The antihypertensive effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor lisinopril administered in a single dose of 20 mg was evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in a ...double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Twenty-four patients (21 men and 3 women, mean age 52 +/- 6 years) with mild to moderate hypertension were included in the study and randomly assigned to two consecutive treatments with lisinopril 20 mg and placebo, each administered for 4 weeks. On the last day of each treatment, BP was assessed by noninvasive 24-h ABPM. BP was significantly lower after lisinopril than after placebo in a 24-h period (mean 24-h systolic BP (SBP) with lisinopril 120 +/- 7 mm Hg and with placebo 135 +/- 9 mm Hg; mean day SBP with lisinopril 125 +/- 3 mm Hg and with placebo 142 +/- 5 mm Hg; mean night SBP with lisinopril 112 +/- 4 mm Hg and with placebo 124 +/- 6 mm Hg; mean 24-h diastolic BP (DBP) with lisinopril 76 +/- 6 mm Hg, and with placebo 87 +/- 8 mm Hg; mean day DBP with lisinopril 80 +/- 3 mm Hg and with placebo 93 +/- 4 mm Hg; mean night DBP with lisinopril 69 +/- 2 mm Hg and with placebo 79 +/- 5 mm Hg, p less than 0.001). Mean 24-h, mean day, and mean night heart rate (HR) did not differ significantly between placebo and lisinopril treatments. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant influence on SBP (p less than 0.001) and DBP (p less than 0.001) throughout the treatment.
: Corrosion processes due to contact with the physiological environment should be avoided or minimized in orthopedic implants. Four metallic substrates frequently used as biomaterials: pure Ti, ...Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy, ASTM F138 stainless steel, and Co‐Cr‐Mo alloy, were coated with TiN using the physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique. These coatings have been screened by polarization curves in physiological solutions. TiN prepared by PVD is efficient as coating for stainless steel. On titanium and alloy there are no benefits concerning the corrosion resistance compared to the bare Ti‐materials. TiN coatings have been screened according to ISO 10993 standard tests for biocompatibility and exhibited no cytotoxicity, dermal irritation, or acute systemic toxicity response.
In spite of high cure rates and improved overall survival, 25% of pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) relapse after obtaining complete remission. Additionally a small ...proportion of patients are refractory and do not attain remission. Microarray expression analysis of matched diagnosis-relapse B-lineage ALL sample pairs identified DEFA1-3 as a potential marker of relapse. Here, validation of DEFA1-3 as a marker for therapy resistance is explored. DEFA1-3 expression was analysed by RQ-PCR in patient paired samples at diagnosis and relapse of 6 early-relapse (within 18 months) and 8 late-relapse (beyond 18 months) B-lineage ALL. Diagnostic samples of 19 patients with ALL who are in continuous complete remission (median time from diagnosis 47 month) and diagnostic samples of 5 refractory patients who had not achieved remission at day 35 of therapy were also analyzed. In addition, overexpression of alpha-defensin1-3 proteins in blast cells at relapse was analysed by flow cytometry. DEFA1-3 was overexpressed at relapse as compared to diagnosis in 12 of 14 samples. At diagnosis, the expression of DEFA1-3 was significantly higher in samples from refractory patients as compared to those of patients who are in CR and to those of patients who experienced late relapse. At diagnosis, patients who relapsed early after diagnosis could not be distinguished from refractory patients based on DEFA1-3 expression levels. Results suggest that high levels of DEFA1-3 mRNA and alpha-defensin1-3 protein expression are correlated with disease progression and failure of adequate response to conventional chemotherapy.
An amine elimination pathway has been used to produce a number of homo- and heteroleptic zirconium complexes, starting from tetrakis(dialkylamido)zirconium complexes and β-diketimine or, ...alternatively, Schiff Base compounds. Reaction of 2 equiv of the bidentate β-diketimine (2Z,4E)-N-methyl-4-(methylimino)pent-2-en-2-amine with Zr(NR2)4 (R = Me, Et) affords the six-coordinate heteroleptic compounds bis(N-methyl-4-(methylimino)pent-2-en-2-amido)bis(dialkylamido)zirconium 1 (alkyl = Me) and 2 (alkyl = Et). The dynamic behavior of these two compounds in solution has been investigated. Reaction with the isopropyl-substituted β-diketimine (2Z)-N-isopropyl-4-(isopropylimino)pent-2-en-2-amine gives the five-coordinate mono(diketiminato)-substituted compound (N-isopropyl-4-(isoropylimino)pent-2-en-2-amido)tris(dimethylamido )zirconium, 3. With employment of the Schiff base (3Z)-4-(methylamino)pent-3-en-2-one, it was also possible to prepare the six-coordinate bis(4-(methylamino)pent-3-en-2-onato)bis(diethylamido)zirconium compound 4. When the bidentate ligand bearing hydrogen as substituent on the imino-nitrogen atom was employed, homoleptic tetrakis(β-ketoiminato)- and tetrakis(β-diketiminato)zirconium compounds 5 and 6 can be obtained. Complexes 1 and 5 have been tested for their air stability with reference to Zr(NMe2)4. The stability order turned out to be 1 > 5 ≫ Zr(NMe2)4. The thermal properties and volatility of all the compounds are discussed in view of their potential application in metal−organic chemical vapor deposition processes (MOCVD) of zirconium nitride.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic treatment with lacidipine on blood pressure, heart rate and double product during and immediately after physical effort in mild to ...moderate hypertensive patients. This was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eighteen hypertensive patients (56% males, median age 53 years) were randomized to lacidipine 4 mg o.i.d. followed by placebo or to placebo followed by lacidipine 4 mg o.i.d. Lacidipine compared with placebo exerted a significant antihypertensive effect, lowering SBP and DBP both at baseline and either during or after exercise test. The average incremental changes of SBP and DBP between pre-exercise stage and maximal effort did not show any significant differences between treatments. HR during treatment with lacidipine was higher than during treatment with placebo both at rest and after exercise, but at maximal effort, HR was not different from placebo. The average values of DP at maximal effort, and during recovery, did not show any significant differences. Lacidipine 4 mg was effective in lowering blood pressure and in maintaining its antihypertensive effect throughout and after physical exercise, without enhancing double product value, which is an indirect index of myocardial oxygen consumption.
Left ventricular thrombosis (LVT) is a frequent complication after acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI). The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether streptokinase (SK) therapy prevents ...LVT, and whether this effect is due to the preservation of left ventricular function or to the fibrinolytic action of the drug. Sixty‐five patients who underwent a left ventricular angiography within 2 months after a first AMI were studied. Twenty‐eight patients (SK group) received SK 1, 500,000 U i.v. administered over 60 min within 6 h from the onset of symptoms. A lower incidence of LVT was found in the SK group (p=0.0003). We divided patients into two classes according to the value of akinetic‐dyskinetic area (AD): the first group with a lower value of AD, the second group with a higher value of AD. In both groups, a reduced incidence of LVT was associated with SK therapy (p=0.014, p=0.015, respectively). Early infusion of SK during AMI seems to prevent the development of LVT, with an effect partly independent from its action on infarct size for small to large myocardial infarction.
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