Rechercher les qualités nutritionnelles des protéines végétales Walrand, Stephane; Coxam, Veronique; Morand, Christine ...
Les rencontres de l'Inra au salon de l'agriculture. 2013; Les rencontres de l'Inra au salon de l'agriculture, Paris, FRA, 2013-02-25-2013-02-25, n.p,
2013
Conference Proceeding
Rechercher les qualités nutritionnelles des protéines végétales Walrand, Stephane; Coxam, Veronique; Morand, Christine ...
Les rencontres de l'Inra au salon de l'agriculture. 2013; Les rencontres de l'Inra au salon de l'agriculture, Paris, FRA, 2013-02-25-2013-02-25, n.p,
2013
Conference Proceeding
Photonic devices with wavelength tuning capabilities are investigated with the use of liquid crystal microcells monolithically integrated onto the surfaces of photodiodes or VCSEL fabricated on InP ...based materials. For these two devices, we demonstrated that the detected or emitted wavelength can be selected on a tuning range of more than 70 nm in the case of the photodiode, and of more than 20 nm in the case of VCSEL.
We report, to our knowledge, the first case of meningitis due to Neisseria cinerea, a Neisseria species usually considered to be commensal. A 17-year-old previously healthy man was hospitalized on 26 ...April 1993 after he was involved in a fight that resulted in facial traumatism with total alveolodental (teeth nos. 11 and 21) luxation. Twelve hours later the patient's health worsened, and he had a temperature of 40 degree C; meningitis was clinically diagnosed. The patient was immediately treated with iv cefotaxime (6 g/d), iv fosfomycin (12 g/d), and iv ornidazole (1.5 g/d). One day later, CSF culture on cooked horse blood Colombia medium and two blood cultures yielded N. cinerea. Therapy was changed to cefotaxime alone (8 g/d) 2 days after admission since the patient's fever and other symptoms had disappeared after he was treated with this antibiotic. The patient's clinical condition rapidly improved.
Three omega-(18)F-fluoro-n-alkyl-beta-D-glucosides (alkyl = ethyl (5a)), n-butyl (5b), and n-octyl (5c)) were synthesized and evaluated as potential substrates for the sodium/D-glucose cotransporter ...SGLT1.
The ligands were prepared by (18)F-fluoride displacement of the corresponding tetraacetyl-protected tosylate alkylglucoside precursors in CH(3)CN, followed by hydrolysis of the protective acetate esters with NaOMe/MeOH. Transport of the nonradioactive analogs 5a, 5b, and 5c by the human sodium-D-glucose cotransporter hSGLT1 was characterized in vitro in oocytes of Xenopus laevis that expressed hSGLT1. The biodistribution of the tracers was determined in mice and the presence of metabolites in the blood was investigated. Compound 5a was also evaluated in mice pretreated with phlorizin. The intrarenal distribution of 5a in mice kidney was visualized using autoradiography.
The radiochemical yield of 5a, 5b, and 5c was in the range of 8%-15% (end of bombardment) with a total synthesis time of 90 min. The in vitro evaluation after expression of the hSGLT1 showed that 2'-fluoroethyl-beta-D-glucoside (5a) was transported with similar Michaelis-Menten K(m) and V(max) (maximum velocity) values as compared with methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (alpha MDG). The more lipophilic compounds 5b and 5c were not transported but inhibited transport of alpha MDG. In vivo tissue distribution in mice revealed that 5a, 5b, and 5c were cleared mainly by the renal pathway and that 5a showed a significantly higher accumulation in the kidneys and a slower renal excretion as compared with 5b and 5c. Compound 5a was retained mainly in the renal outer medulla containing S3 segments of proximal tubules and the accumulation could be blocked by phlorizin pretreatment. Compound 5c passed the blood-brain barrier to some extent.
The data indicate that 2'-(18)F-fluoroethyl-beta-D-glucoside (5a) is a specific tracer of Na(+)-dependent glucose transport that may be used to visualize this transport activity in the S3 segments of renal proximal tubules.
The behaviour of the sporulating soil-dwelling Bacillus cereus sensu lato (B. cereus sl) which includes foodborne pathogenic strains has been extensively studied in relation to its various animal ...hosts. The aim of this environmental study was to investigate the water compartments (rain and soil water, as well as groundwater) closely linked to the primary B. cereus sl reservoir, for which available data are limited. B. cereus sl was present, primarily as spores, in all of the tested compartments of an agricultural site, including water from rain to groundwater through soil. During rain events, leachates collected after transfer through the soil eventually reached the groundwater and were loaded with B. cereus sl. In groundwater samples, newly introduced spores of a B. cereus model strain were able to germinate, and vegetative cells arising from this event were detected for up to 50 days. This first B. cereus sl investigation in the various types of interrelated environments suggests that the consideration of the aquatic compartment linked to soil and to climatic events should provide a better understanding of B. cereus sl ecology and thus be relevant for a more accurate risk assessment of food poisoning caused by B. cereus sl pathogenic strains.
The behaviour of the sporulating soil-dwelling Bacillus cereus sensu lato (B. cereus sl) which includes foodborne pathogenic strains has been extensively studied in relation to its various animal ...hosts. The aim of this environmental study was to investigate the water compartments (rain and soil water, as well as groundwater) closely linked to the primary B. cereus sl reservoir, for which available data are limited. B. cereus sl was present, primarily as spores, in all of the tested compartments of an agricultural site, including water from rain to groundwater through soil. During rain events, leachates collected after transfer through the soil eventually reached the groundwater and were loaded with B. cereus sl. In groundwater samples, newly introduced spores of a B. cereus model strain were able to germinate, and vegetative cells arising from this event were detected for up to 50 days. This first B. cereus sl investigation in the various types of interrelated environments suggests that the consideration of the aquatic compartment linked to soil and to climatic events should provide a better understanding of B. cereus sl ecology and thus be relevant for a more accurate risk assessment of food poisoning caused by B. cereus sl pathogenic strains.
The rising prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae is a phenomenon observed to different degrees around the world. The present national surveillance study report analyzes a total ...of 16,756 strains of S. pneumoniae collected across France in 1999. The overall prevalence of S. pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to penicillin was 44%, to amoxicillin 26%, and to cefotaxime 17%. The proportion of high-level resistant strains to penicillin (MIC > 1 mg/L), amoxicillin and cefotaxime (MIC > 2 mg/L) remained low: 12.3%, 1.8%, and 0.4% respectively. Prevalence of resistance to other antibiotics was high: 53% to erythromycin, 41.7% to cotrimoxazole, 31.8% to tetracycline, and 24.6% to chloramphenicol. Prevalence of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae varied according to subject age and specimen source. It was higher in children (52.7%) than in adults (39.8%) and higher in strains isolated from middle ear fluid (63.6%) than from blood cultures (41.8%) in children. S. pneumoniae resistant to other antibiotics were more common in children than in adults, although figures showed geographical variations. Comparison with a previous study realized in 1997 in the same regions confirms a rising trend in the prevalence of resistant bacteria. Therefore, we conclude that prevalence of antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae in 1999 continued to rise in France, although strains with high-level resistance to penicillin remained stable.
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