The Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target polarimeter is employed by the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to measure the absolute polarization of each colliding proton beam. Polarimeter ...detectors and data acquisition were upgraded in 2015 to increase solid angle, energy range, and energy resolution. These upgrades and advanced systematic error analysis along with improved beam intensity and polarization in RHIC runs 2015 (Ebeam=100 GeV) and 2017 (255 GeV) allowed us to greatly reduce the statistical and systematic uncertainties for elastic spin asymmetries, AN(t) and ANN(t), in the Coulomb-nuclear interference momentum transfer range 0.0013<−t<0.018 GeV2. For the first time hadronic single spin-flip r5 and double spin-flip r2 amplitude parameters were reliably isolated at these energies and momentum transfers. Measurements at two beam energies enable a separation of Pomeron and Regge pole contributions to r5(s) and r2(s), indicating that the spin component may persist at high energies.
Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sqrts_{NN}) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of ...the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sqrts_{NN} with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sqrts_{NN}.
At RHIC, the hydrogen jet target polarimeter (HJET) is used to measure proton beam polarization with accuracy \(\sigma_P^\text{syst}/P\lesssim0.5\%\) by counting low energy (1--10 MeV) recoil protons ...in left-right symmetric detectors. The HJET performance also allowed us to precisely measure \(pp\) and \(p\)A (where A is any ion stored at RHIC) analyzing powers in the CNI region. The results of the measurements are discussed.
The polarization measurement through elastic (p-vector,C) reaction plays a crucial role in the polarized proton beam operation of Relativistic Heavy Ion collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. As ...well as measuring the polarization, the unknown analyzing power AN of elastic (p-vector,C) is determined as well in combination with the absolute polarization meausement by a H-jet polarimeter. The systematic uncertainty of the Run05 measurements are discussed as well as introducing the experimental apparatus of the polarimeter system.
The Breit-Wheeler process which produces matter and antimatter from photon collisions is experimentally investigated through the observation of 6085 exclusive electron-positron pairs in ...ultraperipheral Au + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV . The measurements reveal a large fourth-order angular modulation of cos 4 Δ ϕ = ( 16.8 ± 2.5 ) % and smooth invariant mass distribution absent of vector mesons ( ϕ , ω , and ρ ) at the experimental limit of ≤ 0.2 % of the observed yields. The differential cross section as a function of e+ e− pair transverse momentum P⊥ peaks at low value with √⟨P⊥2 ⟩ = 38.1 ± 0.9 MeV and displays a significant centrality dependence. These features are consistent with QED calculations for the collision of linearly polarized photons quantized from the extremely strong electromagnetic fields generated by the highly charged Au nuclei at ultrarelativistic speed. The experimental results have implications for vacuum birefringence and for mapping the magnetic field which is important for emergent QCD phenomena.
Global polarization of Ξ and Ω hyperons has been measured for the first time in Au + Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV. The measurements of the Ξ− and ... hyperon polarization have been performed by ...two independent methods, via analysis of the angular distribution of the daughter particles in the parity violating weak decay Ξ → Λ + π, as well as by measuring the polarization of the daughter Λ hyperon, polarized via polarization transfer from its parent. The polarization, obtained by combining the results from the two methods and averaged over Ξ− and ... is measured to be ⟨PΞ⟩ = 0.47 ± 0.10(stat) ± 0.23(syst)% for the collision centrality 20%–80%. The ⟨PΞ⟩ is found to be slightly larger than the inclusive Λ polarization and in reasonable agreement with a multiphase transport model. The ⟨PΞ⟩ is found to follow the centrality dependence of the vorticity predicted in the model, increasing toward more peripheral collisions. The global polarization of Ω, ⟨PΩ⟩ = 1.11 ± 0.87(stat) ± 1.97(syst)% was obtained by measuring the polarization of daughter Λ in the decay Ω → Λ + K, assuming the polarization transfer factor CΩΛ = 1.
RHIC polarimetry Nakagawa, I.; Alekseev, I.; Bazilevsky, A. ...
The European physical journal. ST, Special topics,
08/2008, Letnik:
162, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Polarimeters were developed to measure the polarization of the proton beam at RHIC in relative scale through the asymmetry measurement of the elastic proton-carbon scattering. Recoil carbon ions with ...kinetic energy of 400 ≤
E
≤ 900 keV were detected by silicon strip detectors installed at 90° with respect to the beam. The absolute polarization is given by normalizing against another polarimeter implemented at RHIC, namely a polarized hydrogen gas jet polarimeter. In this report, the details of polarization measurements, data analysis, and systematic uncertainties are discussed based on the data taken during √
s
= 200 GeV operation of Run05 at RHIC.
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