Evidentno, posljednjih stotinu godina došlo je do klimatskih promjena na našem planetu. Brojne promjene kod biljaka i životinja povezuju se sa klimatskim zatopljenjem, što je dokumentirano u velikom ...broju znanstvenih radova posljednjih dvadesetak godina. U većini slučajeva, glavni pokretač tih promjena je temperatura zraka. Najviše publiciranih članaka u vezi klimatskog zatopljenja i ptica odnosi se na fenologiju. Između ostalog, studije upućuju da je kod brojnih ptičjih vrsta došlo do ranijeg gniježđenja u posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća. Tijekom ovog istraživanja utvrđivan je trend nesidbe na temelju uzorkovanja nesenja prvog jajeta u gnijezdu lokalne populacije ptice stanarice i dupljašice plavetne sjenice (
Cyanistes caeruleus
) u nizinskim listopadnim šumama (prevladava hrast lužnjak
Quercus robur
L. i obični grab
Carpinus betulus
L.) u razdoblju od 1982. do 2016. godine na dijelu sjeverozapadne Hrvatske. Analiziran je i odnos između početka nesidbe i srednje proljetne temperature zraka. Podaci o polaganju jaja uzimani su iz drvenih škrinjica (umjetnih duplji) za gniježđenje ptica. Brojni ornitološki radovi temelje se na korištenju spomenutih umjetnih duplji. Sva uzorkovanja obavio je autor ovog članka. Srednja se proljetna temperature zraka značajno povećala tijekom istraživanja (od 1982. do 2016. godine). Odnos između datuma polaganja jaja i godina istraživanja bio je također statistički signifikantan. Datum početka nesidbe plavetne sjenice uznapredovao je za 11 dana u 35-godišnjem razdoblju. Dobiveni rezultati sugeriraju da je porastom proljetnih temperatura zraka tijekom dugogodišnjeg razdoblja došlo do ranijeg gniježđenja plavetne sjenice u nizinskim listopadnim šumama sjeverozapadne Hrvatske kao posljedica fenotipske plastičnosti. Očito, istraživana šumska populacija plavetne sjenice u stanju je nositi se s porastom proljetne temperature, čemu u prilog nam govori i relativna stabilnost populacije.
In the last 100 years, climate warming (climate change) phenomenon has been present on our planet. Numerous biological features of organisms have been linked to climate change and many papers in the last few decades have illustrated changes in natural biological systems. In most cases, these responses are associated with changes in air temperature. In birds, most of the published works are looking at phenology. Such studies suggest that the laying date is advancing. In this study, I examined long-term changes in the date of clutch initiation in sedentary local hole-nesting population of the Blue Tit (
Cyanistes caeruleus
) in deciduous forest (dominated Pediculate Oak
Quercus robur
L. and Common Hornbeam
Carpinus betulus
L.) from 1980 to 2016 (northwestern Croatia). Also, I examined relationship between timing of breeding and mean spring air temperature. All the records used in this work, as well as numerous ornithological papers around the world have been based on the use of nest-boxes by birds. The boxes were placed on the trees, at 2.5 to 4 m above ground and all nest-boxes had a sliding top in order to monitor nest. All observations were recorded by the author. Spring mean local air temperatures during research period have significant increase. Relationship between laying date and year was also significant. The breeding date in researched species has advanced by 11 days in study period. According to my results, sedentary local population of the Blue Tit in northwestern Croatia was able to respond to spring warming changes during 37-year period.
Recent changes in climate have impacted plant and animal ecology worldwide super(1). In the past two decades, numerous papers have been published to describe long-term changes in phenology, ...demography, distributions and other important parameters in many species over the globe super(2). Significant changes in biological systems have already been reported from all the continents super(3). For instance, many plant species have extended their growing season super(4) and warmer temperatures are associated with earlier spawning in some amphibians super(5). Likewise, climate change influences birds in different ways. In the United Kingdom, bird species have extended their breeding ranges northwards by a mean of 18.9 km, a shift which is potentially linked to increasing average temperatures super(6). Dolenec et al. super(7) found that breeding dates for the tree sparrow Passer montanus have advanced between 1979 and 2009 in Croatia, in response to wanning springs. Studies have demonstrated increased clutch sizes super(8), brood sizes super(9) and changes in population size super(10) in relation to climate change. Furthermore, for many bird species in the Northern Hemisphere arrival dates have advanced in response to increase in spring temperature super(11-13). In general, studies have shown that short- and medium-distance migrant birds have earlier first arrival dates than long-distance migrant birds super(14,15). Studies on the timing of migration of birds have been an important model for characterizing the impacts of climate change. Warming affects the phenology of different species in different ways, which can have a negative effect on events such as migration and breeding, which were previously synchronized with the phenology of resources super(16,17).
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Text and abstracts in Polish, Russian, English- Wydawnictwo kontynuuje numerację tomów czasop. wychodzącego pt. Acta Ornithologica ...Musei Zoologici Polonici w l. 1933-1953- Streszcz. w jęz. ros., ang.- Wydawnictwo kontynuuje numerację tomów czasop. wychodzącego pt. Acta Ornithologica Musei Zoologici Polonici w l. 1933-1953- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Global climate change has important impacts on animal life-cycles. One of the responses to global warming is an earlier arrival time of many migratory bird species. The first arrival date of the ...Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) in Central Croatia was studied for the periods of 1901–1917 and 1991–2005. Data were derived from the first spring observations and first capture data. A statistically significant advance of 11 ± 1.4 days was recorded. The difference in the mean April temperature between two study periods was significant, while changes in NAO winter index were not significant. Adequate data from the beginning of the 20th century exist; however, recent studies were done on a relatively short-term basis. Therefore, the analysis of two discrete datasets may help to fill the gaps in the knowledge about the climate change response.
An important factor in the evolution of reproductive strategies in birds is the loss of a clutch or a brood. Many avian species produce a replacement clutch following the loss of the first clutch, ...but additional breeding effort carries physiological costs and can also reduce female fitness. Thus, egg production in replacement clutches is usually reduced. In contrast, European starling mothers seem to invest equally in their first and replacement clutches. This study investigated whether female starlings use differential allocation of resources to offspring, rather than egg production, to strategically balance investment and returns from the replacement clutch. By removing the first clutch, we induced females to lay a replacement clutch, and focused on covariation of egg size, embryo sex and laying order in both clutches. Results suggest that starling mothers created a pattern of resource allocation with laying order, but not with offspring sex, in the replacement clutch; whereas no pattern of resource allocation existed in the first clutch. This finding indicates that although starlings do not reduce egg production between first and replacement clutches, they may use other mechanisms to fine-tune their investment and maximize their fitness gains from the replacement clutch.
Several papers have shown the sensitivity of birds as monitors of climatic trends. We examined how a shortdistance
migrant bird, the wood pigeon, has responded to the recent climate change using data ...from a long-term study
(1983-2007) in northwestern Croatia. The wood pigeon arrival dates have become 11.5 days earlier during the study
period. This result suggests that the first arrival date of the wood pigeon is influenced by warm springs.
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