We investigate the contentious issue of the presence, or lack thereof, of satellites mass segregation in galaxy groups using the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey, the GALFORM semi-analytic and ...the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamical simulation catalogues of galaxy groups. We select groups with halo mass \(12 \leqslant \log(M_{\text{halo}}/h^{-1}M_\odot) <14.5\) and redshift \(z \leqslant 0.32\) and probe the radial distribution of stellar mass out to twice the group virial radius. All the samples are carefully constructed to be complete in stellar mass at each redshift range and efforts are made to regularise the analysis for all the data. Our study shows negligible mass segregation in galaxy group environments with absolute gradients of \(\lesssim0.08\) dex and also shows a lack of any redshift evolution. Moreover, we find that our results at least for the GAMA data are robust to different halo mass and group centre estimates. Furthermore, the EAGLE data allows us to probe much fainter luminosities (\(r\)-band magnitude of 22) as well as investigate the three-dimensional spatial distribution with intrinsic halo properties, beyond what the current observational data can offer. In both cases we find that the fainter EAGLE data show a very mild spatial mass segregation at \(z \leqslant 0.22\), which is again not apparent at higher redshift. Interestingly, our results are in contrast to some earlier findings using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We investigate the source of the disagreement and suggest that subtle differences between the group finding algorithms could be the root cause.
Hip Protectors: Results of a User Survey Birks, Carol; Lockwood, Keri; Cameron, Ian ...
Australasian journal on ageing,
02/1999, Letnik:
18, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Introduction: Hip fracture has the greatest personal and economic impact of all fall‐related injuries in the elderly population. External hip protectors have been developed and have been effective in ...reducing the incidence of hip fracture in one study. Their level of effectiveness, however, is influenced significantly by whether people will wear them.
Objectives: To ascertain, from the users of hip protectors, their experiences with the garments and their attitudes towards them.
Method: A postal self‐report questionnaire was sent to all purchasers (n=82) of hip protectors from the Hip Protector Project Office at Hornsby Ku‐ ring‐gai Hospital from June 1996 to March 1997.
Results: The response rate was 55%. The majority (71%) of users wore the hip protectors at all times during the day. Eleven per cent of all users had fallen while wearing the protectors. Most responders found hip protectors comfortable and acceptable to wear and believed that they were effective. Problems identified included difficulty in wearing the garment if suffering from incontinence or from a weakness in the upper limbs. The cost of the hip protectors was also identified as an important issue.
Conclusions: A positive attitude overall towards the garment was demonstrated. However, more formal user testing needs to be conducted in order to clarify recommendations for people with incontinence, and for those who have difficulty pulling the garment down for toileting.
To develop evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of proximal femoral fractures to optimise functional outcome while minimising length of stay in hospital.
Systematic literature search of ...MEDLINE and CINAHL computer databases, bibliographies, and current contents of key journals for 1966-1995.
English-language randomised controlled trials of all aspects of acute-care hospital treatment of proximal femoral fracture among subjects aged 50 years and over with proximal femoral fractures not due to metastatic disease.
Two independent reviewers, blinded to authors, institution and study results, followed a standard Cochrane Collaboration protocol and assessed study quality and treatment conclusions. When necessary, a third review was performed to reach consensus.
Of the 120 articles published between 1966 and December 1995, 97 met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen clinical interventions were reviewed. Five were supported by National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) level I evidence (prophylactic anticoagulants, prophylactic antibiotics, regional anaesthesia, pressure-relieving mattresses, and internal surgical fixation), two had no supporting randomised controlled trial evidence (time to surgery, time to mobilisation after surgery) and the remainder were classified as having Level II evidence. A review of current practice (1993-94) identified wide variability in these interventions across five acute-care hospitals in the Northern Sydney Area Health Service.
Randomised controlled trial evidence (NHMRC Levels I and II) exists for many, but not all, aspects of hip fracture treatment. There is a need for changes to be made to some aspects of practice in accordance with evidence-based guidelines.
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