Fully integrated digital readout, pulse analysis, extraction of time and charge, signal alignment, multiplicity analysis and trigger generation electronics were developed for the new Fast Interaction ...Trigger (FIT) as a part of the upgrade of the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC (Abelev et al., 2014 1; Trzaska, 2017 2). FIT will serve as the main luminometer, collision time, multiplicity, centrality, and reaction plane detector for the ALICE experiment during Run 3 and 4 of the LHC. Among the many challenges of this project are a high dynamic range (from 1 to 500 MIP per channel), requirement to operate with the sustained bunch crossing of 25 ns, provide single-MIP time resolution below 50 ps, complete the entire signal processing and trigger generation within 200 ns.
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A comprehensive study of the EP648 Ni-based superalloy obtained by selective laser melting followed by high-temperature annealing has been carried out. The macro- and microhardness have been ...studied, and the microstructure has been analyzed, while tests for brittle fracture resistance were carried out. The quantitative and qualitative analyses indicate possible structural deviations affecting the properties of products.
Forward hadron calorimeters with transverse and longitudinal segmentation are developed for upgraded NA61/SHINE BM@N and future CBM experiments at CERN, JINR and FAIR respectively. The main purpose ...of these calorimeters is to provide an event-by-event measurements of centrality and reaction plane orientation in ion collisions. Hadron calorimeters in all these experiments are composed of sampling lead/scintillator modules. The light collection from longitudinal sections in modules is provided by Wave-Length Shifting (WLS) fibers embedded in scintillator plates. Micropixel photodetectors MPPCs are used for light detection. The light yield measured at muons beam for these modules is about 8 - 10 ph.el./MeV. Performance of the supermodule composed of these modules has been studied at proton beam energies 1.5 - 150 GeV at CERN. Radiation conditions at high heavy ion beam rates are studied by FLUKA simulations for calorimeters geometry optimization aimed to get acceptable radiation doses and neutron fluence both for the scintillator plates and for photodetectors in these experiments.
The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR needs a detector to measure the nucleus-nucleus collision centrality and orientation of the reaction plane. The Projectile Spectator Detector ...(PSD) as a sampling lead/scintillator forward hadron calorimeter with transverse and longitudinal segmentation will be used for this purpose. The PSD consist of 44 modules with 10 longitudinal sections in each. Electronics of PSD consist of MPPCs boards mounted directly on detector and readout ADC interface with ADC FPGA board installed into crate distanced on 50m from detector part. ADC has 14-bit resolution and 125MHz digitization rate, Kintex-7 FPGA is placed on the board. Concept of PSD Front End Electronics (FEE) is already designed and most crucial parts including ADC FPGA board already tested and confirmed to be operational. One PSD module ("mini PSD" or mPSD) has been installed into the "mini CBM" (mCBM) assembled at SIS18 accelerator in GSI, Darmstadt, Germany in the framework of the FAIR Phase-0 program. ADC FPGA readout board has been integrated into common DAQ experiment and tested. Details of the mPSD FEE design and test results are shown.
Forward Diffractive Detector control system for Run 3 in the ALICE experiment Mejía Camacho, J.M.; Rodríguez Ramírez, S.A.; Cabanillas Noris, J.C. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2023, Letnik:
1050
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The ALICE experiment went through major upgrades in preparation for Runs 3 and 4 at the CERN LHC, which foresee a significant increase in the data stream rate. To cope with it, a new Computing System ...Online–Offline (O2) was developed by ALICE and several detectors were upgraded. One of these upgrades corresponded to the ALICE Diffractive (AD) detector, which was replaced by the new Forward Diffractive Detector (FDD). A fundamental system that allows for recording of data as well as for the stable and safe operation of the experimental setup is the Detector Control System (DCS). The DCS controls, monitors, and configures detectors’ hardware and their subsystems among which are commercial hardware and specific custom equipment. In this work, we describe the implementation of the DCS of FDD, which was designed and developed using the SCADA commercial software WinCC Open Architecture (WinCC-OA®) and the Joint Controls Project (JCOP) Framework. We also describe the modeling of FDD-DCS as a finite state machine to be integrated into the ALICE Central DCS, and to be operated by DCS shifters in the run control center and, remotely, by detector experts. This new DCS was developed to comply with the new LHC operational standards that allow for processing the increased luminosity due to collisions at a higher energy, and for fulfilling the specific requirements of the ALICE experiment, in order to address the scientific challenges of its physics program.
The results of beam tests of the hadron calorimeter with transverse and longitudinal segmentation and with the micropixel photodetectors light readout performed at CERN T9 and T10 beamlines in proton ...momentum range 2-10 GeV/c are shown. The new signal processing technique based on the waveform fitting of calorimeter signals using the Prony least squares method is proposed. This technique allows to identify weak signals comparable to the level of electronic noise, which is important for performing a muon calibration of calorimeter sections. For the energy calibration of the hadron calorimeter sections with cosmic muons, a new approach that uses the reconstruction of the muon track in the calorimeter is proposed.
It is proposed to replace existing Zero Degree Calorimeter of the BM@N setup at the Nuclotron (JINR) by a new forward hadron calorimeter for the measurement of the collision centrality and reaction ...plane orientation in heavy ions experiments. This calorimeter with transverse and longitudinal segmentation will be assembled from modules presently constructed for FHCal MPD and PSD CBM. The proposed design of the new calorimeter, simulation results for centrality and reaction plane determination by the new calorimeter, as well as radiation doses in the calorimeter simulated by FLUKA are discussed. The performance of hadron calorimeter supermodule studied at CERN is shown.
Tests of FARICH prototype with precise photon position detection Barnyakov, A.Yu; Barnyakov, M.Yu; Basok, I.Yu ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2014, Letnik:
766
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In June 2012 a FARICH prototype from Philips Digital Photon Counting (PDPC) based on a photon camera with dimensions of 200200 mm has been tested at CERN. Remarkable particle separation has been ...achieved with a 4-layer aerogel sample: the pi /K separation at a 6 GeV/c momentum is 3.5 sigma , the mu / pi mu / pi separation is 5.3 sigma at 1 GeV/c. The analysis of the data has shown that the main contribution to the accuracy of the ring radius measurement comes from aerogel. The development of focusing aerogels is proceeding in two main directions: tuning of production technology of multilayer blocks and development of a new production method with continuous density (refractive index) gradient along the block depth. The beam test was carried out in December 2012-January 2013 at the electron beam test facility at the VEPP-4 M e super(+)e super(-) collider. The goal of this test was to measure different single layer and focusing aerogel samples, both multilayer and gradient. Aerogel samples were tested with a PDPC FARICH prototype. A part of DPC SPADs in each pixel was disabled to form an active area of 11 mm super(2). The collected data proved that gradient aerogel samples focus Cherenkov light.
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