Recently, buildings that adopted the external insulation method that is possible to take the thick insulation are widely prevalent in cold regions. While the reduction of heating load in winter is ...generally expected, the increase of cooling load in summer is concerned. So, it is necessary to devise the buildings and facilities like natural ventilation and solar control. The aim of this paper is to estimate the solar radiation load at every floor caused by incident light in skylighted void space. Therefore, we calculate the solar irradiance using ideas of luminous efficacy about the illuminance from the illumination distribution to every floor, and show details of solar radiation load at every floor by model experiment and numerical analysis.
Mainly in Hokkaido, Q1 housing or housing for heating free and cooling free etc. have been advocated, which contributes to popularization of highly insulated and airtight houses. The aim of this ...study is to reveal the actual conditions on air convection or whole -room heating that contributes to creating a comfortable indoor environment and heating energy consumption at northern regional houses in Sapporo. Although we plan to aim at the housing performance such as Passive houses in Germany or Minergy houses in Switzerland etc. in the future, in order to attempt to raise the level of housing performance in stages in Japan, we mainly subject northern regional houses that have heat loss coefficient of around 1.0 W/m2 K and equivalent leakage area of 0.5 cm2/m2 or less.
In cold regions, it is necessary to correspond to solar heat gain and heating load in winter in addition to solar radiation shading and cooling load in summer. Therefore, it becomes important to do ...the plan and design that should correspond to both high insulation of building and overuse of glasses. "Double skin (DS)" has attracted attention as architectural methods corresponding to these. The aims of this study are to show the influencing factor of shape, specification and control technique that are directly linked to thermal load reduction method of DS and to reveal the optimum design condition and the energy saving effect after we verified heat characteristic for DS in cold regions.
In order to consider the energy saving methods of oil fired water heating in Hokkaido households, an actual condition investigation on conventional and latent heat recovery water heaters, was ...performed. The following results were obtained: 1)Latent heat recovery heaters heated water 10-12% more efficiently than conventional heaters. 2)The water heating requests lasting under 30 seconds had little influence on the daily efficiency of hot water heaters. 3)As a result of case study, lowering the hot water heating temperature by 2.0 degrees centigrade reduced energy use by 5.9%.
In this paper, firstly, the evaluation method of airflow volume and ventilation load in consideration of characteristics of the change in responses to frost and wind pressure is proposed. Then, the ...estimate of airflow volume and ventilation load is tried. As the result, the followings are described; wind pressure and frost will cause to increase infiltration draft or air leakage and ventilation load. Ventilation performances will be affected by air tightness or region. Therefore it is important to plan the ventilation system suitably for styles of house and region by using an evaluation method like the proposed one.
The aim of this study is to analyze water temperature setting of floor heating and cooling systems for one-story external insulated buildings of reinforced concrete as heating and cooling systems ...suitable for low-load buildings. If panel heating and cooling systems like these systems are adopted, time-space temperature variation is reduced by the effects of highly insulation and heat capacity on buildings, and become possible to form comfortable indoor thermal environment for children and elderly persons. In this paper, we examine the suggestion of control method and utilization of natural energy about floor heating using low-temperature hot-water or floor cooling using high-temperature cold-water.
In the work reported here, we investigated the items listed below to identify factors that affect the ICT machine air intake temperature, focusing on the effects of machine cooling characteristics on ...air conditioning efficiency. 1)We created a machine cooling model that relates the temperatures in different parts, derived the parameters that affect the machine air intake temperature, and analyzed the factors that govern the machine cooling characteristics. 2)To understand the factors that affect the air intake temperature of rackmounted machines that generate high heat, we conducted experiments on the relation of the machine mounting method and the air intake temperature for various amounts of air conditioning in-flow. 3)We presented a method for determining the amount of air conditioning inflow that takes machine cooling characteristics into account, and evaluated the effect of machines cooling characteristics on air conditioning efficiency.
The purpose of this study is to verify the effect on a sun-room for improving indoor climate of detached houses along the Pacific Coast of eastern Hokkaido. A convenient sun-room furnished with ...‘insulated roof’ and ‘exposed ground’ was built in front of the south wall of a one-storied house that has two dwellings. We measured changes of temperature and humidity in the sun-room and two dwellings. In this report, the concepts to obtain thermal advantages by using the convenient sun-room were discussed through results of the measurement and simple unsteady numerical analyses. Stable environment for absolute humidity can be obtained by using humidity barrier and diatomite on the humidity barrier works to release moisture in the daytime. So from such results, it seems that a planning method of appropriate sun-rooms can be proposed for cool and foggy regions in summer.
It is important to know how to balance the energy saving with the improvement of a learning environment in existing classrooms. This paper shows the influence of window glass specifications (area, ...U-value and Solar heat gain coefficient) and air-conditioning conditions (preset temperature for heating and cooling) onto the annual heat load of the school classroom. As a result of numerical calculations applying the Taguchi method, main points and effects to select the window glass and the air conditioning condition are shown as follows. 1) The influence of the preset temperature for heating is the largest in the area north than Osaka. 2) In the selection of glass performance in Sapporo, Morioka, Niigata, Osaka, and Fukuoka, U-value is more important for energy saving than the solar heat gain coefficient. 3) The influence of the window area is smallest in these 5 factors. 4) The low lapse rate of energy consumption would be expected from about 20 to 90% by the best selection of window glass and the air conditioning preset temperature setting. 5) An annual heat load presumed by Taguchi-method using SN ratio considering all 5 factors becomes smaller by about 30% than the load calculated by SMASH in the most suitable conditions.
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