Abstract Background Childhood maltreatment has been linked to adulthood cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known about the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) in late ...adolescence and young adulthood and CVD risk later in adulthood. Purpose To examine whether IPV perpetration and victimization experienced in late adolescence and young adulthood are associated with CVD risk among adults in the United States and whether this relationship differs by sex. Methods Data include 9,976 participants (50% female) in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Physical and sexual IPV were measured at wave 3 (2001/02) with items from the revised Conflict Tactics Scales. Participants’ 30-year risk of CVD was calculated at wave 4 (2008/09) using a Framingham prediction model. Linear regression models adjusted for confounders and IPV by sex interaction terms were tested to examine the relationship. Results The mean CVD risk score was 13.18% (95% CI: 12.71, 13.64). A one-standard deviation increase in the victimization score was associated with a 0.28% (95% CI: 0.03, 0.54) increase in CVD risk. Perpetration was similarly positively associated with CVD risk (beta: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.62). When measured as a composite, all violence types were associated with increased CVD risk but only prior exposure to both victimization and perpetration reached statistical significance (0.62%, 95% CI: 0.01, 1.22). No differences by sex were detected. Conclusions Effect sizes are not large, but early detection of increased CVD risk in this relatively young population is notable and worthy of further study to inform the clinical response.
A rapid detection technology for okadaic acid (OA) in shellfish with one-step immunochromatographic assay using colloidal gold-labeled monoclonal antibody (Mab) probe was developed. OA is one of the ...diarrhetic shellfish toxins. Firstly, OA was conjugated to bovine serum albumin, and the conjugations as immunogen were injected into mice to raise the polyclonal antibody against OA. Hybridoma cells fused between spleen cells from immunized mouse and myeloma cells (Sp2/0) were prepared and injected into mice intraperitoneally at 1 × 10
6
cells to produce monoclonal antibody in the ascitic fluid. With the monoclonal antibody against OA, the idc-ELISA assay was established to detect OA. The calibration curve for OA was linear over the concentration range of 0.31–50 ng mL
−1
, and the detection limit for OA was 0.45 ng mL
−1
. On that basis, paper test strips for detecting OA were prepared, and a fast detection method for okadaic acid using gold-labeled immunological assay was established. With the paper test strips, the detection limit was 6.25 ng mL
−1
, and whole detection process for OA in shellfish samples needed only about 40 min.
Osteoclasts： New Insights Feng, Xu; Teitelbaum, Steven L
Bone research,
03/2013, Letnik:
1, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, play a pivotal role in skeletal development and adult bone remodeling. They also participate in the pathogenesis of various bone disorders. Osteoclasts ...differentiate from cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage upon stimulation of two essential factors, the monocyte/ macrophage colony stimulating factor （M-CSF） and receptor activation of NF-κB ligand （RANKL）. M-CSF binds to its receptor c-Fms to activate distinct signaling pathways to stimulate the proliferation and survival of osteoclast precursors and the mature cell. RANKL, however, is the primary osteoclast differentiation factor, and promotes osteoclast differentiation mainly through controlling gene expression by activating its receptor, RANK. Osteoclast function depends on polarization of the cell, induced by integrin avβ3, to form the resorptive machinery characterized by the attachment to the bone matrix and the formation of the bone-apposed ruffled border. Recent studies have provided new insights into the mechanism of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. In particular, c-Fms and RANK signaling have been shown to regulate bone resorption by cross-talking with those activated by integrin avβ3. This review discusses new advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of osteoclast differentiation and function.
MicroRNAs are important in cancer development and progression. In the present study, the clinical significance and function of microRNA-711 (miR-711) expression in breast cancer were investigated. ...The expression level of miR-711 was analyzed in breast cancer tissue samples using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis and Transwell assays were performed in breast cancer cell lines transfected with miR-711 mimics or inhibitors, or control sequence. miR-711 was found to be upregulated in 30 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue samples compared with paired non-cancerous breast tissues (P<0.05). Furthermore, a higher miR-711 expression was demonstrated to be associated with poor overall and disease-free survival times in 161 breast cancer patients, and miR-711 was identified as an independent prognostic factor using multivariate Cox regression analysis. In vitro, overexpression of miR-711 resulted in a significant increase in proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. By contrast, downregulating miR-711 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion and enhanced the rate of apoptosis of breast cancer cells. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that miR-711 is an independent prognostic factor and serves an important oncogenic function in breast cancer, suggesting that miR-711 is a potential biomarker of prognosis and a molecular therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Hot yoga establishments have been increasing in popularity in local communities. Studios may support participation among pregnant women though no clinical studies currently exist that examine ...prenatal hot yoga effects. The pilot study described in this article aimed to assess the spread of prenatal hot yoga and to provide information on the environmental conditions and practices of those who engage in hot yoga within a local community. A thermal environment meter was used to measure ambient air conditions during three 90-minute hot yoga classes. Mothers who practiced prenatal hot yoga were more likely than non-hot yoga practitioners to have someone aside from an obstetrician/gynecologist discuss prenatal exercise safety with them. Prenatal public health education campaigns need to be refined. Public health officials and obstetricians/gynecologists need to be aware that those who engage in a hot yoga practice are more likely to trust someone other than their health care provider or public health professional regarding safety of this practice.
Early-onset seizures are common in children with arterial ischemic stroke, but the clinical features and effects on the outcome of early-onset seizures have been less studied in children.
Children ...aged 1 month to 18 years presenting with first-time and image-confirmed arterial ischemic stroke were identified for analysis.
