A zwitterion, generated from an aryne and an imine, has been demonstrated to serve as an excellent molecular scaffold for capturing CO2, which results in the straightforward formation of diverse ...benzoxazinones.
This research explores the potential of using exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets, xGnP, (graphene sheets ∼10
nm thickness, ∼1
μm diameter), as reinforcement in polypropylene, PP. xGnP–PP ...nanocomposites were fabricated by melt mixing and injection molding. The feasibility of using xGnP–PP nanocomposites was investigated by evaluating the flexural strength, modulus and impact strength and studying the morphology of this system as a function of xGnP loading and aspect ratio and by comparing the xGnP–PP with composites made with commercial available reinforcements such as carbon fibers, carbon black and clays. It is concluded that the smaller aspect ratio xGnP has the strongest impact on the mechanical properties of PP, at loadings up to 5
vol.%, compared to the other reinforcements used, which reflects the compatibility between the exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets and the PP matrix and the exceptional mechanical properties of xGnP, similar to crystalline graphite.
The undoped and Ce-doped MgAl2O4 single crystals were synthesized by the floating zone method equipped with four xenon arc lamps, and the photoluminescence (PL), scintillation, and dosimetric ...properties were investigated. The Ce-doped crystals showed PL emission peaks at around 420 and 720 nm. The former was ascribed to the 5 d-4f transition of Ce3+ ion, and the latter was ascribed Mg deficiency. The PL decay time profiles of the Ce-doped crystals exhibited the fast decay, and the decay time constants were the typical value of others Ce-doped materials. Thus, the decay time constants were attributed to the 5 d-4f transitions of Ce3+ ion. In addition, optically-stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals could be detected in all the crystals when the stimulation wavelength was 470 nm. The OSL dose response functions showed linearly proportional relationship from 10 to 1000 mGy in all the Ce-doped crystals. The thermally-stimulated luminescence (TSL) glow curves exhibit three peaks due to antisite of Al3+ ion, V center and antisite of Mg2+ ion. All the Ce-doped crystals showed improved TSL intensity and dose response sensitivity compared the undoped crystal. The 0.2 and 1% Ce-doped crystals showed linearly response at the dose range of the 0.1–1000 mGy.
•We have synthesized MgAl2O4 single crystal doped with Ce by floating zone method.•We have characterized the photoluminescence, scintillation and dosimetric properties.•All samples showed luminescence properties due to some defects and Ce3+ ion.
Human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (hESCs/hiPSCs) are promising cell sources for cardiac regenerative medicine. To realize hESC/hiPSC-based cardiac cell therapy, efficient induction, ...purification, and transplantation methods for cardiomyocytes are required. Though marker gene transduction or fluorescent-based purification methods have been reported, fast, efficient and scalable purification methods with no genetic modification are essential for clinical purpose but have not yet been established. In this study, we attempted to identify cell surface markers for cardiomyocytes derived from hESC/hiPSCs.
We adopted a previously reported differentiation protocol for hESCs based on high density monolayer culture to hiPSCs with some modification. Cardiac troponin-T (TNNT2)-positive cardiomyocytes appeared robustly with 30-70% efficiency. Using this differentiation method, we screened 242 antibodies for human cell surface molecules to isolate cardiomyocytes derived from hiPSCs and identified anti-VCAM1 (Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) antibody specifically marked cardiomyocytes. TNNT2-positive cells were detected at day 7-8 after induction and 80% of them became VCAM1-positive by day 11. Approximately 95-98% of VCAM1-positive cells at day 11 were positive for TNNT2. VCAM1 was exclusive with CD144 (endothelium), CD140b (pericytes) and TRA-1-60 (undifferentiated hESCs/hiPSCs). 95% of MACS-purified cells were positive for TNNT2. MACS purification yielded 5-10×10(5) VCAM1-positive cells from a single well of a six-well culture plate. Purified VCAM1-positive cells displayed molecular and functional features of cardiomyocytes. VCAM1 also specifically marked cardiomyocytes derived from other hESC or hiPSC lines.
We succeeded in efficiently inducing cardiomyocytes from hESCs/hiPSCs and identifying VCAM1 as a potent cell surface marker for robust, efficient and scalable purification of cardiomyocytes from hESC/hiPSCs. These findings would offer a valuable technological basis for hESC/hiPSC-based cell therapy.
Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is the most advanced form of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with congenital heart defects. ES greatly affects functional capacity, quality of life, and ...survival of patients. Clinical management of patients with ES has been dramatically changed and developed in a new therapeutic era of PAH, approximately a century after the first ES case described by Dr. Eisenmenger. Targeted drugs for PAH improve functional capacity and quality of life of patients with ES. In addition, these drugs may also provide a benefit for patients’ survival. To achieve further development in medical treatment of patients with ES, they will need to be individualized according to functional classes, underlying cardiac defects, and underlying systemic diseases.
Eu2O3-doped tellurite glasses (15WO3–5Al2O3–80TeO2) were fabricated and their scintillation characteristics were investigated. Typical emissions originating from the 4f→4f transitions of Eu3+ were ...observed at 580, 592, 614, 653, and 702 nm when irradiated with visible light. The quantum yield of the Eu2O3-doped glass increased as the Eu2O3 concentration increased, and the 5.0% Eu2O3-doped glass exhibited the largest quantum yield of 76%. Further, scintillation originating from the 4f→4f transition of Eu3+ was also detected under X-ray irradiation, and the integrated scintillation intensity depended on the quantum yield. The afterglow levels of the glasses decreased with increasing the Eu2O3 concentration, and the level of the 5.0% Eu2O3-doped glass was 193 ppm, which was close to that of the Tl-doped CsI.
•Eu2O3-doped tellurite glasses were synthesized by melt-quenching method.•Photoluminescence and scintillation due to the 4f-4f transitions of Eu3+ were observed.•The afterglow levels of the Eu2O3-doped tellurite glasses were 193–553 ppm.
Mn-doped MgAl
2
O
4
single crystals were synthesized by the floating zone method equipped with four xenon arc lamps, and photoluminescence (PL), scintillation, and dosimetric properties were ...investigated. In PL and scintillation spectra, Mn-doped crystals showed an emission peak at 520 nm. The luminescence was ascribed to the d–d transition of Mn
2+
ion judging from the emission wavelength and decay time constants. In addition, Mn-doped crystals showed thermally and optically stimulated luminescence (TSL and OSL) with the emission peak at 520 nm, which was also considered to be due to the d–d transition of Mn
2+
ion. In both TSL and OSL dose–response functions, the 0.1% Mn-doped crystal showed linearly response from 0.01 to 1000 mGy.
Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics with different concentrations were synthesized by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method, and photoluminescence (PL), optically-stimulated luminescence (OSL), and ...thermally-stimulated luminescence (TSL) properties were investigated. In the PL property, Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics showed emission peaks at 420, 440, 460, 480, 550, 580, and 620 nm and the decay time constants due to 4f–4f transitions of Tb3+. Under the stimulation at 750 nm, Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics showed OSL peaks due to 4f–4f transitions of Tb3+. The TSL glow peaks were detected at 120, 200, and 280 °C in Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics. The 0.1 and 1% Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics had linear dose response over the dose range of 0.01–1000 mGy.
•Various Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics were synthesized by the spark plasma sintering method.•Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics showed emission peaks at 420, 440, 460, 480, 550, 580, and 620 nm due to 4f–4f transitions of Tb3+.•Under the stimulation at 750 nm, Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics showed OSL peaks due to 4f–4f transitions of Tb3+.•The TSL glow peaks were detected at 120, 200, and 280 °C in Tb-doped Na3AlF6 ceramics.
Undoped and Eu-doped CaZrO3 crystals were synthesized by the xenon lamp floating zone method, and photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties were investigated. The undoped CaZrO3 exhibited a ...broad PL spectrum peaking at around 410 nm while the Eu-doped CaZrO3 showed some sharp emission lines due to 4f-4f transition of Eu3+. The PL decay time constant of the undoped CaZrO3 was 77.8 ns while the Eu-doped CaZrO3 showed a typical value of 4f-4f transition of Eu3+. In X-ray induced scintillation spectra, undoped CaZrO3 showed a broad emission at 480 nm, and Eu-doped ones exhibited some emission lines at around 600 nm. The afterglow levels of the Eu-doped CaZrO3 were lower than that of the undoped one.
•Undoped and Eu-doped CaZrO3 crystals were synthesized by the xenon lamp floating zone method.•Photoluminescence and scintillation properties of CaZrO3 were investigated.•In X-ray induced scintillation spectra, undoped CaZrO3 showed a broad emission at 480 nm.•Eu-doped CaZrO3 exhibited some emission lines at around 600 nm due to 4f–4f transitions of Eu3+ ions.
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