Excitation of a bound state in the continuum (BIC) through scattering is problematic since it is by definition uncoupled. Here, we consider a type of dressed BIC and show that it can be excited in a ...nonlinear system through multiphoton scattering and delayed quantum feedback. The system is a semi-infinite waveguide with linear dispersion coupled to a qubit, in which a single-photon, dressed BIC is known to exist. We show that this BIC can be populated via multiphoton scattering in the non-Markovian regime, where the photon delay time (due to the qubit-mirror distance) is comparable with the qubit's decay. A similar process excites the BIC existing in an infinite waveguide coupled to two distant qubits, thus yielding stationary entanglement between the qubits. This shows, in particular, that single-photon trapping via multiphoton scattering can occur without band edge effects or cavities, the essential resource being instead the delayed quantum feedback provided by a single mirror or the emitters themselves.
•An alternating test of chloride immersion diffusion and freeze-thaw was carried out.•The test process is more in line with the actual situation of high latitudes.•Total amount of chloride transport ...is larger than diffusion amount.•Boundary concentration of chloride increases with the freeze-thaw cycles.•Phase transition of pore solution can also drive the migration of chloride ions.
For the reinforced concrete structure in high latitude marine environment, the influence of freeze-thaw on chloride ion transport has been paid more and more attention. This paper intends to explore whether there is any other unknown coupling mode, by an alternating experiment of rapid freeze-thaw and chloride diffusion. For the purpose of data comparison, the tests of pure immersion diffusion are also carried out. It is found that the transport rate of chloride ions in the alternating test is significantly higher than that in the control groups; and the boundary concentration increases with the number of freeze-thaw cycles. The result indicates that there exists another influence mechanism of freeze-thaw on the transport of chloride ions, in addition to increasing the diffusion coefficient. Then, a new hypothesis mode is proposed and its mechanism is explained from the micro scale, i.e. the phase transition of pore solution during the freeze-thaw process can drive the migration of chloride ions dissolved in it.
Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of fracture. Glycemic control is crucial to the management of DM, but there are concerns pertaining to hypoglycemia development in the ...course of glycemic control target achievement. The extent to which glycemic control may affect the risk of fracture remains less defined. Hypoglycemia-induced falls have been suggested to contribute to an elevated risk of fracture in DM patients. In this meta-analysis of observational studies, we aimed to investigate the relative contribution of glycemic control, as measured by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and hypoglycemia to the risk of fracture in DM. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies. A random-effects model was used to generate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Both increased HbA1c levels (RR
per 1% increase
1.08, 95% CI 1.03, 1.14;
n
studies
= 10) and hypoglycemia (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.23, 1.88;
n
studies
= 8) were associated with an increased risk of fracture. The association between HbA1c levels and the risk of fracture was somewhat nonlinear, with a noticeably increased risk observed at an HbA1c level ≥ 8%. The positive associations of HbA1c levels and hypoglycemia with the risk of fracture did not reach statistical significance in the studies that adjusted for insulin use, hypoglycemia, or falls for the former and in those that adjusted for falls for the latter. In summary, both increased HbA1c levels and hypoglycemia may increase the risk of fracture in patients with DM. The positive association between HbA1c levels and the risk of fracture appears to be, in part, explained by hypoglycemia-induced falls, possibly due to insulin use. The avoidance of hypoglycemia in the course of achieving good glycemic control through the careful selection of glucose-lowering medications may contribute to fracture prevention by reducing the risk of falls related to treatment-induced hypoglycemia.
We investigate the open dynamics of a qubit due to scattering of a single photon in an infinite or semi-infinite waveguide. Through an exact solution of the time-dependent multi-photon scattering ...problem, we find the qubit's dynamical map. Tools of open quantum systems theory allow us then to show the general features of this map, find the corresponding non-Linbladian master equation, and assess in a rigorous way its non-Markovian nature. The qubit dynamics has distinctive features that, in particular, do not occur in emission processes. Two fundamental sources of non-Markovianity are present: the finite width of the photon wavepacket and the time delay for propagation between the qubit and the end of the semi-infinite waveguide.
Lead with Mastectomy Fang, L Christine
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics,
09/2019, Letnik:
105, Številka:
1
Journal Article
We derive from first principles analytic relations for the second- and third-order moments of $\boldsymbol{\mathsf{m}}$, the spatial gradient of fluid velocity $\boldsymbol{u}$, ...$\boldsymbol{\mathsf{m}} = \nabla \boldsymbol{u}$, in compressible turbulence, which generalize known relations in incompressible flows. These relations, although derived for homogeneous flows, hold approximately for a mixing layer. We also discuss how to apply these relations to determine all the second- and third-order moments of the velocity gradient experimentally for isotropic compressible turbulence.
It has been reported that the miR-106b∼25 cluster, a paralog of the miR-17∼92 cluster, possesses oncogenic activities. However, the precise role of each microRNA (miRNA) in the miR-106b∼25 cluster is ...not yet known. In this study, we examined the function of miR-93, one of the microRNAs within the miR-106b∼25 cluster, in angiogenesis and tumor formation. We found that miR-93 enhanced cell survival, promoted sphere formation and augmented tumor growth. Most strikingly, when miR-93-overexpressing U87 cells were co-cultured with endothelial cells, they supported endothelial cell spreading, growth, migration and tube formation. In vivo studies revealed that miR-93-expressing cells induced blood vessel formation, allowing blood vessels to extend to tumor tissues in high densities. Angiogenesis promoted by miR-93 in return facilitated cell survival, resulting in enhanced tumor growth. We further showed that integrin-β8 is a target of miR-93. Higher levels of integrin-β8 are associated with cell death in tumor mass and in human glioblastoma. Silencing of integrin-β8 expression using small interfering RNA promoted cell proliferation, whereas ectopic expression of integrin-β8 decreased cell growth. These findings showed that miR-93 promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis by suppressing, at least in part, integrin-β8 expression. Our results suggest that inhibition of miR-93 function may be a feasible approach to suppress angiogenesis and tumor growth.
This study advances research on high‐commitment work systems (HCWSs) and organizational innovation by examining how the configuration of middle managers' work–family issues (i.e., work–family ...conflict and work climate for sharing family concerns) shape the relationship between HCWSs and innovation performance. Using a matched sample of senior management team members, middle managers, and frontline employees from 113 Chinese manufacturing firms and two waves of survey, we found that HCWSs are associated with enhanced levels of middle managers' innovative behavior, an association that improves innovation performance. The results also show that high levels of work–family conflict weaken the relationship between HCWSs and innovative behavior, but can be attenuated when a work climate better facilitates the sharing of family concerns. The study contributes to the knowledge of the role of HCWSs and contextual conditions of their effects in enhancing organizational innovation performance, with specific implications for the Chinese context.
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