A total of 78 survivors of arterial ischemic stroke were enrolled. Twenty (25.6%) had early-onset seizures, and 90% were initial presentation. Younger children (mean, 3.4±3.9 versus 9.0±6.2 years; P<0.001) and cortical involvement (5% versus 63.8%; P=0.01) are more likely to have early-onset seizures. Thirteen of 20 survivors with early-onset seizures had late-onset seizures after the acute stage, and 12 of them were diagnosed as poststroke epilepsy.
Early-onset seizures occurred in 25.6% of children with arterial ischemic stroke. Younger age and cortical involvement were risk factors for early-onset seizures. Sixty-five percent of children with early-onset seizures had late-onset seizures after the acute stage.
Purpose
The objectives of this study were to explore the factors influencing urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in diesel engine exhaust emission inspectors (inspectors), the ...association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure and fine particulate matter (PM
2.5
) levels in diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), and the PAHs exposure levels in diesel vehicle emission inspection stations (inspection stations).
Methods
Twenty-eight inspectors and a control group of thirty-eight individuals matched by age and gender were recruited for this study. Fifteen ambient air samples and eighty-four personal air samples were monitored during 3-day work periods using a repeated-measures study design in each inspection station. Airborne samples were analyzed with a fluorescence detector and by high-performance liquid chromatography. Urinary 8-OHdG was measured in 168 pre- and post-work urine samples from inspectors, and in 38 urine samples from controls.
Results
The concentrations of PAHs in DEP
2.5
(PM
2.5
in DEPs) were significantly and positively related to urinary log
10
8-OHdG levels after adjusting for smoking status and BMI. Statistically, there was a significant correlation between air log
10
PAHs and air log
10
PM
2.5
concentrations in inspectors. Fifteen PAHs compounds within DEP
2.5
revealed the concentrations ranged from 5.18 to 22.93 ng/m
3
in ambient air monitoring and 1.03 to 12.60 ng/m
3
in personal air monitoring.
Conclusions
This study is the first to indicate an association between occupational PAHs exposure from DEP
2.5
at an inspection station and an increased excretion of urinary 8-OHdG in inspectors. In addition, this study also found smoking is not a confounder in inspectors exposed to PAHs in DEP
2.5
.
Using genome-wide screening and TCGA-based data analysis, we identified a DNA methylation-related gene named metallothionein-1G (MT1G), which may play an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma ...(HCC). In this study, we found that MT1G expression was silenced in 4/6 HCC cell lines and negatively related to aberrant promoter hypermethylation. Its mRNA level was restored with demethylation treatment. Moreover, MT1G downregulation at both the transcriptional and protein level was also detected in 8 pairs of clinical HCC samples compared with its expression in adjacent normal tissues. Ectopic expression of MT1G in silenced HCC cell lines inhibited colony formation, suppressed cell migration and invasion, and repressed xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. In contrast, knockdown of MT1G by short hairpin RNA showed the opposite effect on cell proliferation and the malignant phenotype. Moreover, our data showed that MT1G suppressed tumor invasion and metastasis mainly through regulating the expression of proteins in the matrix metalloproteinase family (MMP) and modulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. To our surprise, the data from TCGA showed that hypermethylation of MT1G is associated with good survival of HCC patients. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that MT1G acts as a tumor suppressor gene in HCC development, but its clinical potential in HCC requires further evaluation.
The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) investigation of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) addresses the chemical and isotopic composition of the atmosphere and volatiles extracted from solid samples. The ...SAM investigation is designed to contribute substantially to the mission goal of quantitatively assessing the habitability of Mars as an essential step in the search for past or present life on Mars. SAM is a 40 kg instrument suite located in the interior of MSL’s Curiosity rover. The SAM instruments are a quadrupole mass spectrometer, a tunable laser spectrometer, and a 6-column gas chromatograph all coupled through solid and gas processing systems to provide complementary information on the same samples. The SAM suite is able to measure a suite of light isotopes and to analyze volatiles directly from the atmosphere or thermally released from solid samples. In addition to measurements of simple inorganic compounds and noble gases SAM will conduct a sensitive search for organic compounds with either thermal or chemical extraction from sieved samples delivered by the sample processing system on the Curiosity rover’s robotic arm.
We consider the problem of online and real-time registration of partial point clouds obtained from an unseen real-world rigid object without knowing its 3D model. The point cloud is partial as it is ...obtained by a depth sensor capturing only the visible part of the object from a certain viewpoint. It introduces two main challenges: 1) two partial point clouds do not fully overlap and 2) keypoints tend to be less reliable when the visible part of the object does not have salient local structures. To address these issues, we propose DeepPRO, a keypoint-free and an end-to-end trainable deep neural network. Its core idea is inspired by how humans align two point clouds: we can imagine how two point clouds will look like after the registration based on their shape. To realize the idea, DeepPRO has inputs of two partial point clouds and directly predicts the point-wise location of the aligned point cloud. By preserving the ordering of points during the prediction, we enjoy dense correspondences between input and predicted point clouds when inferring rigid transform parameters. We conduct extensive experiments on the real-world Linemod and synthetic ModelNet40 datasets. In addition, we collect and evaluate on the PRO1k dataset, a large-scale version of Linemod meant to test generalization to real-world scans. Results show that DeepPRO achieves the best accuracy against thirteen strong baseline methods, e.g., 2.2mm ADD on the Linemod dataset, while running 50 fps on mobile devices.
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