With the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) services and products in recent years, issues related to their trustworthiness have emerged and AI service providers need to be prepared for ...various risks. In this policy recommendation, we propose a risk chain model (RCModel) that supports AI service providers in proper risk assessment and control. We hope that RCModel will contribute to the realization of trustworthy AI services.
Artificial General Intelligence has a potential to influence human beings' value judgement and lifestyle. Thus it is important to involve various actors to its research from upstream. This report ...introduces a background of how and why inter-disciplinary collaborative studies are required and then suggests conducting risk management and risking communication from pre-crisis phase.
The ethical, legal, and social challenges involved in the use of profiling services for recruitment are the focus of many previous studies; however, the processes vary depending on the social system ...and cultural practices. In August 2019, a scandal occurred in Japan in which a recruitment management company was found to have breached users' and students' trust by selling their data to clients. By sharing the Japanese recruitment context and associated laws, this article contributes to our understanding of the ethical issues involved in artificial intelligence profiling and in handling sensitive personal information.
Due to the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, discussions are progressing on how robots could replace human labor. Conventional surveys have suggested that human labor is expected to ...gradually be replaced as tasks become automated. We conducted a survey at the world's first robot hotel recently opened in Japan - called a Henn-na hotel ("strange/change hotel") in Japanese - which already uses robots for most of the work. We discovered that human labor is divided into small tasks, and that robot actions affect human emotional control. However, the hotel not only divides human work but also reconstructs it from tasks. Moreover, the purpose of reconstruction is not simply for replacement of works. Such modification of task is often observed taking place in humansystem interactions. It is an extremely creative process of labor emerging in this area.
Currently, a new STS field, East Asian Science, Technology and Society (EASTS), has been developed. However, the EASTS perspectives have not been clear. In order to develop EASTS, it is necessary to ...understand each other more for much active STS in East Asian Community. Thus, we examine the current situation of EASTS by conducting a network analysis on highly frequent keywords in two STS journals. The results exhibited different tendencies observed in topics and fields even between the two STS journals' community. In East Asia, we should enhance our mutual understandings through STS, with reserving language/cultural diversity, and this is one of the challenges for East Asian STS community. So we have asked East Asian colleagues to participate in our project to figure out the characteristics of East Asian STS and asked them for suggestions and ideas for future collaboration.
We are now faced with the wall of the diversity of values. We are often required to consider or respect the values of other people though, it is not easy to sense them since we tend to think within ...our scope of knowledge, experience, and imagination. We have worked on how to exchange values and achieve a synergetic effect among people. In this paper, we are presenting our prototype system, called AIR-VAS, aiming to support becoming aware of values in group discussion. AIR-VAS has been developed as the system which recognizes characteristic opinions of a group and shares them among all engaging groups on the discussion. The recognized and shared opinion is based on the values of the people of the group. Through the sharing of opinion, people can know the different viewpoints on the issue of the current discussion, so that AIR-VAS can provide stimulation to people for idea generation. We have developed AIR-VAS on the approach that visualizing statements, which are presented during a discussion, as the word co-occurrence network. We implemented opinion sharing as the process of the network re-construction including presented sub-network as an opinion of a certain group. According to the experimental usage of the developed system, we analyzed the relationship between discussion and visualized information, and discuss what information gives awareness.
Tremendous developments in science and technology have brought prosperity and an affluent lifestyle to mankind, but scientific and technological progress has also generated social issues related to ...the environment, security, ethics, and socioeconomic activities. Under these circumstances, a Science, Technology, and Society (STS) education that emphasizes the teaching of scientific and technological developments in their cultural, economic, social, and political contexts is required in order to cultivate human resources capable of making decisions about how to address these issues. In this study, we developed “nocobon,” a game-based teaching material for thinking on STS issues from various perspectives. “Nocobon” is a detective card game that can be played by a group of three to six people. The results of its prototype test for high school students suggest that players could acquire new knowledge and learn to think from different perspectives on STS issues through unlocking the mysteries in a series of “nocobon” cards. The results also indicate that “nocobon” could be a simple and convenient teaching material from the viewpoint of the time management.
There have recently been increasing numbers of studies on ubiquitous computing to build pervasive communication infrastructures. In Japan, a national strategy to become a ubiquitous network society ...in which anyone can easily access and use a network any time, anywhere and from any appliance, has been promoted for the sake of social security. A child monitoring system using radio frequency identification (RFID) is one example of a security system accepted by Japanese parents since 2004; the system informs parents of the exact time their child enters and leaves the school gate. Along with the technical development of RFID, the government and ubiquitous computing industries are suggesting various advanced monitoring systems to promote a ubiquitous network society. However, tagging people with an RFID always raises the controversy about the trade-off between security and privacy. In this article, by investigating parental perceptions of advanced child monitoring systems as an example, we aim to suggest an appropriate way to introduce ubiquitous security systems to the public. The findings indicate not only the need to consider the technical and regulatory frameworks, but also that relationships with actual users are essential for building ubiquitous security systems.
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