Current sheets (CSs) play a crucial role in the storage and conversion of magnetic energy in planetary magnetotails. Using high‐resolution magnetic field data from MAVEN spacecraft, we report the ...existence of super thin current sheets (STCSs) in the Martian magnetotail. The typical half‐thickness of the STCSs is ~5 km, and it is much less than the gyroradius of thermal protons (ρp). The STCSs are embedded into a thicker sheet with L ≥ ρp forming a multiscale current configuration. The formation of STCS does not depend on ion composition, but it is controlled by the small value of the normal component of the magnetic field at the neutral plane (BN). A number of the observed multiscale CSs are located in the parametric map close to the tearing‐unstable domain, and thus, the inner STCS can provide an additional free energy to excite ion tearing mode in the Martian magnetotail.
Thomson scattering of the core edge and divertor plasma regions of a tokamak with reactor technologies is discussed. The rationale and choice of technical solutions are given, the composition of the ...Thomson scattering diagnostic complex is discussed, as well as an estimate of the accuracy of measuring both electron temperature and density. Particular attention is paid to ensuring the functionality of the proposed diagnostics in the reactor mode of the tokamak operation and the results of testing diagnostic equipment in the experiments on Globus-M2 tokamak.
The results of measuring the electron temperature and density spatial distributions in plasma of the Globus-M2 tokamak using the Thomson scattering diagnostics are presented. The diagnostics provides ...measurements throughout the entire tokamak discharge, starting from time of gas breakdown. The Thomson scattering data were analyzed in order to determine the positions of the last closed flux surface, the plasma magnetic axis, and the radius of inversion during the saw-tooth oscillations. The results of measurements performed during the internal reconnection of magnetic field lines are presents, as well as the dynamics of spatial distributions of electron temperature, density and pressure during the plasma transition to the H-mode. The results of measuring the electron temperature distribution in the scrape-off layer using the Thomson scattering diagnostics are also presented for distances up to 4 cm outside the last closed flux surface.
Divertor Thomson Scattering on Globus-M2 Ermakov, N. V.; Zhiltsov, N. S.; Kurskiev, G. S. ...
Plasma physics reports,
12/2023, Letnik:
49, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
We present the first Thomson scattering (TS) measurements of electron temperature in the lower divertor of the Globus-M2 tokamak. The divertor TS diagnostics is designed for local measurements of the
...T
e
(
z
,
t
) in the range of 1–100 eV and
n
e
(
z
,
t
) in the range of
m
–3
. Parameters of the probing Nd:YAG laser are as follows 1064 nm/2 J/100 Hz/3 ns. The probing chord is launched vertically at
R
= 24 cm and covers areas of the inner leg, vicinity of separatrix and private flux region. Along probing chord of 110 mm, 9 spatial points were realized. Advanced filter polychromators were used to analyze Thomson scattering spectra.
Abstract
The amount of stored and transmitted information is constantly increasing. The search and retrieval of the required data become more difficult as it grows. In this paper, we consider the ...developed storage system. The system stores information about pharmaceutical research. This system effectively stores data depending on its features. The main attention is paid to the issue of data caching at the application server level. To speed up data retrieval, we suggest using a two-section cache. The first section contains the results of queries to the database, and the second contains data from the file system. Analytical and simulation caching models have been developed for research. In the model, you can specify the distribution of requests, the size of the cache sections, the number of requests, and other parameters. The model uses the LRU cache replacement policy. The graphs of model research depending on the cache size and other parameters are provided. The analytical model considers the ideal case, so it shows better results compared to the simulation model.
The article presents the results of the development of electron accelerators, performed at the Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, as well as in the recently ...created Laboratory of Electron Accelerators MSU (LEA MSU). The report focuses on the new linear electron accelerators for radiography, cargo inspection, medicine, as well as industrial accelerators with high beam power and energy from up to 10 MeV, which are developed by LEA MSU and manufactured jointly with JSC “RPE “Toriy”. Over the past year, more than 20 accelerators of six different types have been delivered to customers.
•Electron linacs with pulse-to-pulse energy switching between low and high values.•Radiation therapy - real-time imaging instrumentation using the beam itself.•Cargo inspection: detailed information about the cargo material.
