Groups of microRNA genes, methylation of which is associated with the initial (I-II) stages of breast cancer, are determined, and new markers and marker systems for the disease diagnosis were created ...on the basis of these data. A total of 14 genes in which methylation was associated with breast cancer were identified with the use of methyl-specific PCR on a representative sample of 70 tumor specimens. Analysis of 46 specimens from patients with clinical stages I and II detected 9 genes (
MIR-124-1
,
MIR-124-3
,
MIR-125b-1
,
MIR-129-2
,
MIR-132
,
MIR-148a
,
MIR-193a
,
MIR-34b/c
, and
MIR-9-3
), in which methylation was associated with the initial stages of the disease. Using ROC analysis, we formed two systems including 6 markers each and detecting breast cancer at stages I-II with high sensitivity (89 and 91%) and specificity (88%) at AUC=0.92-0.93. These sets were validated on the total sample of 70 specimens including all disease stages; they showed 93 and 94% sensitivities, 88% specificity, and AUC=0.95. Highly sensitive systems of markers, based on microRNA gene methylation, were created for the diagnosis of breast cancer at stages I-II.
HDAC inhibitors (HDIs) induce irreversible cell cycle arrest and senescence in E1A+Ras expressing cells. Furthermore, HDIs activate Gadd45α/NF-κB signaling pathway to suppress apoptosis thereby ...promoting the cell survival. Here, to clarify the role of Gadd45α in realization of the antiapoptotic program, we compared wild-type E1A+Ras cells and the cells with knockout of gadd45α gene (Gadd45α−/− cells). As in Gadd45α-expressing E1A+Ras cells, HDIs induce irreversible cell cycle arrest in Gadd45α−/− cells, but the arrested cells do not senesce and eventually die due to activation of the apoptotic death program. These data suggest that the expression of Gadd45α is involved in maintaining the balance of pro- and anti-apoptotic stimuli, while lack or loss of Gadd45 directs the cells to apoptosis after HDIs treatment. Appropriately Gadd45α-deficient cells demonstrate a higher level of pro-apoptotic signals, whereas the anti-apoptotic program is suppressed. The elevated apoptotic background of Gadd45α−/− cells is accompanied by higher levels of Ser15-phosphorylated p53 and p21/Waf1 proteins that additionally commit the cells to HDIs-induced apoptosis. Additionally, loss of Gadd45α protein activates the DDR signaling pathway as demonstrated by nuclear pATM staining, accumulation of γH2AX foci and an increase of single-strand DNA breaks. Thus, in wild-type E1A+Ras cells the p53-dependent expression of Gadd45α is necessary not only for DNA repair and HDI-induced cellular senescence, but also to withstand to apoptosis after DNA damage and stress. Therefore the use of HDIs in combination with agents that block Gadd45α function may have promise for cancer therapy.
The assessment of a new variety of spring soft wheat Aist 45 was given based on the analysis data of yield, plasticity, grain quality, and disease resistance. The studies were carried out at the ...Kurgan Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the Ural Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A test in breeding nurseries (2011-2020) showed an excess of yield over mid-season and mid-late standards (4.4 and 2.8 cwt/ha). In the ecological test under the KASIB (Kazakstan-Siberian network for improving spring wheat) program of 52 varieties in 16 points of Russia and Kazakhstan (2017-2018), Aist 45 variety had a high rating in terms of yield; according to the results of technological analysis, it showed good potential in the content of protein (15.7-16, 3%) and gluten in grain (31.6-32.4%), attributed to valuable wheat. When evaluated for resistance to brown rust against an artificial background in the seedling phase, Aist 45 was assigned to the resistant type (VIZR and VNIIF). Against the infectious background of the RIBSP of South Kazakhstan, the variety showed resistance to septoriosis and pyrenophorosis. Susceptible to dust brand. The variety is capable of forming a stable yield in drought stress conditions and epiphytotic development of brown and stem rust.
A new crystal modification of the N-heterocyclic carbene 1,3-bis(2,6-di-isopropylphenyl)-4,5-dichloroimidazol-2-ylidene (IPrCl,
1
) is obtained and structurally characterized. The hydrolysis of this ...compound leads to the formation of the (IPrClH)
+
Cl
–
(
2
) hydrochloride. The Co
3
(Piv)
4
Cl
2
(IPrCl)
2
·2C
7
H
8
(
3
·2C
7
H
8
) mixed-ligand complex is synthesized by the interaction of the Co(Piv)
2
n
cobalt pivalate with IPrCl and is characterized by XRD.
