Objective
The study objective was to prioritize topics for future patient‐centered research to increase uptake of common vaccines, such as for pneumococcal pneumonia, influenza, herpes zoster, human ...papillomavirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, among adults living with autoimmune conditions.
Methods
A steering committee (SC) was formed that included clinicians, patients, patient advocates, and researchers associated with rheumatic diseases (psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis), inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis. Through a scoping review and discussions, SC members identified research topics regarding vaccine uptake and/or hesitancy for prioritization. A larger multistakeholder alliance that included patients and patient advocates, clinicians, researchers, policy makers, regulators, and vaccine manufacturers conducted a modified Delphi exercise online with three rating rounds and one ranking round. Frequency analysis and comparisons across stakeholder groups were conducted. A weighted ranking score was generated for each item in the ranking round for final prioritization.
Results
Through the Delphi process, 33 research topics were identified, of which 13 topics were rated as critical by more than 70% of all stakeholders (n = 31). The two highest ranked critical topics per the full stakeholder group were “How well a vaccine works for adults with autoimmune conditions” and “How beliefs about vaccine safety affect vaccine uptake.”
Conclusion
A multistakeholder group identified key topics as critically important priorities for future research to decrease vaccine hesitancy and improve uptake of vaccines for adults with autoimmune conditions.
This study described behaviors of registered nurses demonstrating nursing non-vigilance or diminished nursing vigilance in 30 cases of nursing practice breakdown investigated by Ohio Board of ...Nursing. Data were collected with Taxonomy of Error: Root Cause Analysis and Practice Responsibility (2002) instrument. Behaviors were categorized as nursing non-vigilance when data were present in the category, Lack of Agency/Fiduciary Concern; or as diminished nursing vigilance, if data were absent in the previous category, but present in at least one of the following categories: Lack of Attentiveness/Surveillance; Lack of/or Faulty Intervention; Inappropriate Judgment; Lack of Prevention. Ten cases involved 18 non-vigilance behaviors, and 20 cases featured 35 diminished nursing vigilance behaviors. Nursing non-vigilance behaviors included: missed/diminished sense of patient safety; deliberately covering up errors; failing to notify healthcare provider. Diminished nursing vigilance behaviors included: poor judgment about medication administration; lack of attentiveness; using faulty logic. Research and practice implications are discussed.
QIP Comes Of Age Agresta, Ronald C.; Emrich, Lisa G.; Lubow, Lauren ...
Federation bulletin (Fulton, Mo.),
01/1999, Letnik:
86, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Summary
All above‐ground plant organs are derived from shoot apical meristems (SAMs). Global analyses of gene expression were conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) SAMs to identify genes preferentially ...expressed in the SAM. The SAMs were collected from 14‐day‐old B73 seedlings via laser capture microdissection (LCM). The RNA samples extracted from LCM‐collected SAMs and from seedlings were hybridized to microarrays spotted with 37 660 maize cDNAs. Approximately 30% (10 816) of these cDNAs were prepared as part of this study from manually dissected B73 maize apices. Over 5000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (about 13% of the total) were differentially expressed (P < 0.0001) between SAMs and seedlings. Of these, 2783 and 2248 ESTs were up‐ and down‐regulated in the SAM, respectively. The expression in the SAM of several of the differentially expressed ESTs was validated via quantitative RT‐PCR and/or in situ hybridization. The up‐regulated ESTs included many regulatory genes including transcription factors, chromatin remodeling factors and components of the gene‐silencing machinery, as well as about 900 genes with unknown functions. Surprisingly, transcripts that hybridized to 62 retrotransposon‐related cDNAs were also substantially up‐regulated in the SAM. Complementary DNAs derived from the LCM‐collected SAMs were sequenced to identify additional genes that are expressed in the SAM. This generated around 550 000 ESTs (454‐SAM ESTs) from two genotypes. Consistent with the microarray results, approximately 14% of the 454‐SAM ESTs from B73 were retrotransposon‐related. Possible roles of genes that are preferentially expressed in the SAM are discussed.
The objective of the present study was to assess safety and immune responses in gilts after intradermal application of Porcilis® PRRS in two different application sites under field conditions. ...Forty-four gilts were allocated to one of three groups: Gilts of group 1 (n = 10) served as non-vaccinated controls, gilts of group 2 (n = 17) were vaccinated intradermally in the neck and gilts of group 3 (n = 17) received an intradermal vaccination in the perianal region. Clinical observations, local injection site reactions and histopathologic examination of the injection site were used for safety assessments. Frequency and degree of clinical signs were not significantly different between all three groups. Minor local reactions for both vaccination groups were observed; however, at 6, 7, 8, 9 and 15 days post-vaccination (dpv), the mean injection site reaction score was significantly lower in pigs vaccinated in the perianal region. In histopathologic examination, an extended inflammatory dimension was observed more frequently in pigs vaccinated in the neck. Blood samples were analyzed to quantify the post-vaccination humoral (ELISA and virus neutralization test) and cellular (IFN-γ ELISPOT) immune responses. PRRSV-specific antibodies were present in the serum of all vaccinated animals from 14 dpv onwards, whereas all control pigs remained negative throughout the study. Neutralizing antibody titers were significantly higher in pigs vaccinated in the perianal region at 28 dpv. At 14, 21 and 28 dpv, PRRSV-specific IFN-γ secreting cells were significantly increased in both vaccination groups compared to non-vaccinated gilts. Analysis of mean numbers of PRRSV-specific IFN-γ secreting cells did not result in statistically significant differences between both vaccination groups. The results of this study indicate that the perianal region is a safe alternative application site for intradermal vaccination of gilts with Porcilis PRRS. Furthermore, the intradermal application of Porcilis PRRS induced humoral and cellular immune responses independent of the administration site.