Combined Thomson scattering (TS) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) diagnostics are being developed. The Thomson scattering and laser-induced fluorescence are laser diagnostics, with joint both ...probing and c-ollecting optical systems, which are the most complex and expensive parts of the diagnostic systems of large tokamaks, can be combined. Thomson scattering by free electrons is the use-proven diagnostic method for measuring profiles of important parameters of the plasma electron component (electron tempera-ture
T
e
and electron density
n
e
), which requires a minimum of model assumptions. Almost all existing tokamaks are equipped with one or more TS systems, and by now, considerable experience has been accumulated in practical methods for implementation of these systems. The use of laser-induced fluorescence for measuring parameters of ion and neutral plasma components is less common, also because it requires knowledge of electron parameters to calculate populations of excited levels. The joint diagnostics of the Thomson scattering and laser-induced fluorescence in divertor plasma will be used to simultaneously measure the plasma parameters necessary for fundamental understanding physics of plasma detachment from divertor plates. These parameters are: the local parameters of plasma electrons (
T
e
,
n
e
), ion temperature (
T
i
) measured from the data on emission of helium ions (HeII), as well as densities of helium atoms (
n
a
(He)) and hydrogen isotopes (
n
a
(H,D,T)). The measured parameters make it possible to calculate the following characteristics: (i) the ionization and recombination rates (using the data on
T
e
,
n
e
,
T
i
, and
n
a
(H, D, T)); (ii) the friction force of the plasma flow due to collisions with neutral particles (using the data on
T
i
,
n
i
(assuming
n
i
=
n
e
), and
n
a
(H, D, T)); and (iii) the pressure of the oncoming plasma flow (using the data on
T
e
,
n
e
,
T
i
, and
n
i
). The article discusses advantages of combining laser diagnostics and ways of further development of the joint diagnostcs, based on the experience of creating similar diagnostics for domestic tokamaks and the similar diagnostics developed for ITER.
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Biogeochemical studies were carried out in two territories of the Northern Caucasus, including the Unal depression (which is enriched in Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd) in the basin of the Ardon River in the ...Republic of North Ossetia–Alania and a profile down the Baksan River (which is characterized by elevated W and Mo concentrations) in the Kabardino–Balkarian Republic. The accumulation of metals was studied in both individual plants and ecogroups and in a lateral profile and a profile across altitudinal belts in the basin of the Ardon River. Selective Zn enrichment was found in the leaves of the birch
Betula platyphylla
Sukacz., whereas Cd and Zn were detected to be accumulated in the leaves of various willow and aspen types. Correlations were evaluated between the activity of soil enzymes (dehydrogenases, invertase, peroxidase, and catalase) and the concentration levels metals in soils at base-metal and W–Mo of biogeochemical provinces. It was determined that an increase in the totals of the concentrations of all metals in the soils of both areas is inhibited the activity of dehydrogenase. According to the degree of their inhibition by metals, the soil enzymes define the following sequence: dehydrogenases > invertase > (catalase and peroxidase). A change in the activity of soil enzymes at anthropogenic pollution can serve as an additional biogeochemical indicator for exploration operations and in ecological studies.
Superconducting integrated circuits based on high-quality Nb–AlO
x
–Nb and Nb–AlN–NbN tunnel junctions, including a harmonic mixer with a high harmonic number, have been developed, optimized, and ...investigated. Details of the design, manufacturing methods, and specificities of operation of superconducting elements and circuits for the detection and study of terahertz radiation from cryogenic integrated oscillators are presented. The signal of an integral terahertz oscillator was detected, its power was estimated, and the radiation spectrum was measured with a resolution of about 1 Hz. The synchronization of a superconducting oscillator at any frequency in the range 250–750 GHz with a spectral quality higher than 50% has been realized, and the phase noise of the generator in the PLL mode has been measured.
Abzymes with various catalytic activities are the earliest statistically significant markers of existing and developing autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Currently, schizophrenia (SCZD) is not considered ...to be a typical AID. It was demonstrated recently that antibodies from SCZD patients efficiently hydrolyze DNA and myelin basic protein. Here, we showed for the first time that autoantibodies from 35 SCZD patients efficiently hydrolyze RNA (cCMP > poly(C) > poly(A) > yeast RNA) and analyzed site-specific hydrolysis of microRNAs involved in the regulation of several genes in SCZD (miR-137, miR-9-5p, miR-219-2-3p, and miR-219a-5p). All four microRNAs were cleaved by IgG preparations (
n
= 21) from SCZD patients in a site-specific manner. The RNase activity of the abzymes correlated with SCZD clinical parameters. The data obtained showed that SCZD patients might display signs of typical autoimmune processes associated with impaired functioning of microRNAs resulting from their hydrolysis by the abzymes.
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