Lead halide perovskites are emerging as an excellent material platform for optoelectronic processes. There have been extensive discussions on lasing, polariton formation, and nonlinear processes in ...this material system, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here we probe lasing from CsPbBr
perovskite nanowires with picosecond (ps) time resolution and show that lasing originates from stimulated emission of an electron-hole plasma. We observe an anomalous blue-shifting of the lasing gain profile with time up to 25 ps, and assign this as a signature for lasing involving plasmon emission. The time domain view provides an ultra-sensitive probe of many-body physics which was obscured in previous time-integrated measurements of lasing from lead halide perovskite nanowires.
Neoadjuvant therapy is recommended for locally advanced esophageal cancer, but the optimal strategy remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy ...(nCRT) versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) followed by minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Eligible patients staged as cT3-4aN0-1M0 ESCC were randomly assigned (1 : 1) to the nCRT or nCT group stratified by age, cN stage, and centers. The chemotherapy, based on paclitaxel and cisplatin, was administered to both groups, while concurrent radiotherapy was added for the nCRT group; then MIE was carried out. The primary endpoint was 3-year overall survival. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03001596).
A total of 264 patients were eligible for the intention-to-treat analysis. By 30 November 2021, 121 deaths had occurred. The median follow-up was 43.9 months (interquartile range 36.6-49.3 months). The overall survival in the intention-to-treat population was comparable between the nCRT and nCT strategies hazard ratio (HR) 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58-1.18; P = 0.28, with a 3-year survival rate of 64.1% (95% CI 56.4% to 72.9%) versus 54.9% (95% CI 47.0% to 64.2%), respectively. There were also no differences in progression-free survival (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.59-1.16; P = 0.27) and recurrence-free survival (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.71-1.60; P = 0.75), although the pathological complete response in the nCRT group (31/112, 27.7%) was significantly higher than that in the nCT group (3/104, 2.9%; P < 0.001). Besides, a trend of lower risk of recurrence was observed in the nCRT group (P = 0.063), while the recurrence pattern was similar (P = 0.802).
NCRT followed by MIE was not associated with significantly better overall survival than nCT among patients with cT3-4aN0-1M0 ESCC. The results underscore the pending issue of the best strategy of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced bulky ESCC.
•The CMISG1701 trial assessed the safety and efficacy of nCRT versus nCT followed by MIE for locally advanced bulky ESCC.•The nCRT followed by MIE strategy could not improve survival significantly compared with the nCT strategy.•The best strategy of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced bulky ESCC remains a pending issue.
Brain metastasis (BM) is a major cause of mortality in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients; however, the molecular pathway of SCLC BM remains largely unknown because of a lack of investigation. ...Here we screen the levels of some candidate-soluble factors in the serum of SCLC patients and find that SCLC patients with high levels of placental growth factor (PLGF) are prone to BM. Using in vitro blood-brain barrier model, we show that PLGF derived from SCLC cells triggers vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1-Rho-extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 signaling axis activation, results in disassembly of tight junction in brain endothelial cells and promotes SCLC cell transendothelial migration. Furthermore, the downregulation of PLGF suppresses SCLC cell metastasis to the brain in an experimental BM model. These data suggest that PLGF is a potential signature of SCLC BM and a prospective therapeutic target for SCLC BM.
•The fatigue strength increased 27% after heat treatment.•The fatigue crack origins primarily involve the printing defects.•The defect area is pretty larger in fracture surface than in bulk ...samples.•The fatigue strength could be predicted using the defect size prior to fatigue test.
Microstructure, defects and their effects on the fatigue properties of Inconel 718 alloy after laser-based power bed fusion and subsequent heat treatment were extensively investigated. A large number of γ′ and γ″ phases were produced in the heat-treated samples while little changes in grain morphology and texture occurred. The hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue limit increased by 46%, 41%, and 27%, respectively, after heat treatment. The fatigue limit could be predicted using defects based on optical microscopy measurement of the bulk samples and examination of SEM fatigue crack origins via a combination of Murakami model and extreme value statistics.
Using data samples with a total integrated luminosity of 20.1 fb−1 collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the cross section of the process e+ e− → π+ π− ψ ( 3686 ) is ...measured at center-of-mass energies between 4.0076 and 4.6984 GeV. The measured cross section is consistent with previous results, and with much improved precision. A fit to the measured energy-dependent cross section, which includes three Breit-Wigner functions and a nonresonant contribution, confirms the existence of the charmonium-like states Y (4220), Y (4390), and Y (4660). This is the first observation of the Y (4660) at the BESIII experiment.
Abstract Most previous studies on facial asymmetry have not specifically differentiated mandible deviation from structural asymmetry of the mandible. The purpose of this study was to assess the ...symmetry of the mandible by examining its contour in a cohort of patients with significant facial asymmetry. Eleven cases of facial asymmetry with chin deviation ≥10 mm were enrolled. A voxel-paired median plane (optimal symmetry plane, OSP) and two landmark-based median planes were generated. The OSP was created by computing the best pairing of the bony voxels on the two sides. One side of the mandibular contour was mirrored onto the other side using the test plane. The contour differences were measured by distance and by area ratio. They were examined both in frontal and frontal downward inclined view. The contour symmetry of the mandible was that revealed by the plane that presented the best symmetry. The results showed that the OSP worked best in bisecting the contour into two symmetrical halves. Contour analysis showed relatively small discrepancies between the two sides. In conclusion, the mandibles retained an acceptable contour symmetry despite the presence of significant mandibular deviations. It is suggested that proper mandibular alignment be the primary objective in the correction of facial asymmetry.
The singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay Lambda(+)(c) -> n pi(+) e is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of 7.3 sigma by using 3.9 fb(-1) of e(+)e(-) collision data collected ...at center-of-mass energies between 4.612 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. The branching fraction of Lambda(+)(c) -> n pi(+) is measured to be (6.6 +/- 1.2(stat) 0.4(syst)) x 10(-4). By taking the upper limit of branching fractions of Lambda(+)(c) -> n pi(+) from the Belle experiment, the ratio of branching fractions between Lambda(+)(c) -> n pi(+) and Lambda(+)(c) -> p pi(0) is calculated to be larger than 7.2 at the 90% confidence level, which disagrees with most predictions of the available phenomenological models. In addition, the branching fractions of the Cabibbo-favored decays Lambda(+)(c) -> Lambda pi(+) and Lambda(+)(c)-> Sigma(0)(pi+) are measured to be (1.31 +/- 0.08(stat) +/- 0.05(syst)) x 10(-2) and (1.22 +/- 0.08(stat) +/- 0.07(syst)) x 10(-2), respectively, which are consistent with previous results.
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