A novel team-based service was developed at the beginning of the pandemic in which sixty liaisons were assigned to provide proactive, tailored psychological support for healthcare workers (HCWs) ...across three of NewYork-Presbyterian's Weill Cornell affiliated hospitals.
The program took the proactive approach of bringing mental health awareness to every department and major division that interfaced with COVID-19 patients. Virtual and in-person team-based "town hall" meetings were offered to provide psychoeducation, facilitate discussion, foster adaptive coping and social cohesion, and identify employees who would benefit from further individualized support.
The program's success was reflected in the number of town halls (1000+) and attendees (6000+) and in qualitative feedback from departments who requested ongoing services.
This article presents the development, implementation, challenges, and opportunities in designing a team-based support model for HCWs. This model may be useful for organizations that seek to develop similar programs.
Background: Experiences of recovery from psychosis have been well explored but not with service users in the acute stages of psychosis. This study aimed to explore the subjective experiences of ...recovery from psychosis from the perspective of service users receiving acute mental health inpatient care.
Methods: Ten participants undertook a semi-structured interview examining their experiences of recovery from psychosis during acute mental health inpatient care. Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).
Results: Five superordinate themes emerged: "My future is just being ripped out in front of me": Living with psychosis is a struggle; "Would you want to be in here?": Traumatic experience of being in hospital; "I know roughly why I got ill anyway and what caused this": A journey towards reaching an understanding; Recovery/Rehabilitation/Recuperation: A process of evolution; and "You need all the help you can get": Facilitators of Recovery.
Conclusions: This study highlighted that mental health inpatient settings are not settings where everyone can be in recovery or approaching recovery. For some participants, recovery appeared to be an empty signifier, and is a word used by services but does not necessarily correspond with their experiences of mental health inpatient settings.
Abstract
Genetic crosses are most powerful for linkage analysis when progeny numbers are high, parental alleles segregate evenly and numbers of inbred progeny are minimized. We previously developed a ...novel genetic crossing platform for the human malaria parasite
Plasmodium falciparum
, an obligately sexual, hermaphroditic protozoan, using mice carrying human hepatocytes (the human liver-chimeric FRG NOD huHep mouse) as the vertebrate host. We report on two genetic crosses—(1) an allopatric cross between a laboratory-adapted parasite (NF54) of African origin and a recently patient-derived Asian parasite, and (2) a sympatric cross between two recently patient-derived Asian parasites. We generated 144 unique recombinant clones from the two crosses, doubling the number of unique recombinant progeny generated in the previous 30 years. The allopatric African/Asian cross has minimal levels of inbreeding and extreme segregation distortion, while in the sympatric Asian cross, inbred progeny predominate and parental alleles segregate evenly. Using simulations, we demonstrate that these progeny provide the power to map small-effect mutations and epistatic interactions. The segregation distortion in the allopatric cross slightly erodes power to detect linkage in several genome regions. We greatly increase the power and the precision to map biomedically important traits with these new large progeny panels.
Olfactory dysfunction is a frequent early non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). There is evidence that with regard to trigeminal perception, PD-related olfactory dysfunction is different ...from other olfactory disorders. More specifically, trigeminal sensitivity, when measured behaviorally, was unimpaired in PD patients as opposed to patients with non-Parkinsonian olfactory dysfunction (NPOD). We sought to investigate the trigeminal pathway by measuring electrophysiological recordings from the nasal epithelium and EEG-derived event-related potentials in response to a specific trigeminal stimulus in 21 PD patients and compare them to 23 patients with NPOD and 25 controls (C). The peripheral trigeminal response, as measured by the negative-mucosa potential, showed no difference between patients with PD and controls whereas PD patients showed faster responses than patients with NPOD, the latter having shown slower and larger responses than controls (18 PD, 14 NPOD, 20 C). The central trigeminal response, as measured by event-related potentials, revealed larger early component response in PD patients compared to patients with NPOD (15 PD, 21 NPOD, 23 C). As expected, psychophysical olfactory testing showed impaired olfactory function in both groups of patients as opposed to controls. Discriminant analysis revealed a model that could predict group membership for 80% of participants based on the negative-mucosa potential latency, olfactory threshold and discrimination tests. These results provide novel insights into the pattern of trigeminal activation in PD which will help to differentiate PD-related olfactory loss from NPOD, a crucial step towards establishing early screening batteries for PD including smell tests.
Science with the Murchison Widefield Array
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia/Publications Astronomical Society of Australia,
01/2013
Journal Article
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