Introduction
It is known that negative body image can cause significant emotional distress for an individual and thus lead to lower subjective well-being. Previous research has shown that both ...disordered eating and body mass are connected to negative body image.
Objectives
To examine how disordered eating and BMI can predict different aspects of body image.
Methods
A sample of 180 healthy respondents (152 Female, 28 Male, mean age 22,62±7,35) were recruited in Moscow. Disordered eating was measured by Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26; Garner D. et al., 1982), body image was measured by Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ; Cash T. F., 1990). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated on the basis of self-reported data (height and weight). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed in IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0.
Results
Regression model with both predictors determined self-classified weight (SCW; R
2
=0,569, p<0,0001), overweight preoccupation (OWP; R
2
=0,497, p<0,0001), body areas satisfaction (BASS; R
2
=0,259, p<0,0001), and appearance evaluation (R
2
= 0,229, p<0,0001), but only disordered eating symptoms predicted appearance (R
2
= 0,193, p<0,0001) and health (R
2
= 0,036, p<0,05) orientation, and none of the predictors affected fitness or health evaluation and fitness orientation.
Conclusions
Symptoms of disordered eating and body mass index in normal population can predict self-evaluation of one`s appearance as less attractive, body size as bigger and weight as heavier. Only symptoms of disordered eating predicted higher extent of investment in one’s appearance and health. And neither IBM, nor disordered eating predicted self-evaluation of one`s health and fitness or the extent of investment in fitness.
Introduction
Previous studies have shown that emotional eating is associated with binge eating disorder, body image disturbances and depression.
Objectives
In this study we wanted to find out if ...there is a relationship between emotional eating and body image and life satisfaction in non-clinical sample.
Methods
The study involved 182 normal participants (153 Female, 29 Male, mean age 22,6 ± 7,3), which were recruited in Moscow, Russia. Emotional eating was measured by the opposite pole of Eating for Physical Rather Than Emotional Reasons subscale of Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2), body image was measured by Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was used to measure the corresponding construct. Correlation analysis was performed in IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0.
Results
Emotional eating was associated with the following MBSRQ subscales: lower appearance evaluation (-0,431, p<0,0001), lower body areas satisfaction (-0,335, p<0,0001), as well as lower fitness evaluation (-0,208, p=0,005) and lower health evaluation (-0,182, p=0,014), but higher overweight preoccupation (0,279, p=0,0001) and overestimation of body weight (0,362, p<0,0001). It was also connected to lower satisfaction with life (-0,195, p=0,008).
Conclusions
The results of the study allow us to conclude that emotional eating may pose risks to psychological health of a normal individual. It was shown that emotional eating is connected to negative evaluation of one`s body appearance, fitness and health state, weight and shape concerns, and even to the lower level of satisfaction with one’s life.
Introduction
Recent studies showed that stress and anxiety increased during the Covid-19 pandemic (Bäuerle et al., 2020; Salari et al., 2020). It is important to identify factors which are related to ...this increase.
Objectives
In present study we investigated how perceived value threat of Covid-19 is related to anxiety and depression symptoms in April – May 2020 during the lockdown in Russia.
Methods
Three hundred and four participants were recruited online (M
age
=33.18, SD=13.33, 108 males, 194 females). Participants completed the Short Schwartz’s Value Survey (SSVS; Lindeman & Verkasalo, 2010). They were next asked to rate how likely their values could be threatened because of the Covid-19. They also completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 1983) and Beck Depression Inventory-II (Beck et al., 1996).
Results
A multiple linear regression model was built to assess how own values and values threatened by Covid-19 explain state anxiety during the lockdown. Threat to openness values was positively related to state anxiety (b=1.07, SE=.49, β=.13, p=.032). Threat to conservation values was only marginally related to state anxiety (b=1.03, SE=.58, β=.13, p=.074). The effects of self-enhancement and self-transcendence values were not significant.
Conclusions
When Covid-19 is perceived as a threat to openness to change values – hedonism, stimulation and self-direction – people experience higher level of anxiety symptoms. Interestingly, perceived threat of Covid-19 to security, conformity and tradition was only marginally related to anxiety. Future studies might explore how encouraging people to fulfill their openness to change values in a safe mode might decrease the level of anxiety.
Introduction
People with mental disorder can share negative stereotypes, related to mental disorders. This might cause self-stigmatization, which is negatively related to quality of life and ...compliance with treatment. This self-stigmatization can be non-conscious or implicit, which might complicate it detection and further therapy.
Objectives
In present study we investigated the role of values in implicit self-stigmatization among 40 women diagnosed with schizophrenia (mean age 23.77 years ±6).
Methods
Participants completed the Portrait Value Questionnaire (Schwartz, 2003) and two brief implicit association tests (BIAT), measuring implicit self-esteem and attitudes towards mental disorders (Corrigan et al., 2010). The results of two BIATs were combined as a measure of implicit self-stigmatization.
Results
A linear regression model was built. Four values (self-enhancement, self-transcendence, openness to change and conservation values) were entered as independent variables, while implicit self-stigmatization – as dependent variable. It was found that self-transcendence values were marginally negatively related to implicit self-stigmatization (b=-.122, β=-.398, SE=.064, p=.067), while other values were not significantly related to it (ps>.125).
Conclusions
Self-transcendence values – values related to the well-being of others, which include tolerance, altruism and protection for the welfare of all people and for nature – are negatively related to implicit or non-conscious self-stigmatization. This finding, although marginally significant, is in line with previous studies. Previous studies showed that self-transcendence values are also negatively associated with explicit or conscious self-stigmatization (Lannin et al., 2020). Thus, these values can be targets for programs which aim to decrease self-stigmatization tendencies among patients with mental illness.
