In order to determine mechanical properties of materials various kind of tests can be applied by means of using their tensile strength, lower yield stress, proof stress, impact strength, Brinell, ...Rockwell and surface hardness, elongation after fracture properties. Among these tests, three point flexural testing method has some advantages such as easy preparation (production) of samples and no gripping problems comparing to tension test. Flexural tests results should be obtained accurately to provide expected testing performance. The measurement uncertainty of flexural tests should be calculated by conducting all effective uncertainty parameters during the test procedure. In this study, the measurement uncertainty of the flexural test of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) material was investigated, which is widely used as industrial plastic material in many applications.
In this study, test specimens consisting of stainless steel that is widely used in manufacturing glass household goods, another stainless steel specimen and the specimen of the latter material that ...was surface boronized are subjected to glass forming temperature in laboratory conditions, and the changing surface roughness parameters have been monitored with precise measurement techniques. The information obtained from surface texture was not only useful for determining mould surface performance but could also be used as a distinguishing mark about the quality of glassware. The results are informative about the effects of surface texture alterations during thermal cycling operations to the mould’s lifetime. The data that were obtained have been evaluated by using SPSS 13.0 (Statistical Package for Social Science) and a first-order mathematical model that gives
R
a (arithmetical average roughness) parameter value against cycling number, and last but not the least some material specifications have been established.
This paper introduces the application of statistical analysis of workpiece geometry measurement results regarding the recently developed so-called “Skin-Model”. The “Skin-Model” presents a new ...description for Geometrical Product Specification and Verification (GPS) with its associated details and on its basis every workpiece can be geometrically defined and considered by applying manipulations of the workpiece geometry. This determination is based on mathematical rules and definitions. It means that according to this determination every workpiece can be designed and on the other hand according to the design it can be measured very clearly. This model enables the complete implementation of Geometrical Product Specification and Verification (GPS) into Coordinate Measuring Techniques (CMT) and vice versa. As part of this implementation the software KOORMESS which was developed for transformation of measuring result is also integrated in this project. Selected series of workpieces from industrial manufacturers were measured in the precision measuring laboratory. Based on the measurement results gained it was possible to carry out extensive evaluations by using statistical methods e.g. correlation analysis. As result of the research project, conclusions can be drawn about the correlation between different geometrical deviations and the manufacturing conditions with the overall goal to achieve lower costs and higher quality in production.
The manufacturing industry faces currently and in the near future due to the information society, very important challenges. New data, network, automation, digital customer interfaces blow up the ...existing value chain. The production of nanoscale workpieces requires integration of a high level of quality in conformance with manufacturing processes and micro-/nanometrological assessment and evaluation. Nanotechnology is multidisciplinary in nature. Modern production metrology and its industrial application started on the basis of the scientific, technical and organisational work of E. Abbe, William Taylor and Frederick Winslow Taylor and at the end of the twentieth century – the “Quality Control Century” – the development has reached Nanotechnology and is proceeding to Pico- and Femto-technology. To meet high-level demands both from industrial and from private customers in the future, manufacturing enterprises must be flexible and agile enough to respond quickly to product demand changes also according technological developments especially in the field of precision engineering at micro, nano and pico scale production. With support of AI and modern IT, it is possible to realise modern cost-effective customer-driven design and manufacturing.
The EA-QOL questionnaire measures quality-of-life specifically for children born with esophageal atresia (EA) aged 8-18 and was completed in Sweden and Germany. This study aimed to describe an ...international collaborative initiative to establish a semantically equivalent linguistic version of the EA-QOL questionnaires in 12 new countries. The 24-item EA-QOL questionnaire was translated into the target languages and the translated questionnaire was evaluated through cognitive debriefing interviews with children with EA aged 8-18 and their parents in each new country. Participants rated an item as to whether an item was easy to understand and sensitive/uncomfortable to answer. They could choose not to reply to a non-applicable/problematic item and provide open comments. Data were analyzed using predefined psychometric criteria; item clarity ≥80%, item sensitive/uncomfortable to answer ≤20%, item feasibility(missing item responses ≤5%). Decision to improve any translation was made by native experts-patient stakeholders and the instrument developer. Like in Sweden and Germany, all items in the cross-cultural analysis of child self-report (
= 82, 4-10 children/country) met the criteria for item clarity in all 12 new countries, and in parent-report (
= 86, 5-10 parents/country) in 8/12 countries. All items fulfilled the criteria for sensitive/uncomfortable to answer (child-report 1.2-9.9%; parent-report 0-11.6%) and item feasibility. Poor translations were resolved. Hence, this study has established semantically equivalent linguistic versions of the EA-QOL questionnaire for use in children aged 8-18 with repair of EA in and across 14 countries.
Today's manufacturing industry is going through a period of transition to the novel production technology down to micro/nanoscale of complex shapes and increasing efficiency and functionality. To ...meet high-level demands both from industrial and from private customers in the future, manufacturing enterprises must be high flexible and agile enough to respond quickly to product demand changes also according technological developments especially in the field of precision engineering at micro, nano and pico scale production. New levels of manufacturing precision are the key requirements to enable advanced machining processes that demands improved techniques of metrology with high flexibility, universality and high accuracy. New models for alternative configurations of future industrial organisations in general which are usually applied and especially for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) need to be investigated. Those new models can be developed on the basis of intelligent production technologies and integrated management systems as well as extensive use of the IT technologies, automation, robotics, parallel-processing computing and advanced engineering data exchange techniques.
Metrology and Automation are two of the fastest growing latest technological trends. Both disciplines are nowadays and will be in the future more and more influenced by micro-, nano- and ...femto-technologies. Increasing key drivers of the technological challenges are raised new productivity enhancement requirements with increasing key drivers of the technological challenges For example in production automation we have the new headlines new materials, production 4.0 and in metrology measurements in the nanoscale. This paper presents the latest trends in manufacturing and process automation as well as in metrology. The challenges of the future are discussed and solutions are proposed based on continuous collaboration works.
PDF
