíticos-psicrotróficos, termodúricos, termodúricos-psicrotróficos, bactérias lácticas, lipolíticos, bolores e leveduras e Staphylococcus aureus, coliformes totais e coliformes termotolerantes, de acordo com métodos oficiais. RESULTADOS: A ocorrência percentual dos microrganismos foi a seguinte: aeróbios mesófilos = 80%; psicrotróficos = 36,7%; proteolíticos = 46,7%; proteolíticos-psicrotróficos = 16,7%; termodúricos = 6,7%; termodúricos-psicrotróficos = 0%; bactérias lácticas = 50%; lipolíticos = 10%; bolores e leveduras = 6,7%; S. aureus = 30%; coliformes totais = 53,3%; e coliformes termotolerantes = 16,7%. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se relação consistente entre a presença de off-flavor e elevadas contagens dos microrganismos nas amostras analisadas, o que reforça a importância da pesquisa de off-flavor na seleção e no controle da qualidade dos bancos de leite humano.
We present historic and contemporary information on the distribution and abundance of Buff-breasted Sandpipers (Tryngites subruficollis) in South America. Historic information was collated from the ...literature, area ornithologists, and museums, whereas contemporary data were derived from surveys conducted throughout the main wintering range in Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil during the austral summers of 1999 and 2001. Variable circular plot sampling was used to estimate population densities. During 1999, the highest concentration of Buff-breasted Sandpipers in Argentina was in southern Bahía Samborombón (General Lavalle District) and areas north of Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon. During 2001, the highest concentrations in Brazil were at Ilha da Torotama and Lagoa do Peixe National Park. During 1999 and 2001, the highest concentrations of Buff-breasted Sandpipers in Uruguay were found along three lagoons (Laguna de Rocha, Laguna de Castillos, and Laguna Garzón) bordering the Atlantic Ocean. Population densities (birds/ha) of Buff-breasted Sandpipers were 0.11 (95% C.I. = 0.04–0.31) in Argentina, 1.62 (0.67–3.93) in Brazil, and 1.08 (0.37–3.18) in Uruguay. High turnover rates at survey sites, due to the formation of large, mobile flocks, contributed to moderately large confidence intervals around our population density estimates. Nevertheless, compared with historic accounts of Buff-breasted Sandpipers, our survey data indicate the population size of this species has declined substantially since the late 1800s and contemporary information suggests the species has continued to decline during the past three decades. Buff-breasted Sandpipers were found almost exclusively in pasturelands and appear to depend heavily upon intensive grazing by livestock, which maintain suitable short grass conditions. We discuss the need for protection of critical areas and proper range management to ensure appropriate habitat remains available for the species, and provide suggestions for future research needs.
ABSTRACT This study was performed to introduce the allele Bush of commercial cultivars with a bush growth habit into Cucurbita moschata accessions and select the best crossings for production ...potential and standard fruit shape “Menina Brasileira” through general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). To determine GCA and SCA, a partial diallel analysis was performed. The parental group (group I) consisted of two cultivars containing the dwarfism bush gene, and the second group (Group II), formed by five accessions of UFV Vegetable Germplasm Bank, with high production potential and fruit shape “Menina Brasileira”. We evaluated: productivity (PROD), fruit shape (FORM), growth rate until the 50th day after transplanting (CRESC), and length of the main stem on the 50th day (COMP). Significant differences were noticed for CRESC and COMP only between GCA of parents belonging to group I, in which Zapallo stood out. For PROD and FORM, diallel analysis proved to be efficient in studying GCA effects. Cultivar Piramoita (group I) and accessions BGH-4360 and BGH-5253 (group II) showed positive values for GCA, suggesting that these parents possess a higher frequency of favorable alleles for these two traits. Significance in SCA effects was also verified, highlighting the crossing Piramoita x BGH-4360, for PROD, indicating that this combination is the most promising for breeding purposes.
RESUMO Objetivou-se introduzir o alelo Bush, de cultivares com hábito de crescimento tipo “moita”, em acessos de Cucurbita moschata e selecionar os melhores cruzamentos quanto ao potencial produtivo e ao formato de fruto padrão “menina brasileira” por meio da capacidade geral (CGC) e da capacidade específica (CEC) de combinação. Para determinar a CGC e a CEC foi realizada análise dialélica parcial. O grupo parental (grupo I) foi formado por duas cultivares tipo “moita”, enquanto o segundo grupo (grupo II) por cinco acessos do Banco de Germoplasma de Hortaliças da UFV, com alto potencial produtivo e formato de fruto “menina brasileira”. Foram avaliadas a produtividade (PROD), o formato de fruto (FORM), a taxa de crescimento até os 50 dias (CRESC) e o comprimento da rama principal aos 50 dias (COMP). Para CRESC e COMP, houve diferenças significativas apenas entre a CGC dos genitores do grupo I, onde destacou-se a cultivar Zapallo. Para as características PROD e FORM a análise dialélica mostrou-se eficiente no estudo dos efeitos de CGC. A cultivar Piramoita (grupo I) e os acessos BGH-4360 e BGH-5253 (grupo II) apresentaram valores positivos para CGC, o que indica que esses genitores possuem maior frequência de alelos favoráveis para essas duas características. Também houve significância nos efeitos da CEC, com destaque para o cruzamento Piramoita x BGH-4360, para a característica PROD, sendo essa, a combinação mais promissora e mais indicada para seguir no programa de melhoramento de abóboras.
We present historic and contemporary information on the distribution and abundance of Buff-breasted Sandpipers (Tryngites subruficollis) in South America. Historic information was collated from the ...literature, area ornithologists, and museums, whereas contemporary data were derived from surveys conducted throughout the main wintering range in Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil during the austral summers of 1999 and 2001. Variable circular plot sampling was used to estimate population densities. During 1999, the highest concentration of Buff-breasted Sandpipers in Argentina was in southern Bahia Samborombon (General Lavalle District) and areas north of Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon. During 2001, the highest concentrations in Brazil were at Ilha da Torotama and Lagoa do Peixe National Park. During 1999 and 2001, the highest concentrations of Buff-breasted Sandpipers in Uruguay were found along three lagoons (Laguna de Rocha, Laguna de Castillos, and Laguna Garzon) bordering the Atlantic Ocean. Population densities (birds/ha) of Buff-breasted Sandpipers were 0.11 (95% C.I. = 0.04-0.31) in Argentina, 1.62 (0.67-3.93) in Brazil, and 1.08 (0.37-3.18) in Uruguay. High turnover rates at survey sites, due to the formation of large, mobile flocks, contributed to moderately large confidence intervals around our population density estimates. Nevertheless, compared with historic accounts of Buff-breasted Sandpipers, our survey data indicate the population size of this species has declined substantially since the late 1800s and contemporary information suggests the species has continued to decline during the past three decades. Buff-breasted Sandpipers were found almost exclusively in pasturelands and appear to depend heavily upon intensive grazing by livestock, which maintain suitable short grass conditions. We discuss the need for protection of critical areas and proper range management to ensure appropriate habitat remains available for the species, and provide suggestions for future research needs.
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