The method presented in the article is helpful for analyzing the aesthetical landscape preferences. Using visual and physical plant combinations in small abandoned spaces, this study seeks to ...discover what citizens prefer in terms of coherence, legibility, and refuge? The procedure relies on visual questioning to get residents’ opinion based on three criteria: legibility, coherence, and refuge. Specifically, it aims at exploring the relation of three landscape variables with the enclosure. Participants gave the lowest ratings for refuge in visually open & physically open environments, according to the data. In visually open environments, the participants' perception of coherence does not vary significantly. When compared to other characteristics (coherence and legibility), the research of spatial configurations of vest-pocket parks shows that enclosure is more important in terms of refuge. Finally, the significant difference between object-focused parks and others indicated the critical design process of this type of pocket park.
• Visual questionnaire survey is helpful for analyzing the aesthetical landscape preferences.
• A photomontage method could apply design possibilities in relation to planting.
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The article deals with the fragile connection that public spaces often have with their context. In this regard, the use of urban acupuncture in leftover space can be an opportunity to revitalize the ...urban fabric through small-scale interventions developed in accordance with community preferences. This study evaluates interventions in vacant plots based on both residents’ preferences and experts’ opinions. Using the example of leftover space in Tehran, this article explores public preferences and priorities regarding urban acupuncture from a social, design, and aesthetic perspective, applying a descriptive-analytical method. The opinions of six experts were examined and categorized in the first phase. In the second phase, the topics and subtopics extracted from the first phase were incorporated into visual questionnaires to evaluate preferences, from which 165 valid responses were obtained. Following the analysis of the questionnaires, twenty-two personal interviews were carried out. The results show which interventions are preferred over others.
Avtorji v članku obravnavajo pogosto krhko povezavo med javnimi prostori in širšim okoljem. S pristopom urbane akupunkture na neizkoriščenih odprtih javnih prostorih se lahko mestno tkivo ...revitalizira z manjšimi prostorskimi posegi, zasnovanimi v skladu s preferencami lokalne skupnosti. Avtorji na podlagi preferenc prebivalcev in mnenj strokovnjakov proučujejo posege na neizkoriščenih mestnih zemljiščih. Na primeru praznega odprtega javnega prostora v Teheranu proučujejo preference javnosti z družbenega, oblikovalskega in estetskega vidika, pri čemer uporabljajo opisno in analitično metodo. V prvi fazi opravljene raziskave so bila proučena mnenja šestih strokovnjakov, katerih vsebina je bila razvrščena v kategorije, v drugi fazi pa bile so teme in podteme, izluščene iz prve faze, vključene v anketo o javnih preferencah. Skupno število pravilno izpolnjenih (veljavnih) vprašalnikov je bilo 165. Po analizi odgovorov, pridobljenih z anketo, je bilo opravljenih 22 osebnih intervjujev. Izsledki raziskave kažejo, kateri posegi so v lokalni skupnosti bolj zaželeni.
•Considering user preferences, lost spaces introduced for pocket parks.•Planting enclosure has the most impact on the sense of refuge.•Enclosure, both visual and physical, create a calm ...atmosphere.•Legibility of mini-park referred to visually enclosed scenes, created by planting.•Planting cause significant differences in preferences and enclosure of mini-parks.
Despite the focus on (large parks) green public spaces in urban areas, mini-parks have been disregarded, especially the way they should be designed based on people’s aesthetic preferences, in order to fulfill societal potential. Having used 25 computer-generated pocket park (PP) scenes with various levels of enclosure based on planting, this study seeks to investigate public opinion on three factors: coherence, legibility, and the refuge. Since vacant lands inherently receive limited budgets, design practices must develop innovative ways to implement the projects. Residents from Tehran, Iran (n = 318) participated in a visual online questionnaire depicting five main types for the permeability of enclosure in small leftover spaces, which had the possibility to change into PP. They were asked to assess the coherence, legibility, refuge, and select the types of activities they could imagine in each park. This study adopted a descriptive-analytical method. The results were evaluated using the chi-square test and are as follows: (1) In terms of all five types, participants rated the lowest for refuge in visually open and physically open scenes. (2) If the visual and physical scenes are enclosed, participants perceive the legibility to be higher compared to open scenes. (3) In visually open scenes, there are no significant differences in the participants’ sense of coherence even though the physical enclosure is changed. (4) Due to the investigation of spatial configurations of PP, when compared to other variables (coherence and legibility), it is demonstrated that enclosure will be more significant in terms of refuge.
Efficiently generating appealing and realistic architectural space configurations has been a significant challenge for designers. This paper presents a deep-learning approach, providing architects ...with increased control over the final design outcomes. Employing deep learning algorithms to analyze the graph structure of input bubble diagrams facilitates the generation of node-based space layouts confined within predefined borders, ensuring a balance between creative freedom and practical constraints. The findings reveal the effectiveness of the graph-constrained data-driven method in automating the space layout design process. Automating space arrangement accelerates the building design workflow, yielding more efficient and productive results for architects.
•Data-driven methodologies can automate architectural plan generation.•Collaboration between humans and machines can speed up architectural design.•To build vectorized space layouts, a pipeline technique is provided.•A cGAN algorithm is suggested for producing architectural space layouts.•Using CMP technique, the cGAN algorithm operates on the input data’s topology.