The behavior of cerium tetrafluoride hydrate was studied in water at a temperature of 80°C and under hydrothermal treatment at 100, 130, and 220°C for a day. The product of the hydrothermal treatment ...of CeF
4
·H
2
O at 100°C was investigated by chemical, thermogravimetric, IR spectroscopic, and X-ray powder diffraction analyses, which identified a new cerium fluoride with the composition, presumably, Ce
3
F
10
⋅3H
2
O or, most likely, (H
3
O)Ce
3
F
10
⋅2H
2
O. New compound crystallizes in the space group
with a unit cell parameter of 11.66 Å. Hydrothermal treatment of cerium tetrafluoride hydrate at temperatures above 130°C leads to hydrolysis and reduction of cerium(IV) fluoride compounds to form CeO
2
and CeF
3
.
Changes in the spatial structure of runoff fields in the Don River basin due to the revealed non-stationarity of the hydrological regime are investigated. It is shown that the spatial correlation of ...the spring flood runoff layers, winter and summer-autumn low runoff, as well as snow storage have changed significantly. The chaotic pattern of the spatial correlation was gained, as a result of which the fields of the studied runoff characteristics became heterogeneous and anisotropic.
Intensity of the bands of upconversion luminescence of β-NaYF
4
:Yb
3+
/Tm
3+
nanopowders in DMSO suspensions vs intensity of exciting radiation were analyzed. Ranges of changes in the intensity of ...excitation have been established, in which either the processes of energy transfer from the sensitizer ion to the activator ion or the decay of intermediate levels of activator ions dominate.
Observed and simulated carbon dioxide fluxes in oligotrophic peatlands of Western Siberia are discussed. Net ecosystem exchange, gross primary production, and ecosystem respiration are measured at a ...ridge-hollow complex in the South Taiga zone (Bakchar bog - field station "Vasjuganie") and Middle Taiga zone (Mukhrino bog - field station "Mukhrino"). A model of net ecosystem exchange is used to study the influence of different environmental factors and to calculate daily the growing season carbon budget for an oligotrophic bog. The model uses the air and soil temperature, the incoming photosynthetically active radiation, and the leaf area index as the explanatory factors for gross primary production, heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration. The model coefficients are calibrated using data collected by an automated soil CO2 flux system with a clear long-term chamber. The studied ecosystems are sinks of carbon according to modelling and observation results.
•Crystallization of magnetic particles from Na2O-SrO-Fe2O3-B2O3 glasses is studied.•Increase of sodium oxide content leads to decrease of crystallization temperatures.•Crystallization of 4 nm ...maghemite nanoparticles is observed at low temperatures.•Hexaferrite morphology and properties are determined by annealing temperatures.
Magnetic glass-ceramics with composition nNa2O-9SrO-6Fe2O3-8B2O3 (n = 1 and 4) were prepared by fast quenching of the molten oxide mixtures and subsequent thermal treatment of the obtained glasses at 450–950 °C. The samples were investigated by differential thermal analysis, x-ray powder diffraction, electron microscopy, and SQIUD magnetometry. Increasing of the sodium oxide content leads to a significant decrease of the glass transition, devitrification, and melting temperatures. Just above the glass transition temperature (525 °C for n = 1 and 430 °C for n = 4) superparamagnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles precipitate, which, at elevating annealing temperature, are substituted by thin hexaferrite nanoplatelets with coercivities of 2000–4000 Oe; the annealing at higher temperatures results in crystallization of the submicron hexaferrite particles with a coercivity of up to 6000 Oe. Thus the glass-ceramics are highly applicable sources of non-sintered nanoparticles with various morphologies and magnetic properties.
The reaction of cluster complex (
n
Bu
4
N)
2
Mo
3
Se
7
Br
6
with tetrabromocatechol (H
2
Tbc) in the presence of Et
3
N and Ph
4
PBr results in the formation of (Ph
4
P)
2
Mo
3
Se
7
(Tbc)
3
∙2MeOH ...(
Ia
∙2MeOH). Under the same conditions, the tungsten analogue (
n
Bu
4
N)
2
W
3
S
7
Br
6
is completely or partly destroyed to give the complex (Ph
4
P)(Et
3
NH)WO
2
(Tbc)
2
(
II
). The structures of
Ia
·2MeOH and
II
were established by X-ray diffraction analysis (CCDC nos. 2213900 and 2213901, respectively). The redox properties of complex
Ia
and related (Ph
4
P)
2
Mo
3
S
7
(Tbc)
3
(
Ib
) and (Ph
4
P)
2
Mo
3
S
7
(Tcc)
3
(
Ic
) (Tcc is tetrachlorocatecholate) were also studied by cyclic voltammetry.
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