Introduction
Due to limited efficacy and side effects of pharmacological therapy in tension-type headache (TTH), alternative approaches are feasible. Neurofeedback is a noninvasive neuromodulation ...technique increasingly used in practice, but, however, there is limited research on its efficacy.
Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy of neurofeedback in TTH and to reveal the factors moderating treatment effects.
Methods
We analyzed the data from a pilot phase of an ongoing single case design cross-over sham-controlled study. Four females with TTH underwent 10 sessions of neurofeedback and 10 sessions of sham-neurofeedback in a randomized order. Participants filled a detailed headache diary 3 weeks before, during and 3 weeks after the treatment. At enrollment, we evaluated the personality factors with the MMPI, and performed a specially developed test on psychophysiological regulation of breath.
Results
Significant reduction of headache frequency and intensity was observed in 2 of 4 participants (responders). The responders were characterized by normal MMPI profile and, the same time, by lower baseline abilities for psychophysiological self-regulation. The non-responders had high MMPI profile (accentuation) and also higher abilities for psychophysiological self-regulation.
Conclusions
On the base of preliminary data, we suggest that neurofeedback may be feasible in TTH patients with lowered abilities for in psychophysiological self-regulation. Accentuation of personality traits may interfere with the efficacy of neurofeedback.
The article is devoted to a review of scientific works and critical publications of domestic and foreign scientists in 2000—2021, which presents a modern view of the study of Evenk literature and ...folklore of Transbaikalia, the Amur Region and North China. The relevance of the topic of the scientific review is due to the increasing interest of the world community in the problems of preserving and developing the cultures of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the world in the late XX — early XXI centuries, in connection with which the consideration of the Evenk (Tungus) ethnoculture of various regions, including the transboundary (Russia-China), in the global scale requires special attention. The authors turn to the identification of research strategies of representatives of scientific centers in Russia and countries of the world, taking into account the achievements in the field of Tungus studies of the XX century and the expansion of the problem field in the first decades of the XXI century. It is proved that in 2000—2021 the geography of publications of scientific works in this field on a global scale changes significantly: Russia, China, European countries, USA, Japan. A characteristic feature of modern research is an interdisciplinary focus. There is an increase in academic interest in the “Evenk phenomenon” in literature and an increase in the number of literary works.
INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF SOIL BIOREMEDIATION Kokunova, Irina V.; Zhukov, Alexander A.; Fyodorova-Semyonova, Tatyana E.
Siberian journal of life sciences and agriculture,
08/2022, Letnik:
14, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The intensification of agricultural production and processing industries, the use of powerful tractors and harvesters, and the increase in the intensity of road cargo transportation lead to an ...increase in waste from economic activities and an increase in the anthropogenic load on the environment. Human-made accidents exacerbate the problems of the stability of natural ecosystems. Dangerous substances get into the soil and accumulate in it in the form of various toxicants. This situation poses a threat to all living organisms. One of the ways to solve the urgent problems of environmental safety and the production of high-quality agricultural products is the use of bioremediation technologies for soil purification. The paper aims to increase the efficiency of soil bioremediation technology by improving the technical means used for the aeration of soil piles. The current aerators-mixers perform soil agitation and grinding of large soil formations while saturating the treated material with oxygen. We propose improving the stirring drum design of a semi-suspended aerator-mixer, equipping it with new knife-shaped working blades and with a screw winding that allows increasing the contact area with the processed mass and forming a pile of a given shape. The contact surface increases due to biological products sprayed by the nozzles and the fine soil fraction formed after treatment. This fact also intensifies the microbiological processes of toxicant oxidation. Based on the theoretical research and multivariate regression analysis, we obtained a regression equation. It allowed us to establish the relationship between the main factors that affect the aeration process of soil piles to a greater extent. We carried out experimental studies in the scientific laboratories of the university. Thus, we determined the rational parameters of the improved aerator-mixer of piles.
Cosmetics with the ability to neutralize harmful influence of ultraviolet rays on skin are quite in demand. UV filters in creams composition are divided into two groups: physical and chemical. ...Antioxidants are used as chemical UV filters. The article presents the results of ferulic acid testing as UV filter in ointment bases with lipophile, hydrophile and lipophilic and hydrophilic properties. The dependence of ferulic acid efficiency from the base type where it was applied was established. The results received are correlated with data about release rate of ferulic acid received in vitro. Ointment bases with such emulsifiers as cetyl alcohol, base emulsifier and Olivem 1000 have the most signified UV protective effect of ferulic acid.
The paper examines the issue of assessing the extent of precarious labour relations considered by the authors as one of the systemic factors of social pollution. The emergence of the social pollution ...of the labour sphere is primarily caused by the aspiration of employers to reduce labour costs. It leads to an increasing spread of the use of toxic practices of the personnel management. This article presents the interim results of the monitoring study, implemented by the authors on the basis of the methodology which includes the sociological survey of the employees of Russian enterprises of different economic sectors. In 2014, the authors held a pilot study in order to test the methodological tools of the evaluation of social pollution level in labour sphere including the assessment of the degree of precarious labour relations as well as verification of the hypothesis of this research. Following the results of the pilot study, the sociological survey tools were improved. The survey took place in 2015 among workers of the Sverdlovsk region. The obtained results allow us to identify the toxic elements of labour sphere. These elements are associated with the precarious labour relations and have a negative impact on the physical and psychosocial health of employees. Also, we can make conclusions about the existing trends that reflect the qualitative characteristics of current changes in the relationship between employers and employees. The limitations of the presented results are conditioned by the fact that the monitoring assumes conducting annual surveys for a long period. However, the interim findings are of interest and can be used to find solutions of the problems caused by the increasing precarious labour relations both at the level of enterprise and at the level of regional power.
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