Vacant spaces present affluent areas for the urban landscape. Considering these spaces from a resilience perspective is an effective strategy. This research seeks to assist decision-makers in ...assessing landscape resilience and drawing on landscape selection process requirements for changes. The current research investigates the review of previous studies and develops a contextual relationship-based model to analyze critical aspects through experts' opinions. The investigation approach was inspired by interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and MICMAC software. MICMAC analysis considered the direct and possible relationships of variables in the future, while the ISM technique discovered the hierarchy of these variables and their relationship with the main areas. Flexibility has the most effectiveness, while Activity has been affected by the most properties. Furthermore, even though it is significant, urban systems lose their flexibility and adaptability in the long run by focusing entirely on engineering measures.
It is essential to incorporate energy-efficient strategies into designs to minimize building energy consumption. Atrium and earth-sheltering are energy-efficient strategies that researchers ...implement. However, the literature did not consider their integration extensively. We investigate this integration to find out their effect on each other and if it is beneficial to use them together or not. This research’s main issue is providing solutions for optimal integration in earth-sheltered atrium design. We implemented Climate-Based Daylight Modelling for considering atrium form, proportion, and its integration with earth-sheltering for optimizing the building lighting and energy efficiency in a reciprocating process by grasshopper Plugin and its extensions. Our contributions in this paper investigate different kinds of atriums and earth-sheltering separately to find their best version initially. Five atria form alternatives, three different proportions with different WWR (window-to-wall ratio), and four versions of burial depth in the earth-sheltered model, and consider their integration to realize their impact on each other and find the best integration mode. These analyses showed that atrium usage causes an average overall energy consumption enhancement compared to the same building without an atrium and the same opening ratio. It also showed that this integration has its disadvantages decrement and strength reinforcement. In a way, earth-sheltering in a building with an atrium reduces energy consumption. In earth-sheltered non-atrium buildings, despite cooling and heating consumption decrement, overall energy consumption increases due to high lighting consumption. In contrast, the atrium in the half-earth-sheltered building reduces energy consumption more than in a non-earth-sheltered building.
Fabrication methods of shell structures Vatandoost, Mohsen; Ekhlassi, Ahmad; Golabchi, Mahmood ...
Automation in construction,
September 2024, 2024-09-00, Letnik:
165
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Even though computational design has paved the way for the design of complex forms, construction is still difficult, inefficient, and costly. This paper aims to compile the most recent fabrication ...techniques for shell structures to create an overview of fabrication methods. This paper reviews existing, recently developed, and previously unexplored techniques for building and fabricating shell structures. The objective of this review is to find trends, patterns, or gaps in the literature that can direct future research. As a result, each fabrication technique is explained and demonstrated with relevant built projects. Moreover, each method's advantages, disadvantages, and limitations are highlighted. These techniques are grouped into four main classes and evaluated. In conclusion, categorizing fabrication techniques reveals the state-of-the-art in fabrication and highlights potential research gaps. Moreover, this research might encourage researchers to explore novel methods and solutions to overcome the current method's limitations.
•The state-of-the-art fabrication techniques for shell structures are presented.•A comprehensive, up-to-date literature review of fabrication methods is presented.•The methods of fabrication are classified in an exclusive manner.•The pros and cons of fabrication techniques are discussed.•This review highlights the current gaps in fabrication methods.
Topography is the framework that unites architecture and landscape. Buildings and their surrounding have notable connectivity in Persian architecture. However, the role of topography in how it deals ...with these considerations has not been inquired. Also, investigating the impact of topographical criteria in creating architectural and landscape connection were not considered in previous studies. Thus, the purpose is to discover the most noticeable strategy of each category, highlight the main parameters where architecture encounters the ground and suggest strategies to enhance the continuity between earth and architecture. This qualitative study reviews and interprets the elements and strategies on how a building meets the ground in Persian case studies. This was done by considering “architectural topography” books first; second, finding similar cases in Persian architecture, comparing the two, and finally indicating the differences in their vision. Forty-four cases were selected following Berlanda's categories; information regarding other dimensions was also extracted, then MAXQDA1 was used to analyze and code the data. Based on the findings, a set of strategies were proposed that could be used as guidelines to find an existing gap between architecture and landscape. The analysis helps achieve design strategies in contemporary architecture and organize the building based on landscape. The analysis suggests the site's character considering design strategies influenced by their environmental conditions, natural forms, and functional elements. This research found wide use of strategies in defining exposure cases, investigated the key strategies and parameters resulting in new details, connections, and finding an existing gap between architecture and landscape.
•Topography is the framework that unites architecture and landscape.•Topographical strategy investigate relationships between architecture and landscape.•Topography has considered in both functional and spatial qualitative terms.•Topography accentuates the site through environmental, natural & functional elements.•The topographic intervention could transcend a formalist idea for shaping the site.
The present study aimed to find a way to create forms that can simultaneously meet several architectural requirements by applying generative design methods specifically focused on cellular automata. ...In other words, it is tried to find various forms of architecture that all have common features. Because of the useful features of cellular automata, we decided to use it to generate various forms, but make a relation between the discrete nature of cellular automata and the continuous nature of architecture, was the major problem of our project. To achieve this goal, three consecutive stages were designed. In the first stage, independent variables including the location of the building, the height of the building, and the building area were considered as the inputs of the model. In the second stage, after locating the building, the building's main shell was designed as a hidden geometry for the cellular automata and then the cellular automata were determined based on this shell. The main result of this research is establishing a logical relationship between the discrete geometry of the cellular automata and the continuous search space such that it creates various optimized forms. Although we specify the site plan of this project at Iran-Tehran, this research can be generalized to various design sites as well as different projects, allowing the architectsto alter the cell dimensions, cell density, etc., based on their opinion and project needs.
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